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Toughened (Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–SiC composites fabricated by one-step reactive sintering with a unique SiB_(6) additive

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 86-100页

作者： Wei Hao Xinzhe Lu Ling Li Tao Wang Guoliang Ren Huangyue Cai Xiaofeng Zhao Dongyun Wang Na Ni Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology&Equipment Zhejiang Normal UniversityZhejiang 321004China Key Lab of Education Ministry for Power Machinery and Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

High-entropy diboride has been arousing considerable interest in recent years.However,the low toughness and damage tolerance limit its applications as ultra-high-temperature structural materials.Here we report that a unique SiB_(6) additive has been first incorporated as boron and silicon sources to fabricate a high-entropy boride(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–SiC composite though one-step boro/carbothermal reduction reactive sintering.A synergetic effect of high-entropy sluggish diffusion and SiC secondary phase retarded the grain growth of the(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–51SiC composites.The small grain size was beneficial to shorten the diffusion path for mass transport,thereby enhancing the relative density to~99.3%.These results in an increase of fracture toughness from~5.2 in HEBS-1900 to~7.7 MPa·m^(1/2) in HEBS-2000,which corresponded to a large improvement of 48%.The improvement was attributed to a mixed mode of intergranular and transgranular cracking for offering effective pinning in crack propagation,resulting from balanced grain boundary strength collectively affected by improved densification,solid solution strengthening,and incorporation of SiC secondary phase.

关键词： high-entropy diboride silicon hexaboride boro/carbothermal reduction reactive sintering fracture toughness

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reactive-sintering B_4C matrix composite for armor applications

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Rare Metals 2020年第5期39卷 529-544页

作者： Chao Wu Yun-Kai Li Chun-Lei Wan Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211167China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The B4C matrix composite intended for armor applications still presents restrictions,such as low sintering density,production of large parts and inherited brittleness Herein,research on this topic is discussed in detail.First the material outlook of armor applications is organized from the development of composite armor and ceramic materials for armor to the B4C matrix composite and reactive-sintering method.In the second section,the technologies are reviewed for reactive pressureless sintering reactive hot-pressing sintering,reactive discharge plasma sintering and self-propagating high-temperature sintering Thereafter,our previous works on the TiB2/SiC/B4C composite and laminated Ti/B4C composite are employed to illustrate their microstructural evolution,phase transformation and fracture model.These studies provide a potential method for producing tough and high-strength ceramic composites for armor application.In the fina section,the mechanism,evaluation method and influencing factors of anti-penetration for ceramic armor and B4C matrix composite are reviewed.

关键词： Composite armor B4C matrix composite reactive sintering Mechanical properties

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Spark Plasma sintering of Boron Carbide Using Ti_(3)SiC_(2) as a sintering Additive

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第3期39卷 645-650页

作者： Hülya Biçer Mustafa Tuncer Hasan Göçmez Iurii Bogomol Valerii Kolesnichenko Andrey Ragulya Kutahya Dumlupinar University School of EngineeringDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringKütahya 43100Tur-key Boron Based Advanced Ceramics Application and Research Center Kütahya Dumlupınar UniversityKütahya 43100Turkey Advanced Technologies Center(İLTEM) Kütahya Dumlupınar UniversityKütahya 43000Turkey Department of High-Temperature Ma-terials and Powder Metallurgy National Technical University of Ukraine“Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”Kyiv 03056Ukraine Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyiv 03056Ukraine

Boron carbide has unique properties for wide application possibilities;however,poor sinterability limits its applications.One approach to overcome this limitation is the addition of secondary phases into boron carbide.Boron carbide based composite ceramics are produced by the direct addition of secondary phases into the structure or via reactive sintering using a sintering additive.The present study investigated the effect of Ti_(3)SiC_(2) addition to boron carbide by reactive spark plasma sintering in the range of 1700-1900℃.Ti_(3)SiC_(2) phase decomposed at high temperatures and reacted with B4C to form secondary phases of TiB2 and SiC.The results demonstrated that the increase of Ti_(3)SiC_(2) addition(up to 15 vol%)effectively promoted the densification of B4C and yielded higher hardness.However,as the amount of Ti_(3)SiC_(2) increased further,the formation of microstructural inhomogeneity and agglomeration of secondary phases caused a decrease in hardness.

关键词： reactive sintering SPS boron carbide MAX phase

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Manufacturing a TiAl alloy by high-energy ball milling and subsequent reactive sintering

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Rare Metals 2006年第1期25卷 21-26页

作者： QU Shengguan LI Xiaoqiang LI Yuanyuan HU Lianxi WANG Erde College of Mechanical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China College of Materials Science ＆ Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

A TiAl alloy was fabricated by high-energy ball milling and subsequent reactive sintering from the mixed powders of Ti and Al. High-energy ball milling produced a kind of particular composite powders with an extremely fine altemative Ti and Al lamella structure. The composite powders not only possessed good consolidation and densification characteristics, but also resulted in the augment of nucleation rate of α and γ titanium aluminides during solid-phase reactive sintering After a series of processing, pressing, degassing, extrusion, and sintering, the resultant TiAl alloy presented high relative density and refined grain sizes of （α2 ＋ γ） lamella and γ phases. The compressive yield strength of the sintered TiAl reached 600 MPa at 800℃.

