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Improved crop protection and biodiversity of the agroecosystem by reduced tillage in rice paddy ffelds in southern China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第8期21卷 2345-2356页

作者： LU Qi-qi SONG Yuan-feng PAN Ke-qing LI Yun TANG Ming-xin ZHONG Guo-hua LIU Jie Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of Education/South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510640P.R.China

Agricultural sustainability has benefited from the broad adoption of conservation agriculture(CA)practices for decades,in which the reduction of mechanical disturbances to soil(also known as reduced tillage,RT)is one of the most essential principles for CA *** studies have recommended the advantages of CA practices in the promotion of biodiversity,but the integrated impacts on crop productivity and biodiversity remain *** CA has been applied in rice production in the subtropical area of southern China for several years,the effects of CA,particularly the RT methods,need to be evaluated for the local and long-term *** this study,we established an integrated network to illustrate how the reduction of tillage intensity influenced organisms including invertebrates(such as rice pests and their predators),pathogens and weeds,and then led to an impact on rice *** two-year study demonstrated that major rice pests,such as rice planthoppers,stem borers and apple snails,were effectively controlled by RT ***,the occurrence of common diseases declined with less *** to the conventional tillage(CT)treatment,the density of weeds in paddy fields deceased significantly in the RT *** addition,the diversity and richness of pest predators increased remarkably in paddy fields where either reduced or no tillage was applied,which highlighted the significance of a CA strategy for the promotion of biodiversity in the *** importantly,the rice yield gradually increased after the two-year reduction of *** together,our results suggest that the reduction of tillage intensity is beneficial for the protection of rice crops from various pests,and facilitates the sustainability of the agroecosystem and rice yield,which provides a solid basis and novel insights for the establishment of sustainable agroecosystems by CA-related practices in rice production in southern China.

关键词： conservation agriculture reduced tillage biodiversity pest control sustainable agriculture

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The main physical properties of planosol in maize(Zea mays L.) cultivation under different long-term reduced tillage practices in the Baltic region

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第7期14卷 1309-1320页

作者： K?stutis Romaneckas Egidijus ?arauskis Dovil? Avi?ienyt? Sidona Buragien? David Arney Institute of Agrosystems and Soil Sciences Aleksandras Stulginskis University Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety Aleksandras Stulginskis University Department of Nutrition and Animal Products Quality Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences

The impact of sustainable reduced tillage （RT） on the physical properties of soil is well documented worldwide; however, there is no precise information about the influence of long-term RT or no-till （NT） on the soils at the boundary for grain maize-growing in the semi-humid subarctic climate conditions of the Baltic states, especially on the formation of a hard- ened upper soil layer （10-15 cm in depth） --＂loosening hardpan＂. This study was carried out at the Research Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Lithuania from 2009-2012. The investigations were based on a long-term （since 1988） field experiment. The aim of the investigation was to ascertain the influence of reduced primary tillage on the main soil＇s physical properties. This study examined soils that were deep ploughing （DP）, shallow ploughing （SP）, deep cultivation （DC）, shallow cultivation （SC）, and no-till （NT）. Reducing the tillage intensity to NT had no significant effect on the structural soil＇s composition; however, the stability of the structure of the 〉1 and 〉0.25 mm-size fractions was significantly higher in the non-reversibly tilled （DC, SC） and NT plots. The penetration resistance of the DP soils was less after primary tillage and wintering, and became similar to the NT plots at the end of the maize growth season. After primary tillage and wintering, the soil moisture content in the upper soil layer （0-5 cm depth） of the NT plots was 17-49 and 16-18% higher than that in the DP. Long-term reduction of primary tillage up to NT generally had no significant effect on the moisture content and soil bulk density of the 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers. The results showed that long-term RT stabilized the physical quality of soil. Less soil penetration resistance was established in the DP plots compared to both RT and NT, however, indicators of the formation of a uniform ＂loosening hardpan＂ layer were not found. It is summarized that long-term RT or NT systems stabilize, or may increase, the physical

关键词： bulk density maize moisture content penetration resistance reduced tillage soil aggregation

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Soybean Response to Weed Residues in the Soil

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 801-811页

作者： Dwayne D. Joseph Michael W. Marshall Matthew Cutulle Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Edisto Research and Education Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA Coastal Research and Education Center Clemson University Charleson SC USA

Soybean production systems that return plant residues to the soil surface are gaining in popularity. As these practices become more widespread, more crop and weed residues are being introduced into the upper soil profile. Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the effects of varying concentrations of Palmer amaranth and pitted morningglory plant residues (aboveground portion of the plant) on soybean production. The study was arranged in a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and five replications. Palmer amaranth and pitted morningglory residues were incorporated into soil at 20,000, 40,000, 80,000 and 160,000 ppm. Inert plastic residue at the same residue levels was included as a check. Soybean dry weight, leaf area and leaf tissue nutrient content were recorded during the study. A decrease in soybean dry weight and leaf area was observed as Palmer amaranth residue in the soil increased. Palmer amaranth residues of 160,000 ppm and 80,000 ppm in the soil significantly reduced soybean dry weight by 69% and 59%, respectively, and soybean leaf area by 60% and 57%, respectively. In contrast, pitted morningglory and inert plastic residues had no observable effect on soybean growth and development. This study demonstrated Palmer amaranth residues in the soil impacted early season soybean growth and development.

