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Mapping and measuring urban-rural inequalities in accessibility to social infrastructures

Geography and sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 41-51页

作者： Chenmeng Guo Weiqi Zhou Chuanbao Jing Dawa Zhaxi State Key Laboratory of Urban and regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Urban Ecosystem Research Station Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

Equal access to social infrastructures is a fundamental prerequisite for sustainable development,but has long been a great challenge *** studies have primarily focused on the accessibility to social infras-tructures in urban areas across various scales,with less attention to rural areas,where inequality can be more ***,few have investigated the disparities of accessibility to social infrastructures between urban and rural ***,using the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration,China,as an example,we investigated the inequality of accessibility in both urban and rural areas,and further compared the urban-rural *** was measured by travel time of residents to *** selected four types of social infrastructures including supermarkets,bus stops,primary schools,and health care,which were funda-mentally important to both urban and rural *** found large disparities in accessibility between urban and rural areas,ranging from 20 min to 2 *** residents had to spend one to two more hours to bus stops than urban residents,and 20 min more to the other three types of ***,accessibility to multiple infrastructures showed greater urban-rural *** residents in more than half of the towns had no access to any infrastructure within 15 min,while more than 60%of the urban residents could access to all infrastructures within 15 *** results revealed quantitative accessibility gap between urban and rural areas and underscored the necessity of social infrastructures planning to address such disparities.

关键词： Accessibility Social infrastructures Urban-rural difference Inequality regional sustainability

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The Effects of Natural Capital Protection on Pastoralist's Livelihood and Management Implication in the Source Region of the Yellow River, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第5期10卷 885-897页

作者： Fang Yi-ping Institute of Mountain Hazards& Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

The interaction among different livelihood capitals is a key to generate a deeper understanding of the livelihood *** this paper,we use net income per capita(economic capital),meat and milk production per capita(physical capital),and areas of fenced pasture,livestock shelter,grassland rodent control and planted grassland(physical capital) as proxy indicators of livelihood promotion,livelihood provision,and livelihood protection *** developing a correlation model between pastoralists' livelihood protection and improvement,we found that(1) there is a statistically significant correlation between the pastoralists' livelihood protection and promotion;(2) based on the maximum effect of pastoralists' livelihood promotion and provision,there is a benchmark in the effect of the intervention intensity of livelihood capital(grassland resource protection) on livelihood improvement;(3) on basis of two indicators,*** income per capita and meat production per capita,the reasonable scales of fenced pasture,livestock shelter and planted grassland are less than 843,860 and 46 thousand hectares(hm2) per year *** the marginal effect of livelihood protection,moderately decreased areas of fenced pasture and planted grassland,and increased area of livestock shelter is a critical to ensure pastoralist's livelihood sustainability.

关键词： regional sustainability Natural capitalprotection Pastoralist's livelihood Source Region ofthe Yellow River

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