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Potential of triptolide in reproductive management of the house rat,rattus rattus

Integrative Zoology 2013年第3期8卷 260-276页

作者： Neena SINGLA Gaganpreet KAUR Bhupinder Kaur BABBAR Bhupinder Singh SANDHU Department of Zoology Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaIndia Department of Veterinary Pathology Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science UniversityLudhianaIndia

Mature and healthy male house rats,rattus rattus(n=160)were fed on bait(cracked wheat:powdered sugar,98:2)containing different concentrations of triptolide(0.1,0.05,0.025 and 0%)for 7 and 14 days in no-choice and bi-choice feeding tests in the *** objective of the study was to record the antifertility affects of triptolide after 30 and 60 days of termination of *** revealed no significant effect of triptolide treatment on weights of testis,epididymis,seminal vesicles and prostate gland of ***,sperm motility,live sperm count,sperm density and sperm morphology in the cauda epididymal fluid were found to differ significantly(P≤0.05)between untreated and treated groups of *** major effect of triptolide on sperm morphology was in the form of sperm head tail separation,which was up to 56.0%in rats treated for 14 days in no-choice and autopsied after 30 days.A significant effect(P≤0.05)of triptolide treatment was observed on the histomorphology of the testis,which included a dose-dependent decrease in diameter of seminiferous tubules,thickness of germinal epithelium and numbers of various spermatogenic *** associations in the seminiferous epithelial cycle were poorly developed in rats ingesting medium(4.7-5.1 mg/100 g bw)and high doses(6.9-7.2 mg/100 g bw)of triptolide than rats ingesting low doses(1.8-2.3 mg/100 g bw)and untreated *** cell stages affected had not recovered fully within the 60 day period following triptolide *** present study suggests the potential of triptolide in reproductive management of rattus rattus.

关键词： rattus rattus reproductive organs seminiferous tubules sperm parameters triptolide

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Reproductive ecology of the black rat (rattus rattus) in Madagascar: the influence of density-dependent and -independent effects

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 66-86页

作者： Kathryn SCOBIE Soanandrasana RAHELINIRINA Voahangy SOARIMALALA Fehivola Mandanirina ANDRIAMIARIMANANA Corinne RAHAINGOSOAMAMITIANA Toky RANDRIAMORIA Soloandry RAHAJANDRAIBE Xavier LAMBIN Minoarisoa RAJERISON Sandra TELFER School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK Plague Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Association Vahatra AntananarivoMadagascar

The black rat(rattus rattus)poses a severe threat to food security and public health in Madagascar,where it is a major cause of pre-and post-harvest crop losses and an important reservoir for many zoonotic diseases,including ***,ecologically based rodent management(EBRM)strategies have been developed using ecologi-cal information to inform decisions on where and when to target *** could deliver improved health and well-being outcomes in Madagascar if adapted to the local ecological *** data collected from removal studies,we explored spatio-temporal patterns in the breeding activity of the black rat(***)in domestic and agricultural habitats across Madagascar and investigated to what extent these trends are influenced by rainfall and rat *** identified clear spatio-temporal variation in the seasonality of *** *** was highly seasonal both inside and outside of houses,but seasonal trends varied between these two ***-sonal trends were explained,in part,by variation in rainfall;however,the effect of rainfall on reproductive rates did itself vary by season and habitat type.A decline in breeding intensity with increasing rat density was recorded outside of *** has important implications for control,as populations may compensate for removal through increased *** recommend that sustained control initiated before the main breeding season,combined with improved hygiene and adequate rodent-proofing in homes and grain stores,could curtail population growth and reduce pre-and post-harvest losses provided that these measures overcome the compensatory response of rodent populations.

关键词： Madagascar rattus rattus reproductive ecology rodent control

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A global overview of the most important zoonotic bacteria pathogens transmitted from rattus norvegicus to humans in urban environments

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Infectious Medicine 2022年第3期1卷 192-207页

作者： Sahar Sabour Taher Azimi Ahmad Nasser Nahal Hadi Amin Mohsenzadeh Aref Shariati Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Bacteriology&Virology School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical ScienceShirazIran Department of Pathobiology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Microbiology Ardabil BranchIslamic Azad UniversityArdabilIran Molecular and medicine research center Khomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran

