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Temperature modifies activity, inter-individual relationships and group structure in a fish

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Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 175-183页

作者： Tatiana COLCHEN Fabrice TELETCHEA Pascal FONTAINE Alain PASQUET Université de Lorraine Unité de Recherche Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux USC INRA 340 F-54506 Vandceuvre-Iès-Nancy Cedex 09 France CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research) Délégation Régionale Centre Est. 17 Rue Notre Dame des Pauvres F-54500 Vandceuvre-Iès-Nancy France

A host of abiotic factors modify fish social behavior. However, few studies have characterized the effects of temperature on behavior. In this study, brown trout fry were reared at 5 different temperatures (4°C, 6°C, 8°C, 10°C, and 12°C). In order to characterize group structure, 3 behavioral parameters were investigated: group social structure (based on inter-individual distances), inter-individual relationships (based on physical contacts), and individual activity. These behavioral parameters were studied at the emergence stage, which corresponds to a switch from a social gregarious life in the gravel to a solitary one in the water column. Data analysis showed that the inter-individual distances increased with increasing temperature, particularly the nearest neighbor distance. The mean number of physical contacts between fry increased at both low and high temperatures. At high temperatures, most fry moved apart from each other after a physical contact. Swimming activity decreased at both the lower and upper temperatures (18% of activity at 4°C, 38% at 8°C, and 12% at 12°C). This study showed that temperature modifies brown trout fry activity, inter-individual relationships, and social behavior, which all affect group cohesion before emergence and can influence their survival and dispersal.

关键词： early development emergence freshwater species group structure relationships

A study of indentation scaling relationships of elastic-perfectly plastic solids with an inclusion near the conical indenter tip

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第5期62卷 721-728页

作者： YU ZhiJie WEI YueGuang Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science College of Engineering Peking University

Indentation hardness is found to be related to indentation depth when indentation test is applied on homogeneous materials under small indentation depth, which shows strong size effect in the indentation. While in contrast, indentation hardness has a very limited relationship with indentation depth when it is large, showing distinct scaling relationships between hardness and material properties. Previous studies on scaling relationships under deep indentation condition of elastic-perfectly plastic homogeneous materials have been carried out systematically by finite element analysis. In this paper, a heterogeneous material, particlereinforced matrix composite is detailed studied to investigate its scaling relationships under deep indentation with different particle positions and material properties by finite element analysis.

关键词： conical indentation elastic-perfect plastic grain composite scaling relationships

On quantitative structure-activity relationships between hydrazine derivatives and β irradiation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第5期29卷 36-43页

作者： Ling-Yu Wang Yan Wang Da-Qing Cui Song-Tao Xiao Xiao-Dong Liu Ying-Gen OuYang Cong Huang Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China 123

In this study, solutions of hydrazine and its derivatives were irradiated using a pulsed electron beam to determine the half-reaction time of radiolysis. 3 D structures of the hydrazine derivatives were optimized, and their energies were calculated using density functional theory with the B3 LYP method and 6-311 +(3 d, 3 p) basis set.For the first time, the 3 D quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR) equation describing the relationship between the hydrazine derivative structures and rate of radiolysis has been established using SPSS software.Pearson correlation analysis revealed a close correlation between the total energies of the molecules and half-reaction times. In the QSAR equation, Y =-7583.464 +54.687 X_1+94333.586 X_2,Y,X_1,and X_2 are the half-reaction time, total energy of the molecule, and orbital transition energy, respectively. The significance levels of the regression coefficients were 0.006 and 0.031, i.e., both less than 0.05. Thus, this model fully explains the relationship between hydrazine derivatives and β radiolysis stability.The results show that the total energy of the molecule and orbital transition energy are the main factors that influence the β radiolysis stability of these hydrazine derivatives.

关键词： Hydrazine derivatives βIrradiation Radiolysis stability Quantitative structure–activity relationships

Identification of Transcription Regulatory relationships in Diabetic Nephropathy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第23期131卷 2886-2890页

作者： Jing-Song Shi Dan-Dan Qiu Wei-Bo Le Hui Wang Shen Li Yin-Hui Lu Song Jiang National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases Research Institute of NephrologyJinling HospitalNanjing University School of MedicineNanjingJiangsu 210016China

To the Editor:Diabetic nephropathy (DN)is the leading cause of chronic renal diseases and accounts for almost 50% of all end-stage renal diseases worldwide.The prevalence of DN increased significantly after 2010in China.[1,2] DN is clinically characterized by proteinuria and morphological and ultrastructural changes in the kidney.The pathogenesis of DN is multifactorial and extremely complex,including hyperglycemia,transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1,angiotensin Ⅱ,DNA methylation,chromatin histone modification,microRNAs,and long noncoding RNAs.

