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Two-phase real-time rendering method for realistic water refraction

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Virtual reality & Intelligent Hardware 2020年第2期2卷 132-141页

作者： Hongli LIU Honglei HAN Guangzheng FEI School of Animation and Digital Arts Communication University of ChinaChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100024China

Background realistic rendering has been an important g oal of several interactive applications,which requires an efficient virtual simulation of many special effects that are common in the real ***,refraction is often ignored in these *** the refraction effect is extremely complicated and *** In this study,a simple,efficient,and fast rendering technique of water refraction effects is *** technique comprises a broad and narrow *** the broad phase,the water surface is considered *** vertices of underwater meshes are transformed based on Snell's *** the narrow phase,the effects of waves on the water surface are *** pixel on the water surface mesh is collected by a screen-space method with an extra rendering *** broad phase redirects most pixels that need to be recalculated in the narrow phase to the pixels in the rendering *** We analyzed the performances of three different conventional methods and ours in rendering refraction effects for the same *** proposed method obtains higher frame rate and physical accuracy comparing with other *** is used in several game scenes,and realistic water refraction effects can be generated *** The two-phase water refraction method produces a tradeoff between efficiency and *** is easy to implement in modern game engines,and thus improve the quality of rendering scenes in video games or other real-ti me applications.

关键词： real-time rendering Refraction Liquid renderings

A survey of real-time rendering on Web3D application

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虚拟现实与智能硬件(中英文) 2023年第5期5卷 379-394页

作者： Geng YU Chang LIU Ting FANG Jinyuan JIA Enming LIN Yiqiang HE Siyuan FU Long WANG Lei WEI Qingyu HUANG Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063China Tongji University Shanghai 201804China

Background In recent years, with the rapid development of mobile Internet and Web3D technologies, a large number of web-based online 3D visualization applications have emerged. Web3D applications, including Web3D online tourism, Web3D online architecture, Web3D online education environment, Web3D online medical care, and Web3D online shopping are examples of these applications that leverage 3D rendering on the web. These applications have pushed the boundaries of traditional web applications that use text, sound, image, video, and 2D animation as their main communication media, and resorted to 3D virtual scenes as the main interaction object, enabling a user experience that delivers a strong sense of immersion. This paper approached the emerging Web3D applications that generate stronger impacts on people's lives through “real-time rendering technology”, which is the core technology of Web3D. This paper discusses all the major 3D graphics APIs of Web3D and the well-known Web3D engines at home and abroad and classify the real-time rendering frameworks of Web3D applications into different categories. Results Finally, this study analyzed the specific demand posed by different fields to Web3D applications by referring to the representative Web3D applications in each particular field. Conclusions Our survey results show that Web3D applications based on real-time rendering have in-depth sectors of society and even family, which is a trend that has influence on every line of industry.

关键词： Web3D real-time rendering Virtual reality Cloud rendering Mobile Internet

real-time rendering of algebraic B-spline surfaces via Bzier point insertion

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2014年第1期57卷 71-85页

作者： WEI FeiFei FENG JieQing State Key Laboratory of CAD & CG Zhejiang University

This paper presents a GPU-based real-time raycasting algorithm for piecewise algebraic surfaces in terms of tensor product B-splines.3DDDA and depth peeling algorithms are employed to traverse the piecewise surface patches along each *** intersection between the ray and the patch is reduced to the root-finding problem of the univariate Bernstein *** polynomial is obtained via Chebyshev sampling points *** iterative and unconditionally convergent algorithm called B′ezier point insertion is proposed to find the roots of the univariate *** B′ezier point insertion is robust and suitable for the SIMD architecture of *** results show that the proposed root-finding algorithm performs better than other root-finding algorithms,such as B′ezier clipping and B-spline knot *** rendering algorithm can display thousands of piecewise algebraic patches of degrees 6–9 in real time and can achieve the semi-transparent rendering interactively.

关键词： real-time rendering algebraic B-spline surface root finding depth peeling

real-time rendering of Large-Scale Ocean Environments

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Computer Aided Drafting,Design and Manufacturing 2015年第2期25卷 47-53页

作者： HUANG Jing-jia LI Sheng LAI Shun-nan WANG Guo-ping Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Virtual Simulation and Visualization Peking University Beida (Binhai) Information Research

Simulation and rendering of large-scale natural environments, especially the ocean, has always been one of the hot issues in computer graphics, which can provide realism for various applications such as computer game, movie and military usage. Simulation of ocean environment is often lack of realism for real-time application due to its complexity of dynamic waves. In this paper, a method based on FFT Wave model is proposed to solve this problem, which can also simulate the ocean optic property with atmosphere scattering. Furthermore, our method has a lot of advantages including global ocean dataset support, real-time, dynamic reflection of ocean, the foam on the wave, smooth transition from deep ocean to seacoast, etc. The experimental results demonstrate the realism and effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： FFT wave model real-time rendering reflection refraction foam

A Fast Ambient Occlusion Method for real-time Plant rendering

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第6期22卷 859-866页

作者：滕军 Marc Jaeger 胡包钢 LIAMA/NLPR Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences INRIA-Futurs DigiPlante TeamCIRAD AMAPMontpellierFrance

Global illumination effects are crucial for virtual plant rendering. Whereas real-time global illumination rendering of plants is impractical, ambient occlusion is an efficient alternative approximation. A tree model with millions of triangles is common, and the triangles can be considered as randomly distributed. The existing ambient occlusion methods fail to apply on such a type of object. In this paper, we present a new ambient occlusion method dedicated to real time plant rendering with limited user interaction. This method is a three-step ambient occlusion calculation framework which is suitable for a huge number of geometry objects distributed randomly in space. The complexity of the proposed algorithm is O（n）, compared to the conventional methods with complexities of O（n^2）. Furthermore, parameters in this method can be easily adjusted to achieve flexible ambient occlusion effects. With this ambient occlusion calculation method, we can manipulate plant models with millions of organs, as well as geometry objects with large number of randomly distributed components with affordable time, and with perceptual quality comparable to the previous ambient occlusion methods.