Zoonotic pathogens,comprising over 61%of all pathogenic microorganisms,can be transmitted from different animals to individuals in numerous ways either in the presence or the absence of a *** new emerging human infectious diseases,these pathogens could be categorized into 4 groups,bacteria,viruses,parasites,and *** the wide range of reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens,tremendous attention has been attracted to wild rats,due to their global distribution not only in urban environments but also in the sylvatic and agricultural *** the nonce,zoonotic bacteria transmitted via wild rats have turned into a global public health problem probably due to their ability to induce re-emerging diseases even after eradication and controlling *** the importance of wild rats in spreading pathogens,little data are available about the bacterial diversity present in urban wild rat *** this review,we present a complete list of zoonotic bacterial pathogens isolated from wild rats in urban environments.

关键词： Zoonosis Bacterial diseases Zoonotic diseases Wild rats rattus rattus

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Trophic niche changes associated with the eradication of invasive mammals in an insular lizard: an assessment using isotopes

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 211-219页

作者： Sara F.NUNES Mario MOTA-FERREIRA Marta SAMPAIO Joana ANDRADE Nuno OLIVEIRA Rui REBELO Ricardo ROCHA Faculty of Sciences Centre for EcologyEvolution and Environmental ChangesUniversity of LisbonLisbon1749-016Portugal CIBI0-lnBI0 Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic ResourcesUniversity of PortoVairao4485-661Portugal CIBI0-lnBI0 Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic ResourcesInstitute of AgronomyUniversity of LisbonLisbon1349-017Portugal Sociedade Portuguesa Para o Estudo das Aves Av.Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro873°AndarLisboa1070-062Portugal

Invasive species are a major threat to island biodiversity,and their eradications have substantially contributed to the conservation of island ***,the consequences of eradications on the trophic ecology of native taxa are largely ***,we used the eradication of invasive black rats rattus rattus and European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus from the Berlenga Island,in the western coast of Portugal,as a whole-ecosystem experiment to investigate the effects of the eradication of invasive mammals on the trophic niche and body dimensions of the island-restricted Berlenga wall lizard Podarcis carbonelli berlengensis over a 2-year *** results suggest an expansion of the isotopic niche and an intensification of the sexual dimorphism of the lizard following mammal ***,we found considerable variability in isotopic niche across the island and detected evidence of sex-specific and season-modulated nutritional requirements of this threatened *** findings support that the eradication of 2 of the planets most problematic invasive vertebrates led to changes in the lizard trophic niche and sexual dimorphism in just 2 *** suggests that the ecological pressuresfor example,prey availability and habitat structureto which lizards are exposed have substantially changed *** study emphasizes the scientific value of island eradications as experiments to address a wide range of ecological questions and adds to the increasing body of evidence supporting substantial conservation gains associated with these restoration interventions.

关键词： food-webs invasive species eradication Oryctolagus cuniculus Podarcis carbonelli berlengensis rattus rattus

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Why not to avoid the smell of danger？ Unexpected behavior of the Cypriot mouse surviving on the island invaded by black rats

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 781-791页

作者： Daniel FRYNT Margareta BALADOVA Barbora ELIASOVA Silvie LISKOVA Eva LANDOVA Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Charles University Vinicna 7 128 44 Prague 2 Czech Republic National Institut of Mental Health Topolova 748 250 67 Klecany Czech Republic

Mus cypriaeus is a recently discovered endemic species that evolved about half a million years ago on the Cyprus Is- land in an absence of most mammalian predators and competitors. As on other Mediterranean islands, the faunal composition was dramatically changed by the invasion of commensal and domestic species following Holocene colonization by humans. We exa- mined the behavioral responses of the Cypriot mouse to the odors of these new competitors （black and Norway rat, house mouse and spiny-mouse） and predator （domestic cat） as well as controls （Herb-field mouse, guinea pig）. We compared them with those of mainland population of house mouse from Syria with different coexistence history. Surprisingly, the Cypriot mouse failed to avoid the odor of its current main competitor, the black rat. Moreover, the response patterns of both the Cypriot and Syrian house mice to the examined odor sources appeared fairly comparable. There was a clear tendency to prefer odors of other murids over unscented sawdust as well as to avoid the odor of a domestic cat. In conclusion, neither the long-term isolation from predators nor the recent strong competition with black rats affected mice eompetitory and antipredatory responses fundamentally [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 781-791, 2015].

关键词： Competition Cyprus Mus cypriacus Odor preference rattus rattus

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