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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第5期27卷 1021-1029页

作者： Mohammad Reza Aghajanzadeh Mohammad Sharifi Department of Petroleum Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology

In this study, the performance of stable nanofluid containing SiO2 nanoparticles dispersed and stabilized in high salinity brine for asphaltene inhibition in dynamic condition is evaluated. In the first stage of this work, the stability of silica nanoparticles in different range of water salinity(0–100000 mg·L-1) is investigated. Next, stable nanofluid containing highest salinity is selected as asphaltene inhibitor agent to inject into the damaged core sample. The estimated values of oil recovery for base case, after damage process and after inhibition of asphaltene precipitation using nanofluid are 51.6%, 36.1% and 46.7%, respectively. The results showed the reduction in core damage after using nanofluid. In addition, the relative permeability curves are plotted for the base case, after damage process and also after inhibition of asphaltene precipitation using nanofluid. Comparison of relative permeability curves shows, relative permeability of oil phase decreased after damage process as compared with the base case. But after using nanofluid the oil relative permeability curve has shifted to the right and effective permeability of oil phase has been improved.

关键词： Formation damage Enhanced oil recovery salinity Asphaltene Core flooding Nano particles

Population differences in susceptibility to stress in Littorina saxatilis from metal contaminated and uncontaminated sites in the Isle of Man

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第2期18卷 364-368页

作者： DAKA Erema Ransome The University of Liverpool Port Erin Marine Laboratory Isle of Man IM9 6 JA United Kingdom Department of Applied and Environmental Biology Rivers S tate University of Science and Technology PMB 5080 Port Harcourt Nigeria.

The population of the intertidal gastropod Littorina saxcailis from Laxey estuary in the Isle of Man is exposed to mine-related contamination of Zn （and is tolerant to Zn and Pb） compared to those of Castletown, Derbyhaven, Peel and Ramsey. Tolerances to salinity and desiccation stress were assayed to test how metal tolerance could affect tolerance to general stress. The winkles were experimentally exposed to salinities of 0, 17 and 60 practical salinity units （psu） with 34 psu as control. Desiccation stress was determined by aerial exposure of the winkles at 24℃. No control mortalities were recorded and mortalities in 17 psu were less than 50% for all populations over a 24-day exposure period. LT50 values （mean±SD, n=5） at 0 psu ranged from 6.6 ± 0.6 to 7.5 ± 1.3 d for winkles from Ramsey and Laxey respectively. The values for 60 psu ranged from 7.0±0.7 to 8.4±0.9 d. No significant differences in LT50 values were obtained for the salinity exposurcs（ANOVA,P〉0.05） but there was a significant difference in tolerance to desiccation （P〈0.01）. The winkles from Laxey showed very high susceptibility to desiccation stress probably indicating a physiological trade-off to metal tolerance.

关键词： tolerance salinity desiccation winkles Isle of Man

Changes of plasma membrane ATPase activity, membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient in Kandelia candel and Avicennia marina seedlings with various salinities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2004年第5期16卷 742-745页

作者： ZHAOZhong-qiu ZHENGHai-lei ZHUYong-guan ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalSciences ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100085China SchoolofLifeSciences XiamenUniversityXiamen361005China

The salt-secreting mangrove, Avicennia marina, and non-salt-secreting mangrove, Kandelia candel were cultivated in sand with various salinities(0‰, 10‰, 20‰, 30‰, 40‰) for 60 d. Plasma membrane vesicles of high-purity in leaves and roots of *** and K. candel seedlings were obtained by two-phase partitioning. The function of the plasma membranes, the activity of ATPase, membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient, at various salinities were investigated. The results showed that within a certain range of salinity(A. marina and roots of K. candel: 0—30‰; leaves of ***: 0—20‰), the activity of ATPase increased with increasing salinity, while high salinity(above 30‰ or 20‰) inhibited ATPase activity. In comparison with A. marina, K. candel appeared to be more sensitive to salinity. The dynamics of membrane potential and transmembrane proton gradient in leaves and roots of A. marina and K. candel seedlings were similar to that of ATPase. When treated directly by NaCl all the indexes were inhibited markedly: there was a little increase within 0—10‰(K. candel) or 0—20‰(A. marina) followed by sharp declining. It indicated that the structure and function of plasma membrane was damaged severely.

