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The Islamic religion in Course Curriculums of High School History Textbooks in the Republic of Macedonia

Cultural and Religious Studies 2024年第4期12卷 210-223页

作者： Zećir Ramčilović Ss Cyril and Methodius University SkopjeRepublic of Macedonia

History textbooks can and primarily should contribute to the strengthening of students’awareness of universal human values.However,history textbooks can also deepen the divisions,prejudices,and uncritical attitudes,contrary to the goals of education.The youth population,which is still building and creating their point of view towards the world is the main group in the education process.The learning period,in the elementary,as well as in the secondary education is of utmost importance for the development of every human.To that end,history,through the contents of the past largely shapes our perceptions of every individual,ourselves,and the others.Since we are living in a multiethnic and multi-confessional society,I have decided to conduct an analysis of the teaching contents of high school textbooks related to religion.Another reason for the analysis is the role of religion in the formation of Balkan nations,which have made it one of the key elements of their national identities.It is often given the role of raising and strengthening the national awareness,patriotism,as well as the country homogeneity,which most often leads to forming prejudices,divisions,and discrimination towards people of minority religions.The large volume of content related to the religion,and also the mere fact that Muslims are the second largest religion group in the population,I have decided to analyze the contents which are related only to the Islamic religion.The goal is to look for both the positive and negative sides of those contents in history textbooks in secondary schools,which are backed by state institutions that are supposed to take care of the development of competitive,creative,progressive,and ethically formed human potential.The critical review will give an additional impulse to the efforts of eliminating those parts of the teaching contents that create divisions and prejudices,especially in history textbooks,so that its studying can become the key factor in the building of trust between people of different religions.

关键词： Islam religion students history textbooks education

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religion and “Zero-Dose” Vaccination Status in Children Aged 12 to 23 Months in Benin and Togo: “Evidence of Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys”

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第4期13卷 306-327页

作者： Nyulelen Toyi Mangbassim Alphonse Kpozehouen Jacques Zinsou Saizonou Nicolas Gaffan Aissata Ba Sidibe Marie Therese Guigui Yaovi Temfan Toke Dadja Essoya Landoh Assima-Essodom Kalao Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Regional Institute of Public Health of Ouidah University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Health Policy and Systems Department Regional Institute of Public Health of Ouidah University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin UNICEF Country Office of Togo Lome Togo World Health Organization Country Office of Togo Lome Togo Ministry of Health Public Hygiene and Universal Access to Care Lome Togo

Introduction: The relationship between religion and health has been a topic of interest in the past, and in recent years it has become increasingly visible in the social, behavioural, and health sciences. This work aims to study the influence of religion on the “zero-dose” vaccination status of children aged 12 - 23 months in Benin and Togo. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which consisted in carrying out secondary analyzes using the databases of the most recent editions of the Demographic and Health Surveys in Benin and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) in Togo. We extracted data concerning the vaccination status (“1 = zero-dose”, “0 = vaccinated”) of the children, the religious affiliation of the head of the household or the mother and other variables related to the child, the mother, the household and the environment. By means of a logistic regression, the adjusted effect of the religious affiliation of the head of the household or of the mother on the vaccination status at “zero-dose” was determined. Results: A total of 2430 and 933 children were respectively included in the study on behalf of Benin and Togo. The prevalence of “zero-dose” vaccination status in children aged 12 - 23 months was 33.91% (95% CI = 31.67 - 36.23) in Benin and this prevalence was 26.88% (95% CI = 23.50 - 30.55) in Togo. In Benin, there is no evidence in favour of the influence of the religious affiliation of the mother on the “zero-dose” vaccination status of children. In Togo, children living in households whose head was Muslim (ORa = 3.44;95% CI = 1.29 - 9.13) were more likely to be “zero-dose” than those coming from households run by individuals with no religious beliefs. Conclusion: Further research is needed to understand the basis for the excess risk of “zero-dose” vaccination status in children that appears to be associated with the Muslim religion.