关键词： reduced tillage Plant Residues Allelopathy Glycine max L.

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tillage and crop management impacts on soil loss and crop yields in northwestern Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第1期10卷 75-85页

作者： Fekremariam Asargew Mihretie Atsushi Tsunekawa Nigussie Haregeweyn Enyew Adgo Mitsuru Tsubo Kindiye Ebabu Tsugiyuki Masunaga Birhanu Kebede Derege Tsegaye Meshesha Wataru Tsuji Muluken Bayable Mulatu Liyew Berihun The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Tottori University4-101 Koyama-MinamiTottori680-8553Japan Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute P.O.Box527Bahir DarEthiopia Arid Land Research Center Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 1289Bahir DarEthiopia Faculty of Life and Environmental Science Shimane UniversityShimaneJapan Faculty of Civil and Water Resource Engineering Bahir Dar Institute of TechnologyBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box252Bahir DarEthiopia Faculty of Agriculture Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan

Lack of appropriate agronomic practices is one of the major causes for soil erosion and low yields in teff(Eragrostis tef[Zucc.])production in Ethiopia.A 3-yr study was conducted at the Aba Gerima watershed in northwestern Ethiopia,to investigate the effects of two tillage practices(reduced tillage[RT]and conventional tillage[CT]),two planting methods(row planting[RP]and broadcast planting[BP]),and two compaction options(with[+T]and without[-T]trampling)on soil loss and teff yields in a split-split plot *** concentration ranged from 0.01 to 5.37 g L^(-1)(mean,0.25 g L^(-1))in our ***,the estimated total(August-October)soil loss ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 t ha^(-1)(mean,0.3 t ha^(-1)).The sediment concentration and total soil loss were significantly influenced(Ptillage,planting methods,and trampling only in the third monitoring *** reduced soil loss by 19% relative to that of CT,whereas RP resulted in a 13%reduction in soil loss over ***-T plots showed a 15%reduction in soil loss as compared to+T *** revealed significant increase in soil total carbon and nitrogen in RT *** soil loss and greater teff grain yield were obtained in plots with improved agronomic practices(RT and RP)compared to conventional ones(CT and BP).Based on our findings we conclude that the use of RT,RP,and-T practices can effectively minimize soil loss without any crop yield penalty.

关键词： Drought-resistance Grain yield reduced tillage Row planting Soil erosion Teff

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Potential Effect of Conservation tillage on Sustainable Land Use: A Review of Global Long-Term Studies

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Pedosphere 2006年第5期16卷 587-595页

作者： WANG Xiao-Bin CAI Dian-Xiong W.B.HOOGMOED O.OENEMA U.D.PERDOK State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 （China） Farm Technology Group Wageningen University P. O. Box 17 6700 AA Wageningen （The Netherlands） Soil Quality Group Wageningen University P.O.Box 8005 6700 EC Wageningen （The Netherlands）

Although understood differently in different parts of the world, conservation tillage usually includes leaving crop residues on the soil surface to reduce tillage. Through a global review of long-term conservation tillage research, this paper discusses the long-term effect of conservation tillage on sustainable land use, nutrient availability and crop yield response. Research has shown several potential benefits associated with conservation tillage, such as potential carbon sequestration, nutrient availability, and yield response. This research would provide a better perspective of the role of soil conservation tillage and hold promise in promoting application of practical technologies for dryland farming systems in China.

关键词： conservation tillage no-till reduced tillage residue management

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Genotype×tillage interaction and the performance of winter bread wheat genotypes in temperate and cold dryland conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第11期21卷 3199-3215页

作者： Ebrahim ROOHI Reza MOHAMMADI Abdoul Aziz NIANE Javad VAFABAKHSH Mozaffar ROUSTAEE Mohammad Reza JALAL KAMALI Shahriar SOHRABI Shahriar FATEHI Hossain TARIMORADI Horticulture and Crop Science Research Department Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAgricultural ResearchEducation and Extension Organization(AREEO)Sanandaj 66169-36311Iran Dry Land Agricultural Research Institute(DARI) Sararood CampusAREEOKermanshah 67441-61377Iran International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Area(ICARDA) Dubai 13979United Arab Emirates Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAREEOMashhad 91859-86111Iran Cereal Research Department DARIAREEOMaragheh 119Iran International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Karaj 31585-4119Iran Kurdistan Jehade Agricultural Organization Sanandaj 66169-35383Iran