关键词： salinity A. marina K. candel plasma membrane H-ATPase Ca-ATPase membrane potential transmembrane proton gradient

Effects of salinity on activities of H^+-ATPase, H^+-PPase and membrane lipid composition in plasma membrane and tonoplast vesicles isolated from soybean(Glycine max L.) seedlings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第2期17卷 259-262页

作者： YUBing-jun LAMHon-ming SHAOGui-hua LIUYou-ling CollegeofLifeSciences NanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095China／／DepartmentofBiologyTheChineseUniversityofHongKongShatinN.T.HongKongChina DepartmentofBiology TheChineseUniversityofHongKongShatinN.T.HongKongChina DepartmentofBiology TheChineseUniversityofHongKongShatinN.T.HongKongChina／／InstituteofCropBreedingandCultivationChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesBeijing100081China CollegeofLifeSciences NanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095China

The effects of NaCl stress on the H +-ATPase, H +-PPase activity and lipid composition of plasma membrane(PM) and tonoplast(TP) vesicles isolated from roots and leaves of two soybean cultivars(Glycine max L.) differing in salt tolerance(Wenfeng7, salt-tolerant; Union, salt-sensitive) were investigated. When Wenfeng7 was treated with 0.3%(W/V) NaCl for 3 d, the H +-ATPase activities in PM and TP from roots and leaves exhibited a reduction and an enhancement, respectively. The H +-PPase activity in TP from roots also increased. Similar effects were not observed in roots of Union. In addition, the increases of phospholipid content and ratios of phospholipid to galactolipid in PM and TP from roots and leaves of Wenfeng7 may also change membrane permeability and hence affect salt tolerance.

关键词： salinity Glycine max L. plasma membrane tonoplast H +-ATPase H +-PPase membrane lipid composition

Assessment of surface and subsurface waterlogging, water level fluctuations, and lithological variations for evaluating groundwater resources in Ganga Plains

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第3期6卷 276-296页

作者： Arvind Chandra Pandey Suraj Kumar Singh M.S.Nathawat Dipankar Saha Department of Remote Sensing Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchiIndia Central Ground Water Board Ministry of Water ResourcesPatnaIndia

In the present study,the multi-temporal satellite images of IRS P6 LISS III were used to map waterlogging dynamics over different *** area of 594.36 km2(6.75%)and 4.17 km^(2)(0.04%)was affected by surface waterlogging during pre and postmonsoon season,*** average annual groundwater level fluctuations were calculated using 18 years(1990-2007)pre and postmonsoon groundwater level data to identify the areas which are under groundwater induced waterlogging *** soil map clearly indicates that salinity and sodicity exhibit the highest severity and occur in areas with shallow groundwater *** hydrogeomorphical units mapped using IRS P6 LISS III satellite images are flood plain,alluvial plain,paleochannels,and oxbow *** study revealed that 44.65%areas have very good to excellent groundwater *** litholog data clearly indicate an alternating sequence of clay and sand in which deep aquifers made up of coarse sand would be best suited for adequate water supply and good groundwater *** integrated study utilizing digital spatial data pertaining to waterlogging,soil salinity,water level fluctuation,and lithological variation proved that planning of any surface and subsurface water resources development activity should be taken up after assessments of said parameters.