关键词： TiAl alloy high-energy ball milling reactive sintering

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Fabrication and properties of non-stoichiometric Tb_(2)(Hf_(1-x)Tb_(x))_(2)O_(7-x)magneto-optical ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第5期11卷 784-793页

作者： Lixuan ZHANG Xiaoying LI Dianjun HU Ziyu LIU Tengfei XIE Lexiang WU Zhaoxiang YANG Jiang LI Transparent Ceramics Research Center Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100049China

Non-stoichiometric Tb_(2)(Hf_(1-x)Tb_(x))_(2)O_(7-x)(x=-0.07-0.45)magneto-optical ceramics were fabricated by solid-state reactive sintering in vacuum combined with hot isostatic pressing(HIP)posttreatment without any sintering aids.The phase composition,densification process,microstructure,optical transmittance,and Verdet constant of Tb_(2)(Hf_(1-x)Tb_(x))_(2)O_(7-x)ceramics were investigated.The in-line transmittance of(Tb_(0.93)Hf_(0.04))_(2)Hf_(2)O_(7.07)ceramics with a thickness of 2.0 mm reaches 74.6%at 1064 nm.The Verdet constant of Tb_(2)(Hf_(1-x)Tb_(x))_(2)O_(7-x)ceramics is-153.4,-155.8,and-181.2 rad/(T-m)at the wavelength of 633 nm when x=-0.07,0,and 0.1,respectively.The Verdet constant increases with the increase of Tb content,and these values are higher than that of the commercial Tb_(3)Ga_(5)O_(12) crystal,indicating that non-stoichiometric Tb_(2)(Hf_(1-x)Tb_(x))_(2)O_(7-x)ceramics have a great potential for the application in Faraday isolators.

关键词： magneto-optical ceramics Tb_(2)(Hf_(1-x)Tb_(x))_(2)O_(7-x)ceramics reactive sintering Verdet constant

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In-situ ZrB2-hBN ceramics with high strength and low elasticity

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第13期47卷 186-193页

作者： Ji Zou Guo-Jun Zhang Zheng-Yi Fu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China School of Metallurgy and Materials University of BirminghamB152TTBirminghamUK State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Institute of Functional MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

ZrB2 ceramics with various hexagonal BN(hBN)additions up to 37 vol%were reactively densified by spark plasma sintering using powder mixtures containing ZrB2,ZrN and boron.ZrN-boron based additives effectively promoted the densification process,ZrB2 ceramics reached>99%relative density at 2000℃and an applied pressure of 60 MPa with only 5 vol%in-situ formed hBN,whereas the relative density of pure ZrB2 was only 91.2%at the same conditions.Increasing thehBN contents,the morphology of hBN grains gradually changed from quasi-spherical to flake dominated,which has substantial influence on their mechanical properties.In-situ ZrB2-10 vol%hBN ceramics demonstrated high flexural strength of 597±22 MPa,relatively low Young’s modulus of 406 GPa and good machinability,especially for the impressively large strain to failure(1.47×10^-3)which is superior to most of their counterparts in the ZrB2 based particulate reinforced ceramics.

关键词： ZrB2 reactive sintering Spark plasma sintering Boron nitride containing ceramics Mechanical property

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A new class of high-entropy M_(3)B_(4) borides

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2021年第1期10卷 166-172页

作者： Mingde QIN Qizhang YAN Yi LIU Jian LUO Department of NanoEngineering Program of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA

A new class of high-entropy M3B4 borides of the Ta_(3)B_(4)-prototyped orthorhombic structure has been synthesized in the bulk form for the first time.Specimens with compositions of(V0.2Cr0.2Nb0.2Mo0.2Ta0.2)3B4 and(V0.2Cr0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2W0.2)_(3)B_(4) were fabricated via reactive spark plasma sintering of high-energy-ball-milled elemental boron and metal precursors.The sintered specimens were〜98.7%in relative densities with virtually no oxide contamination,albeit the presence of minor(4-5 vol%)secondary high-entropy M5B6 phases.Despite that Mo_(3)B_(4) or W_(3)B_(4) are not stable phase,20%of M03B4 and W3B4 can be stabilized into the high-entropy M3B4 borides.Vickers hardness was measured to be 18.6 and 19.8 GPa at a standard load of 9.8 N.This work has further expanded the family of different structures of high-entropy ceramics reported to date.

