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Hub-and-Spoke System in Air Transportation and Its Implications to regional economic development——A Case Study of United States

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Chinese Geographical Science 2006年第3期16卷 211-216页

作者： SONG Wei MA Yanji Department of Geography ＆ Geosciences University of Louisville Louisville KY 40292 USA Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China

Considerable changes have taken place in commercial passenger air transport since the enactment of the 1978 Airline Deregulation Act in the US and the deregulation of airline networks that has occurred elsewhere. The commercial and operational freedoms have led most of the larger carriers to develop hub-and-spoke networks, within which certain cities or metropolitan areas emerge as key nodes possessing tremendous advantages over other locations in the air transport system. This paper examines the nature of hub-and-spoke operations in air transportation services, and the benefits that accrue to a city or geographical region that is host to an airline hub. In particular, it looks into linkages between the air service hub and local economic development. Four potential types of impact of airports on the regional economy are defined and discussed. As an example, the assessment of the economic impacts of Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky International Airport (CVG), a major Delta Airlines hub, is introduced.

关键词： Hub-and-Spoke System air transportation regional economic development

Education Investment Fixed Asset Investment and regional economic development Differences--Empirical analysis based on Chinese

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Proceedings of Business and economic Studies 2020年第6期3卷 61-67页

作者： Shiyu Han Beijing 21^st Century Inteniational School Beijing 100000China

In this article,it discusses the di£ferences in economic development between urban and rural areas and regions in our country from the perspective of education investment and fixed asset *** on the provincial data of 31 provinces from 1999 to 2017 released by National Bureau of Statistics,it expends the Cobb-Douglas model and Lucas model,and analyses the data with multiple linear regression *** the study,it finds that compared with investment in fixed assets,investment in education has a larger role in promoting economic development,which is more obvious in the underdeveloped central and western regions and rural ***,at the same time it needs to note that the positive effects of education investment will be restricted by the economic structure and policy environment,and education expenditure policies should also be implemented in accordance with time and local conditions.

关键词： Education investment Fixed asset investment regional economic development Multiple linear regression analysis

Explore the impact of e-commerce network on development of regional economic

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International Journal of Technology Management 2014年第12期 13-14页

作者： Maarina Inner Mongolia Business & Trade Vocational College 010070 China

In the era of rapid development of the Intemet, people began to adapt to the huge growth of the Internet to facilitate people＇ s daily lives, people have been accustomed to staying at home and can easily enjoy the convenience and needs of life to achieve quick and easy lifestyle. The advent of the Internet age also become more virtual to business models, and now the development of enterprises has involved the application of e-commerce technology, the company＇ s business model combines network through electronic technology to some extent, and it made great adjustments and changes in order to deal with the new face of increasingly fierce competition in the market. Thus a new term：＂E-commerce＂ is well known and accepted as more and more people. A regional economic development need of the residents＇ daily consumption is driven, so local governments need to focus on the various steady development of local small and medium enterprises. Therefore, the development of electronic commerce network technology can indirectly affect a region＇ s economic development. This paper discusses this issue.

关键词： e-commerce model Network IT regional economic development

Analysis of economic impacts of the Hangzhou－Ningbo expressway

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Journal of Zhejiang University Science 2003年第4期4卷 454-462页

作者：刘南 CollegeofManagement ZhefiangUniversityHangzhou310027China

This paper presents an analysis of the effects of the Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway (in Zhejiang Province of the People' s Republic of China) on the region' s economic development. An econometric model shows the estimated contributions attributable to the expressway have increased year by year. And statistical data indicate that the Hangzhou-Ningbo Expressway has promoted to some extent the region's economic devel-opment in various aspects.

关键词： Expressway regional economic development Econometric model

A synthetic differencein-differences model for the influence of CR Express on Chongqing's economy

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Railway Sciences 2024年第3期3卷 295-310页

作者： Rong Zhang Qi Li School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Transportation Planning China Railway Design CorporationTianjinChina