Growing concerns for food security and the alleviation of hunger necessitate knowledge-based crop management technologies for sustainable crop *** this study,13 winter bread wheat genotypes(old,relatively old,modern,and breeding lines)were evaluated under three different tillage systems,i.e.,conventional tillage(CT,full tillage with residue removed),reduced tillage(RT,chisel tillage with residue retained)and no-tillage(NT,no-tillage with residue retained on the soil surface)in farmer’s fields under rainfed conditions using strip-plot arrangements in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the west of Iran(Kamyaran and Hosseinabad locations)over two cropping seasons(2018–2019 and 2019–2020).The main objectives were to investigate the effects of tillage systems and growing conditions on the agronomic characteristics,grain yield and stability performance of rainfed winter bread wheat ***(Ptillage system interaction effects on grain yield and agronomic traits suggested that the genotypes responded differently to the different tillage *** number of grains per spike and plant height were positively(Ptillage *** per each tillage system,genotype“Sadra”followed by“Zargana-6//Dari 1-7 Sabalan”exhibited higher adaption to CT;while cultivars“Jam”and“Azar2”showed better performance under the RT system;and cultivars“Varan”and“Baran”tended to have better performance expression in the NT *** increased grain yields achieved in combination with lower costs and greater profits from conservation agriculture suggest that adapted cultivar and NT systems should be evaluated and promoted more widely to farmers in the west of Iran as an a

关键词： bread wheat no-tillage reduced tillage grain yield yield stability

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Conservation Agriculture in Europe

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2014年第1期2卷 91-96页

作者： Á.Kertész B.Madarász Institute of Geography Research Center for Astronomy and Earth SciencesHungarian Academy of SciencesH-1112 BudapestBudaörsiút 45Hungary

The adoption of Conservation Agriculture(CA)in Europe varies according to the ecological regions of the *** Europe is behind other countries in adoption of CA,the indicators for future progress are *** area where CA is applied is growing rapidly because of increasing environmental awareness,including soil protection,and because of the need to reduce production *** European Conservation Agriculture Federation(ECAF)plays an important role in the adoption and dissemination of CA practices,and in discussions involving CA and the EU Common Agricultural Policy(CAP)*** performance and stability,operating costs,environmental policies and programs of the Common Agricultural Policy(CAP),and climate change will likely be the major driving forces defining the direction and for the extension of CA in *** role of agriculture in climate change mitigation in the EU is discussed in the paper.

关键词： Conservation Agriculture reduced tillage No tillage Climate change mitigation CAP reform

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Distribution of soil water-stable aggrega-tes and organic carbon content affected by tillage systems:a meta-analysis

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排灌机械工程学报 2021年第10期39卷 1051-1055页

作者： LU Xingli LI Shanshan LIU Jihu DUAN Yaxin YUE Heng KANG Jianhong WU Hongliang College of Agronomy Ningxia UniversityYinchuanNingxia 750021China

A better understanding of soil carbon(C)distribution within aggregate fractions is essential to evaluating the potential of no-till for sustaining productivity and protecting the environment.A meta-analysis on 744 comparisons from 34 studies was conducted to determine the effects of three different tillage treatments(conventional mouldbould ploughing tillage(CT),reduced tillage(RT)and no tillage(NT))on water-stable aggregate size distribution,soil C concentration in aggregate *** meta-analysis indicates that compared with CT treatment,NT/RT significantly(P2.00 mm)and 5.9%-19.1%(0.25-2.00 mm),whereas NT/RT significantly reduces micro-aggregate and silt clay fractions above 20 ***/RT significantly(P0.25 mm)and micro-aggregate(tillage systems on the distribution of soil aggregate,and the content of aggregate-associated C content.

关键词： soil aggregation soil organic carbon reduced tillage soil depth

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Sprinkler Irrigation and Soil tillage Practices in Sugarcane Plantations as Influenced by Soil Texture and Water Storage in Northern Ivory Coast

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第3期7卷 293-301页

作者： Crepin B. Pene, Souleymane N'Diaye Chantal N'Guessan-Konan Department of R&D SUCAFCI/SOMDIAA Sugar Mills 33 rue des Brasseurs O1 P.O. Box 1967 Abidjan 01 Ivory Coast

Soil survey investigations were carried out in Ferk6 1 as well as Ferk6 2 sugar mills of northern Ivory Coast to determine soil texture and water storage capacity for sprinkler irrigation and tillage management. A 5-year term observation experiment on reduced tillage compared with conventional tillage was also conducted in Ferk6 1 over an irrigated cane crop of 28 ha for yield optimization purpose. Soil sampling was achieved after harvest or prior to re-plantation at five different spots along two transects over 30 cm depth in every farmland which covers about 30-40 ha with 432 m long cane rows as to get an average soil sample of 1.5-2 kg. Soil physical properties like texture and water retention curves were determined locally in the sugar company＇s soil laboratory. It came out that the majority of soils investigated was coarse-textured for about 64% in Ferk6 1 and 85% in Ferk6 2, with a lower to medium water storage capacity （70-89 mm） over 60 cm depth which corresponds to a readily available moisture less than 60 mm. Except for the sugarcane plant crop, no significant difference in cane yields resulting from tillage practices was observed over four consecutive cropping seasons. The yield decline from plant cane to first ratoon was very high under conventional tillage （-16 t/ha） compared with the reduced tillage （＋3 t/ha）. Even higher cane yield was obtained on the second ratoon （89 t/ha） compared with the conventional tillage （83 t/ha）.

关键词： Particle size distribution physical property water retention available moisture reduced tillage irrigation management.

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