关键词： Vaccination “Zero-Dose” Children religion Evidence DHS MICS Benin Togo

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Mental Health, religion and Suicide

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2022年第1期11卷 12-27页

作者： Ishaq Ibrahim Hajiyousouf Sefa Bulut Department of Counseling Psychology Ibn Haldun University Istanbul Turkey

Suicide is one of the most common yet serious concerns, and a worldwide subject that individuals have debated from the past to the present. Suicidal ideation affects and disrupts the functionality of a human being regardless of age, gender, ethnicity, or even religion. This article aims to discuss suicide in general and from an Islamic perspective in specific, as research has shown that an Islamically oriented approach and intervention works better with the Muslim population in general. The paper also aims to have a broader view of how Islam categorized suicide classically and its modern implications, which also lets us explore the similarities, and differences between the Islamic perspective and different religions about suicide and related mental health concerns. A collection of both classic and modern sources was used to extract information and provide a scope of definitions to clarify suicide and religiosity concerning the teachings and opinion of Islam about the meaning of life, afterlife, and soul. It was found that the Muslim population showed a lower rate of suicide in comparison to individuals from other religions, and religious individuals showed faster recovery from suicidal ideation. Yet, Muslims are not immune to mental health conditions that would result in suicide. Therefore, further studies and research need to be conducted to understand the huge stigma around Muslim about mental health and suicide in the Muslim communities, to compare the effectiveness among the religious and the non-religious Muslims, and lastly to fill the gap as to why the Muslim population tends to be hesitant in seeking help regarding their psychological problems.

关键词： Suicide Mental Health religion Suicide Attempt

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Tests of a Posthumanist (Franciscan) religion: The Case of Michel Serres

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2022年第4期12卷 203-208页

作者： Orsola Rignani University of Florence FlorenceItaly

Starting from the question of whether there is still a space for religious experience in posthumanist reflection,and if so,how this space can be configured,the contribution first examines nerve nodes/junctions,such as body/nudity,bonds/intersections,Biogea/Sciences of Life and Earth,in which the thought of Michel Serres,at the same time,is intertwined,so to speak,with the posthumanist one,and develops its Franciscanism.Through this analysis,the contribution opens itself the possibility of identifying/proposing,in an idea of religion(religio)as etymologically understood by Serres in the sense of bond/relationship/universal binder of livings(religare),humans and things,the space/justification of religious experience in and for the posthumanism.Mysticism of immanence within the Posthumanism?Maybe…But even further:the way is in fact that of bonding,inclusion,synthesis.

关键词： Michel Serres posthumanism body intersections Biogea Franciscanism religion

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Donating in good faith or getting into trouble? religion and organ donation revisited

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World Journal of Transplantation 2012年第5期2卷 69-73页

作者： Mike Oliver Aimun Ahmed Alexander Woywodt Department of Nephrology Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

There is worldwide shortage of organs for solid-organ transplantation. Many obstacles to deceased and live donation have been described and addressed, such as lack of understanding of the medical process, the issue of the definition of brain death, public awareness of the need for transplants, and many others. However, it is clear that the striking differences in deceased and live donation rates between different countries are only partly explained by these factors and many cultural and social reasons have been invoked to explain these observations. We believe that one obstacle to both deceased and live donation that is less well appreciated is that of religious concerns. Looking at the major faiths and religions worldwide, it is reassuring to see that most of them encourage donation. However, there is also scepticism amongst some of them, often relating to the concept of brain death and/or the processes surrounding death itself. It is worthwhile for transplant teams to be broadly aware of the issues and also to be mindful of resources for counselling. We believe that increased awareness of these issues within the transplant community will enable us to discuss these openly with patients, if they so wish.

关键词： Organ donation Transplantation religion

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religion and China’s Public Diplomacy in the Era of Globalization

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2015年第4期9卷 14-35,I0002页

作者： XU Yihua Department of International Politics Fudan University

Since the end of the cold war,especially since the 9/11,religion’s importance has risen sharply in international relations.It has already become an inevitable and important factor in the strategic considerations of national security and foreign policy in various countries.Therefore,in their considerations for foreign and strategic relations,public diplomacy associated with national religious image,or the so-called religious public diplomacy(faith diplomacy),which depends on their own religions and religious groups as the chief carrier,connecting foreign religious organizations and believers as the main object,and largely concerning about religion and relevant issues,is also gradually rising.This article argues that currently religious groups,academia and the government together constitute the main framework of China’s religious public diplomacy,and gradually form a pattern of divisions in which religious groups can implement programs,academia offer recommendations and suggestions,and governments coordinate;and,that the three sectors share resources,work together and have positive interaction to significantly promote religious public diplomacy of the country.