关键词： waterlogging salinity Ganga plain digital earth groundwater resources digital data

Characterisation of pore fluid salinity dependent evaporative dewatering of kaolin using dielectric spectroscopy

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第1期12卷 112-125页

作者： Partha Narayan Mishra Thierry Bore Alexander Scheuermann Ling Li Geotechnical Engineering Centre School of Civil EngineeringThe University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072Australia School of Engineering Westiake UniversityHangzhouChina

Realising the importance of pore fluid salinity on the dewatering behaviour of fine-grained porous systems,the present study systematically investigated such impacts on temporal moisture dynamics of kaolin subjected to evaporative dewatering.A detailed discussion is provided pertaining to the background processes dictating evaporative dewatering response and corresponding alterations in the dielectric behaviour of *** dependent dielectric spectra of soil,which can be considered as the fingerprint of the transient changes in the condition of water phase within the pore system of the soil and associated densification,are monitored in real time during dewatering using an open-ended coaxial probe with a vector network *** spatial sensitivity of the coaxial probe has been quantified through layered media *** the results of volume change behaviour of the material along with its moisture loss response,the study characterised the hydro-mechanical response of the material from the windows of frequency dependent dielectric spectroscopy.

关键词： Kaolin Evaporative dewatering Pore fluid salinity Electromagnetic(EM)methods Vector network analyser Dielectric permittivity Sensitivity analysis

Carbon Monoxide Alleviates Salt-Induced Oxidative Damage in Wheat Seedling Leaves

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第3期48卷 249-254页

作者： Ben-Kai Huang Sheng Xu Wei Xuan Ming LI Ze-Yu Cao Kai-Li Liu Teng-Fang Ling Wen-Biao Shen College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China College of Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Carbon monoxide （CO）, a by-product released during the degradation of heme by heme oxygenases （EC 1.***.99.3） In animals, is regarded as an important physiological messenger or bioactive molecule involved in many biological events that has been recently reported as playing a major role in mediating the cytoprotectlon against oxidant-induced lung Injury. In the present study, we first determined the protective effect of exogenous CO against salt-induced oxidative damage in wheat seedling leaves. Wheat seedlings treated with 0.01μmol/L hematin as the CO donor demonstrated significant reversal of chlorophyll decay, dry weight, and water loss induced by 300 mmol/L NaCl stress. Interestingly, the increase in lipid peroxidation observed in salt-treated leaves was reversed by 0.01μmol/L hematin treatment. Time-couree analyses showed that application of 0.01μmol/L hematln enhanced gualacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities in wheat seedling leaves subjected to salt stress. These effects are specific for CO because the CO scavenger hemoglobin （1.2 mg/L） blocked the actions of the CO donor hematln. However, higher concentration of the CO donor （1.0μmol/L） did not alleviate dry weight and water loss of salt-stressed wheat seedlings. These results suggest that exogenous application of low levels of a CO donor may be advantageous against salinity toxicity.

关键词： carbon monoxide lipid peroxidation oxidative stress salinity seedling leaves wheat.

salinity effects on soil shrinkage characteristic curves of fine-grained geomaterials

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第1期11卷 181-191页

作者： Partha Narayan Mishra Alexander Scheuermann Thierry Bore Ling Li School of Civil Engineering University of Queensland

Fine-grained clayey soils are prone to substantial volume changes during desiccation in response to the dynamics of their moisture regime,and are of critical importance in several geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering applications. As such, the complex interactions between the fraction of soil solids and the ionic pore fluid play a critical role in governing such volume changes, and have been the focus in studies dealing with marine geotechnology, mine-tailing ponds, engineered barrier systems, *** this in mind, the present investigation evaluates the volume changes and accompanying densification from a saturated slurry state to a constant volume state of a reference fine-grained geomaterial,kaolin, subjected to evaporative dewatering. For this purpose, several parametric studies involving determination of soil shrinkage characteristic curves(SSCCs) of kaolin under the influence of varied salt constituents and concentrations of pore fluid are performed. Furthermore, a critical assessment of SSCCs depicting progressive shrinkage and volume change behaviour of geomaterials is provided, followed by the analysis of experimentally obtained SSCCs of the kaolin to explore the impacts of pore fluid ***, the SSCCs are parameterised with a predictive model and the fitting parameters are used to quantitatively demonstrate the salinity-dependent volume change response of a representative finegrained porous system.