关键词： accessibility value estimation plant visualization real-time rendering

A Tiny Example Based Procedural Model for real-time Glinty Appearance rendering

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第4期39卷 771-784页

作者： You-Xin Xing Hao-Wen Tan Yan-Ning Xu Lu Wang School of Software Shandong UniversityJinan 250101China NetEase(Hangzhou)Network Co. LtdHangzhou 310052China

The glinty details from complex microstructures significantly enhance rendering ***,the previous methods use high-resolution normal maps to define each micro-geometry,which requires huge memory *** paper observes that many self-similarity materials have independent structural characteristics,which we define as tiny example *** propose a procedural model to represent microstructures implicitly by performing spatial transformations and spatial distribution on tiny ***,we precompute normal distribution functions(NDFs)by 4D Gaussians for tiny examples and store them in multi-scale NDF *** with a tiny example based NDF evaluation method,complex glinty surfaces can be rendered simply by texture *** experimental results show that our tiny example based the microstructure rendering method is GPU-friendly,successfully reproducing high-frequency reflection features of different microstructures in real time with low memory and computational overhead.

关键词： real-time rendering reflectance modeling glinty material photorealistic rendering microstructure

real-time Ray Casting rendering of Volume Clipping in Medical Visualization

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2003年第6期18卷 804-814页

作者：陈为华炜鲍虎军彭群生 The State Key Laboratory of CAD and CG Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China

This paper presents a real-time ray casting rendering algorithm for “volume clip ping plane” as an extension of the conventional ray casting technique. For each viewing direction a (moderate) pre-processing step is performed: the ray traverses the entire volume data (no early ray termination). Its intensity and opacity contributions are divided into several segments which are then sorted and stored by depth. At each sampling position along a segment, accumulated trans parency and color are stored at a moderate memory overhead. For visualizing real-time volume clipping, only relevant segment contributions (maximum two) at the location of the clipping plane are considered, thus reducing the calculation to meet real-time requirements. Compared with the previous work that involves time-consuming re-clipping, re-traversing and re-shading, the proposed method achieves quality identical to ray casting at real-time speed. The performance is indepen dent of the volume resolution and/or the number of clipping planes along a given viewing direction. Therefore it is suitable for real-time “internal volume inspections”, involving one or several cutting planes, typically applied e.g., in medical visualization and material testing applications.

关键词： volume clipping volume cutting ray casting medical visualization real-time rendering

Feature-Adaptive rendering of Loop Subdivision Surfaces on Modern GPUs

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2014年第6期29卷 1014-1025页

作者：黄韵岑冯结青 Matthias Nie?ner 崔元敏杨宝光 CCF State Key Laboratory of CAD&CG Zhejiang University ACM Computer Graphics Laboratory Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305U.S.A. Qualcomm Technologies Incorporation San DiegoCA 92121U.S.A.

We present a novel approach for real-time rendering Loop subdivision surfaces on modern graphics hardware. Our algorithm evaluates both positions and normals accurately, thus providing the true Loop subdivision surface. The core idea is to recursively refine irregular patches using a GPU compute kernel. All generated regular patches are then directly evaluated and rendered using tile hardware tessellation unit. Our approach handles triangular control meshes of arbitrary topologies and incorporates common subdivision surface features such as semi-sharp creases and hierarchical edits. While surface rendering is accurate up to machine precision, we also enforce a consistent bitwise evaluation of positions and normals at patch boundaries. This is particularly useful in the context of displacement mapping which strictly requires inatching surface normals. Furthermore, we incorporate efficient level-of-detail rendering where subdivision depth and tessellation density can be adjusted on-the-fly. Overall, our algorithm provides high-quality results at real-time frame rates, thus being ideally suited to interactive rendering applications such as video games or authoring tools.

关键词： real-time rendering Loop subdivision surface hardware tessellation

Temporal and spatial anti-aliasing for rendering reflections on water waves

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Computational Visual Media 2021年第2期7卷 201-215页

作者： Namo Podee Nelson Max Kei Iwasaki Yoshinori Dobashi Hokkaido University Sapporo060-0814Japan University of California Davis95616USA Wakayama University Wakayama640-8441Japan

The reflection of a bright light source on a dynamic surface such as water with waves can be difficult to render well in real time due to reflection aliasing and *** this paper,we propose a solution to this problem by approximating the reflection direction distribution for the water surface as an elliptical Gaussian *** we analytically integrate the reflection contribution throughout the rendering interval *** method can render in real time an animation of the time integrated reflection of a spherical light source on highly dynamic waves with reduced aliasing and flickering.

关键词： real-time rendering anti-aliasing reflection water surface water waves elliptical Gaussian