关键词： Globalization religion Public Diplomacy Religious

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religion与宗教:分析范畴与本土概念

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世界宗教文化 2010年第5期 11-18页

作者：彭牧北京师范大学文学院民俗学与文化人类学所

我国古代并无相当于现代意义的religion一词。"宗教"的现代含义来自日语借词。religion的现代意义是17、18世纪西方社会日益了解异文化的结果。源于基督教背景,religion被界定为以信仰为核心的信仰与仪式的二元组合,由此确立宗教研究的... 详细信息

我国古代并无相当于现代意义的religion一词。"宗教"的现代含义来自日语借词。religion的现代意义是17、18世纪西方社会日益了解异文化的结果。源于基督教背景,religion被界定为以信仰为核心的信仰与仪式的二元组合,由此确立宗教研究的基本范式。但在中国宗教研究中,此一理论研究范式亦显出诸多困境。本文通过初步梳理比较religion、宗教、道等概念范畴在西方和中国的话语史,探讨理解中国宗教实践新的理论出发点与可能性。

关键词： religion 宗教本土概念分析范畴

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How Could a Global Ethic Be Grounded on a Religious Foundation?

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2022年第2期15卷 247-258页

作者： Qingping Liu Fudan Institute for Advanced Study in Social Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Through a case analysis of Christianity and Confucianism,this essay argues that if the world’s religions genuinely hope to establish a global ethic by jointly affirming some irrevocable and unconditional ethical directives,each on the basis of their own religious grounds,they should trust in their specific ultimate realities in a universalistic way instead of in a particularistic way;that is,they may not place these ultimate realities above the bottom-line moral principle“respecting everyone’s deserved rights”absolutely,but must assign a prior position to the latter and integrate it with their trust in their specific ultimate realities through a critical self-transformation.

关键词： Global ethics Christianity Confucianism religion Morality

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Separation of State and religion:The East Asian Model and The Middle East

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2021年第2期15卷 159-171页

作者： Yitzhak Shichor The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel

East Asia(the post-Confucian countries)is by far more advanced than the Middle East,primarily in terms of better education,leadership quality and population control-for which East Asia ranks at the top of the world’s list(and the Middle East at the bottom).In an attempt to trace the origins of this gap,this article concentrates on one issue:the separation between state and religion.Whereas East Asia is the most irreligious region in the world(not in the sense that there is no religion but in the sense that religion is not allowed to institutionalize)but in the sense that the civilian and secular government is always above the clergy.On the other hand,the Middle East is not only the most religious region in the world but is also involves in the government and occasionally controls it,blocks all attempts at reform,and leads to lagging far behind East Asia.Given this situation,and fast population growth,change is unlikely.

关键词： State religion education demography leadership

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Warlords’Rainmaking:religion,Science,and Legitimating Governance in Early Republican China

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Frontiers of History in China 2020年第4期15卷 520-551页

作者： Xia Shi Division of Social Science New College of FloridaSarasotaFL 34243USA

This article uses case studies to examine the rainmaking activities of provincial military governors during a historical period when a decentralized China suffered from frequent droughts.On the one hand,it analyzes why their rainmaking has been interpreted in a very negative light and demonstrates that progressive intellectuals writing in the Republican-era(1912—49)print media were crucial to fostering misunderstandings of the rainmaking activities of these“warlords”as superstitious and backward.On the other hand,it argues that public ceremonies of praying for rain served as a crucial venue for the military governors to perform their local authority and make a claim to political legitimacy.Some of them pursued efficacy by all possible means,including experimenting with Western“scientific”rainmaking techniques of concussion and fire,which suggests that their rainmaking efforts were not merely a utilization of traditionalism,but drew from a complex and eclectic rainmaking culture emerged in early twentieth-century China.In an age when truly effective weather modification methods had not yet been discovered,the highly visible public rainmaking activities of warlords,regardless of results,constituted an integral and important dimension of their local governance,particularly in desperate times,amidst prolonged and severe droughts when popular feeling was unsettled and volatile.

关键词： warlords rainmaking religion science legitimacy Republican China

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