关键词： high-entropy ceramics high-entropy borides reactive sintering spark plasma sintering Ta_(3)B_(4)-prototyped orthorhombic structure

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Effect of starting materials and sintering temperature on microstructure and optical properties of Y203:Yb^(3+)5 at%transparent ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2021年第1期10卷 49-61页

作者： R.P.YAVETSKIY A.E.BALABANOV S.V.PARKHOMENKO O.S.KRYZHANOVSKA A.G.DOROSHENKO P.V.MATEYCHENKO A.V.TOLMACHEV Jiang LI Nan JIANG L.GHEORGHE M.ENCULESCU Institute for Single Crystals of NAS of Ukraine 60 Nauky Ave.Kharkiv 61072Ukraine Key Laboratory of Transparent Opto-functional Inorganic Materials Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation PhysicsLaboratory of Solid-State Quantum ElectronicsMagurele 077125IlfovRomania National Institute of Materials Physics Magurele 077125IlfovRomania

Y2O3:Yb^(3+)5 at%ceramics have been synthesized by the reactive sintering method using different commercial yttria powders(Alfa-Micro,Alfa-Nano,and ITO-V)as raw materials.It has been shown that all Y2O3 starting powders consist from agglomerates up to 5-7 μm in size which are fonned from 25-60 nm primary particles.High-energy ball milling allows to significantly decreasing the median particle size D50 below 500 nm regardless of the commercial powders used.sintering experiments indicate that powder mixtures fabricated from Alfa-Nano yttria powders have the highest sintering activity,while(Y0.86La0.09Yb0.05)2O3 ceramics sintered at 1750℃for 10 h are characterized by the highest transmittance of about 45%.Y2O3:Yb^(3+)ceramics have been obtained by the reactive sintering at 1750-1825℃using Alfa-Nano Y2O3 powders and La2O3+Zr02 as a complex sintering aid.The effects of the sintering temperature on densification processes,microstructure,and optical properties of Y2O3:Yb^(3+)5 at%ceramics have been studied.It has been shown that Zr^(4+)ions decrease the grain growth of Y2O3:Yb^(3+)ceramics for sintering temperatures 1750-1775℃.Further increasing the sintering temperature was accompanied by a sharp increase of the average grain size of ceramics referred to changes of structure and chemical composition of grain boundaries,as well as their mobility.It has been determined that the optimal sintering temperature to produce high-dense yttria ceramics with transmittance of 79%-83%and average grain size of 8μm is 1800℃.Finally,laser emission at〜1030.7 nm with a slope efficiency of 10%was obtained with the most transparent Y203:Yb^(3+)5 at%ceramics sintered.

关键词： transparent ceramics reactive sintering microstructure grain growth lasing

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Design of binder jet additive manufactured co-continuous ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composites

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第14期47卷 81-90页

作者： Pablo D.Enrique Ehsan Marzbanrad Yahya Mahmoodkhani Ali Keshavarzkermani Hashem Al Momani Ehsan Toyserkani Norman Y.Zhou University of Waterloo 200 University Ave WWaterlooOntarioN2L 3G1Canada

Ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composites(MMCs)display beneficial properties owing to their combination of ceramic and metal phases.However,the properties are highly dependent on the reinforcing phase composition,volume fraction and morphology.Continuous fiber or network reinforcement morphologies are difficult and expensive to manufacture,and the often-used discontinuous particle or whisker reinforcement morphologies result in less effective properties.Here,we demonstrate the formation of a co-continuous ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composite using solid-state processing.Binder jet additive manufacturing(BJAM)was used to print a nickel superalloy part followed by post-processing via reactive sintering to form a continuous carbide reinforcing phase at the particle boundaries.The kinetics of reinforcement formation are investigated in order to develop a relationship between reactive sintering time,temperature and powder composition on the reinforcing phase thickness and volume fraction.To evaluate performance,the wear resistance of the reinforced BJAM alloy 625 MMC was compared to unreinforced BJAM alloy 625,demonstrating a 64%decrease in the specific wear rate under abrasive wear conditions.

关键词： Binder jetting reactive sintering Metal matrix composite Co-continuous composite Wear resistance

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ZrB_(2)-SiC based composites for thermal protection by reaction sintering of ZrO_(2)+B_(4)C+Si

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2017年第4期6卷 320-329页

作者： R.V.KRISHNARAO V.V.BHANUPRASAD G.MADHUSUDHAN REDDY Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory KanchanbaghHyderabad-500058India

Synthesis and sintering of ZrB_(2)-SiC based composites have been carried out in a single-step pressureless reaction sintering(PLRS)of ZrO_(2),B_(4)C,and Si.Y_(2)O_(3) and Al_(2)O_(3) were used as sintering additives.The effect of ratios of ZrO_(2)/B_(4)C,ZrO_(2)/Si,and sintering additives(Y_(2)O_(3) and Al_(2)O_(3)),was studied by sintering at different temperatures between 1500 and 1680℃in argon atmosphere.ZrB_(2),SiC,and YAG phases were identified in the sintered compacts.Density as high as 4.2 g/cm^(3),micro hardness of 12.7 GPa,and flexural strength of 117.6 MPa were obtained for PLRS composites.Filler material was also prepared by PLRS for tungsten inert gas(TIG)welding of the ZrB_(2)-SiC based composites.The shear strength of the weld was 63.5 MPa.The PLRS ZrB_(2)-SiC composites exhibited:(i)resistance to oxidation and thermal shock upon exposure to plasma flame at 2700℃for 600 s,(ii)thermal protection for Cf-SiC composites upon exposure to oxy-propane flame at 2300℃for 600 s.

关键词： ZrB_(2) SiC reactive sintering synthesis composites

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