关键词： Kaolin Pore fluid salinity Soil shrinkage curves Pore space dynamics Geotechnical engineering

Glutamate dehydrogenase and Na^+-K^+ ATPase expression and growth response of Litopenaeus vannamei to different salinities and dietary protein levels

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第2期29卷 343-349页

作者：李二超 Leticia ARENA Gabriel LIZAMA Gabriela GAXIOLA Gerard CUZON Carlos ROSAS 陈立侨 Alain VAN WORMHOUDT School of Life Science East China Normal University UMR5178 Station de Biologie Marine du Musum National d'Histoire NaturelleBP225Concarneau 29900France Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MxicoPuerto de abrigo s/nSisal C.P.97350HunucmYucatnMexico IFREMER TahitiFrench Polynesia

Improvement in the osmoregulation capacity via nutritional supplies is vitally important in shrimp *** effects of dietary protein levels on the osmoregulation capacity of the Pacific white shrimp(***) were *** involved an examination of growth performance,glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH) and Na+-K+ ATPase mRNA expression,,and GDH activity in muscles and *** experimental diets were formulated,containing 25%,40%,and 50% dietary protein,and fed to the shrimp at a salinity of *** 20 days,no significant difference was observed in weight gain,though GDH and Na+-K+ ATPase gene expression and GDH activity increased with higher dietary protein ***,shrimp fed diets with 25% and 50% dietary protein were transferred into tanks with salinities of 38 and 5,respectively,and sampled at weeks 1 and *** fed with 40% protein at 25 in salinity(optimal conditions) were used as a *** of the salinities,shrimp fed with 50% dietary protein had significantly higher growth performance than other diets;no significant differences were found in comparison with the *** fed with 25% dietary protein and maintained at salinities of 38 and 5 had significantly lower weight gain values after 2 *** salinity change also stimulated the hepatosomatic index,which increased in the first week and then recovered to a relatively normal level,as in the control,after 2 *** findings indicate that in white shrimp,the specific protein nutrient and energy demands related to ambient salinity change are associated with protein *** dietary protein level could improve the osmoregulation capacity of *** with more energy resources allocated to GDH activity and expression.

关键词： Litopenaeus vannamei gene expression glutamate dehydrogenase Na^+-K^+ ATPase protein salinity

Kiwifruit(Actinidia chinensis 'Hongyang') cytosolic ascorbate peroxidases(AcAPX1 and AcAPX2) enhance salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第4期21卷 1058-1070页

作者： GUO Xiu-hong HE Yan ZHANG Yu WANG Yi HUANG Sheng-xiong LIU Yong-sheng LI Wei Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education College of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610064P.R.China School of Horticulture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036P.R.China School of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009P.R.China

Ascorbate peroxidase(APX) plays a key role in scavenging reactive oxygen species(ROS) in higher plants. However, there is very little information available on the APXs in kiwifruit(Actinidia), which is an economically and nutritionally important horticultural crop with exceptionally high ascorbic acid(AsA) accumulation. This study aims to identify and characterize two cytosolic APX genes(AcAPX1 and AcAPX2) derived from A. chinensis ‘Hongyang’. The constitutive expression pattern was determined for both AcAPX1 and AcAPX2, and showed relatively higher expression abundances of AcAPX1 in leaf and AcAPX2 in root. Transcript levels of AcAPX1 and AcAPX2 were increased in kiwifruit roots treated with Na Cl. Subcellular localization assays using GFP-fusion proteins in Arabidopsis protoplasts showed that both AcAPX1 and AcAPX2 are targeted to the cytosol. Recombinant AcAPX1 or AcAPX2 proteins were successfully expressed in the prokaryotic expression system and their individual ascorbate peroxidase activities were determined. Finally, constitutive over-expression of AcAPX1 or AcAPX2 could dramatically increase total As A, glutathione level and salinity tolerance under Na Cl stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our findings revealed that cytosolic AcAPX1/2 may play an important protective role in the responses to unfavorable environmental stimuli in kiwifruit.

关键词： Actinidia ascorbic acid ascorbate peroxidase salinity