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Monitoring Passive Transfer of Immunity in Neonatal Calves by Measuring Levels of IgG in Blood Using Immunoassay Method and refractometer Measures of Serum and Colostrum

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2019年第12期9卷 194-201页

作者： Osman A. Hameed Hussam Mustafa Abdul Fatah M. Ahmed Mohamed Khidr Taha Central Veterinary Laboratory Khartoum Sudan Sharge Elnile Colleague of Laboratory Science Khartoum Sudan Nyala University of Veterinary Science Nyala Sudan Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Khartoum University Khartoum Sudan

IgG Check calf test has been used in this study to identify if a failure of passive transfer occurs in neonatal calves by measuring the level of IgG in blood. An adequate level of IgG measured in all calves at 48 hours, 7 days and 14 days after birth showed level of IgG 1000 mg/dl. This level indicated that they have good passive transfer of immunity. Also, in this study colostrum quality fed to calves was detected using Brix refractometer. The colostrum is of high quality as it contains 50 mg/ml of IgG. This Brix refractometer can be used on the farm level to estimate colostrum IgG content and monitoring colostrum feeding practices. Colostrum with high quality IgG could provide calves with enough IgG to attain successful passive transfer of immunity. Brix and Obione refractometers provide simple, rapid method for estimating IgG concentration on calf serum, thus considered to be the most common method for determining passive transfer failure.

关键词： Colostrum Passive Immunity Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Failure of Transfer Immunity (FTPI) Radial Immunodiffusion (RID) Turbidimetric Immunoassay (TA) refractometer (REF) Brix refractometer (Brix) Obione refractometer (Obione) IgG Check Calf Immunoassay High Quality Colostrum Inadequate Transfer of Passive Immunity (ITPI)

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Comparison of Sugar Content in Bottled 100% Fruit Juice versus Extracted Juice of Fresh Fruit

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第11期3卷 1509-1513页

作者： Jasmine Y. Serpen Southview High School Sylvania USA.

This paper presents findings of an experiment for the comparison of sugar concentration in extracted juice of fresh fruit to that of commercially-bottled 100% fruit juice with a “no sugar added” attribute. The goal of the study was to determine if the sugar content of bottled 100% fruit juice with a “no sugar added” label is equivalent to that of extracted juices of fresh fruits. The reported study was performed to address the potential concern that commercially-bottled 100% fruit juices with “no sugar added” may contain higher sugar content than extracted juice of fresh fruit. The fruit juices that were tested included apple, grapefruit, orange, pineapple, pomegranate, red grape and white grape. All bottled juices and fresh fruits were purchased in Toledo, Ohio, USA during the winter of 2012. The fresh fruits were juiced and three samples were tested for sugar concentration using a Brix refractometer. The same testing protocol was also applied to the bottled 100% fruit juice. Application of the Mann-Whitney test on the experimental data demonstrated no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). The results suggested that the sugar content in the commercially bottled 100% fruit juice with the “no sugar added” label is an accurate representation of sugar content in the freshly-extracted juice of the corresponding fruit.

关键词： Sugar Content Analysis Bottled Juice Fresh Fruit Juice 100% Juice Label Brix refractometer

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