Purpose-The China-Europe Railway Express(CR Express)in Chongqing has operated regularly and undergone large-scale *** impact on Chongqing's economic growth has become increasingly evident,necessitating further research in this ***/methodology/approach-This study employs the opening of CR Express as a quasi-natural experiment,designating Chongqing,which inaugurated the CR Express in 2011,as the treatment group.13 provinces and cities that had not yet opened the CR Express until 2017 were selected as the control *** panel data from 14 provinces across China spanning from 2006 to 2017,the synthetic control method(SCM)is employed to synthetically construct *** quantify the difference in economic development levels between Chongqing with the operation of the CR express and Chongqing without its *** metrics such as gross domestic product(GDP),per capita GDP,total retail sales of consumer goods,import and export value and the proportions of the secondary and tertiary industries are employed to measure urban economic development *** is designated as the experimental group,and a double-difference model is constructed to regress the operation of the CR Express against economic development *** tests are conducted to validate the analytical ***-The results indicate that,compared to provinces without the operation of the CR Express,the initiation of the CR Express in Chongqing significantly enhances the economic development level of the *** opening of the CR Express exhibits a pronounced positive impact on Chongqing's economic development,and these findings remain robust and effective even after parallel trend tests and placebo ***-The study represents an expansion of the theoretical *** contrast to previous studies that relied on a single indicator such as GDP,this study selects six indicators from the dimensions of economy,trade and industry

关键词： CR Express regional economic development Synthetic model Difference-indifferences method Papertype Research paper

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中国区域经济发展“三维演化”框架研究

区域与城市经济 2020年第9期

作者：孙久文张静

区域经济的健康可持续增长和发展是国民经济健康发展的重要支撑，但如何实现区域经济的发展至今还没有形成较完整的框架。基于演化思想和中国区域经济发展的实践总结构建的由政府、产业、资源三者独立演化同时又互相影响的中国区域经济... 详细信息

区域经济的健康可持续增长和发展是国民经济健康发展的重要支撑，但如何实现区域经济的发展至今还没有形成较完整的框架。基于演化思想和中国区域经济发展的实践总结构建的由政府、产业、资源三者独立演化同时又互相影响的中国区域经济发展的“三维演化”模型，试图阐释中国区域经济演化的基本规律，并对区域经济发展提出相关建议。

关键词：区域经济发展区域经济增长三维演化 regional economic development regional economic growth Three-Dimensional Evolution

国有大型企业网络变化及对区域经济发展的影响

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工业经济 1999年第9期

作者：张晓平

本文采用企业跟踪调查法，结合中国一拖的案例研究，对改革开放以来大型国有企业的网络变化进行了深入分析。同时探讨了企业网络变化对区域经济发展产生的影响。

关键词：国有大型企业企业网络网络空间变化区域经济发展 large state-owned enterprise enterprise networks spatial change of networks regional economic development

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基于共生理论的区域经济合作机理研究

城市经济、区域经济 2007年第10期

作者：冷志明张合平

本文基于区域经济合作的内涵及目标，引入种群生态学中的共生理论，剖析其在区域经济合作中的适用性，将参与区域经济合作的各方作为具有复杂相关关系的生态有机种群，进而通过分析区域经济合作的共生单元、共生模式、共生环境和共生界... 详细信息

本文基于区域经济合作的内涵及目标，引入种群生态学中的共生理论，剖析其在区域经济合作中的适用性，将参与区域经济合作的各方作为具有复杂相关关系的生态有机种群，进而通过分析区域经济合作的共生单元、共生模式、共生环境和共生界面，从一个全新的角度，提出区域经济合作的运作机理和对策。

关键词：共生理论种群生态学区域经济合作机理 symbiosis theory population ecology regional economic development mechanism

演化经济地理视角下的经济复杂度与区域经济发展研究进展

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地理 2022年第2期

作者：任卓然贺灿飞王文宇

经济复杂度是近年来演化经济地理学的重要议题之一，其关注产业结构转型和内生增长路径，有助于理解区域经济结构转型过程，对经济地理学、发展经济学等理论深化具有重要作用。论文介绍了经济复杂度的理论背景，梳理了演化经济地理视角... 详细信息

经济复杂度是近年来演化经济地理学的重要议题之一，其关注产业结构转型和内生增长路径，有助于理解区域经济结构转型过程，对经济地理学、发展经济学等理论深化具有重要作用。论文介绍了经济复杂度的理论背景，梳理了演化经济地理视角下经济复杂度的内涵、概念及理论框架，在此基础上回顾了经济复杂度的主流测度方法，并基于产业多样化与产品空间理论探究了经济复杂度与区域经济发展的作用机制，进而回顾了经济复杂度对区域经济增长、区域收入差异和创新等方面的实证研究进展，发现绝大多数文献证明了经济复杂度对区域经济发展的积极作用。区域可以从提升产品空间密度的思路出发，通过提升产业生产和创新能力促进区域经济复杂度提升。中国经济复杂度高于相同收入水平的其他国家，发展路径具有一定特殊性，这为经济复杂度理论研究提供了案例，且在实践中具有较强的政策含义。

关键词：经济复杂度演化经济地理产品空间区域经济发展 economic complexity evolutionary economic geography product space regional economic development