关键词： Transcription Regulatory relationships Diabetic Nephropathy

Updating conventional soil maps by mining soil–environment relationships from individual soil polygons

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第2期18卷 265-278页

作者： CHENG Wei ZHU A-xing QIN Cheng-zhi QI Feng State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of EducationNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023P.R.China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023P.R.China Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA School of Environmental and Sustainability Sciences Kean UniversityUnion 07083USA

Conventional soil maps contain valuable knowledge on soil–environment relationships.Such knowledge can be extracted for use when updating conventional soil maps with improved environmental data.Existing methods take all polygons of the same map unit on a map as a whole to extract the soil–environment relationship.Such approach ignores the difference in the environmental conditions represented by individual soil polygons of the same map unit.This paper proposes a method of mining soil–environment relationships from individual soil polygons to update conventional soil maps.The proposed method consists of three major steps.Firstly,the soil–environment relationships represented by each individual polygon on a conventional soil map are extracted in the form of frequency distribution curves for the involved environmental covariates.Secondly,for each environmental covariate,these frequency distribution curves from individual polygons of the same soil map unit are synthesized to form the overall soil–environment relationship for that soil map unit across the mapped area.And lastly,the extracted soil–environment relationships are applied to updating the conventional soil map with new,improved environmental data by adopting a soil land inference model(SoLIM)framework.This study applied the proposed method to updating a conventional soil map of the Raffelson watershed in La Crosse County,Wisconsin,United States.The result from the proposed method was compared with that from the previous method of taking all polygons within the same soil map unit on a map as a whole.Evaluation results with independent soil samples showed that the proposed method exhibited better performance and produced higher accuracy.

关键词： update conventional soil map soil–environment relationships knowledge extraction individual soil polygons

Exercise,cognitive function, and the brain:Advancing our understanding of complex relationships

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第4期8卷 299-300页

作者： Jennifer L.Etnier Yu-Kai Chang Department of Kinesiology University of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboroNC27413USA Department of Physical Education National Taiwan Normal UniversityTaipei 10610TaiwanChina

In recent years,scientists have shown a growing interest in the relationship between exercise,cognitive function,and the brain.The growing body of evidence supporting positive relationships is evidenced by the first mention of the beneficial effects of exercise on cognitive function appearing in the 9th edition of the American College of Sports Medicine's guidelines published in 2014.1 The strength of this evidence is further confirmed by recommendations relative to the benefits of exercise for cognitive performance and mental health being included in the 2nd edition of the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans,a landmark policy statement released by the U.S.Department of Health and Human Services.

关键词： complex relationships first mention beneficial effects

GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE SUB-SOLIDUS PHASE relationships IN THE RECIPROCAL SALT SYSTEM Si, Al, Y/N, O

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Science China Mathematics 1992年第7期35卷 877-888页

作者：孙维莹严东生田增英 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Academia Sinica Shanghai 200050 PRC

This is a paper for the sub-solidus phase relationships in the full system Si3N4-A1NAl2O3-SiO2-Y2O3-YN. Within this system there exist seventy-six compatibility tetrahedra.

关键词： phase relationships Si Al Y/N O system Si3N4 α’-Sialon β’-Sialon.

PHASE relationships IN QUASI-SYSTEMS R_2O_3-AlN-Al_2O_3(R=Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm)

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Science China Mathematics 1991年第1期34卷 105-115页

作者：孙维莹严东生 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Academia Sinica Shanghai 200050 PRC

The subsolidus phase relationships in the systems R2O3-AlN-Al2O3 （R=Ce, Pr, Nd.and Sm） and the isothermal section at 1700℃ of the Nd2O3-AlN-Al2O3 system have beendetermined. A nitrogen-containing R-β-alumina phase RAl12O18N has been identified. Theformation of the β-alumina phase occurring at both the compositions RAl12O18N and R2O3·11Al2O3 was explored in a series of light rare-earth systems. Single-phase N-containing β-aluminas can be obtained with the compositions RAl12O18N （R=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, andEu）. However, La, Ce, Pr and Eu can also form β-alumina phase as the main phase at thecompositions of R2O3·11Al2O3, which form continuous solid solutions with RAl12O18N. Theunit cell dimensions of RAl12O18N have been determined to be α=5.557 （A） and c=22.00 （A） and there appears no deviation among the different R-β-aluminas （R=Ce→Sm）that can be detected. At 1700℃, an extensive liquid region exists in the triangle Nd2O3-Nd2AlO3N-NdAlO3.

关键词： phase relationships rare earth oxides AlN Al2O3.

The Role of relationships with Teachers in Adolescent Development among a National Sample of Chinese Urban Adolescents

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应用心理学 2001年第2期7卷 3-10页

作者： DONGQi CHENChuan-sheng BeijingNormalUniversity geijing100875 UniversityofCalifornia IrvineCAUSA）

A nationally representative sample of 1640 Chinese urban adolescents (mean age=14.5 years) and their parents and teachers were surveyed to examine the associations between relationships with teachers and parents and adolescents' developmental outcomes such as academic performance, psychological well-being, altruistic behaviors, and misconduct. Results showed that the quality of adolescents' relationships with teachers was highly correlated with adolescent outcomes, in most cases more so than for relationships with parents. Furthermore, such associations were the same across both genders and three grade levels. These findings suggest that teachers may play an especially significant role in Chinese adolescent development. This study adds to the small but growing literature on the importance of teachers as well as other non-parental adults in adolescent psychosocial development.

关键词： teacher-student relationships adolescent development Chinese adolescents