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Improving rice Blast resistance by Mining Broad-Spectrum resistance genes at Pik Locus

rice science 2022年第2期29卷 133-142页

作者： ZHOU Ying WAN Tao YUAN Bin LEI Fang CHEN Meijuan WANG Qiong HUANG Ping KOU Shuyan QIU Wenxiu LIU Li College of Life Science and Health Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430065China College of Life Sciences Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crops of Central China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop DiseaseInsect Pests and Weeds ControlWuhan 430064China College of Information Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Institute of Food Crops Yunnan Academy of Agriculture SciencesKunming 650205China

Magnaporthe oryzae is known for its genetic diversity and pathogenic variability,leading to rapid breakdown of resistance in rice.Incorporating multiple broad-spectrum blast resistance genes into rice cultivars would extend disease resistance longevity.Effective resistance breeding in rice therefore requires continual enrichment of the reservoir of resistance genes and alleles.We conducted a large-scale screen of rice blast resistance in about 2000 rice accessions.Among them,247 accessions showed at least medium resistance to the natural infection of rice blast and 7 novel Pik alleles were identified from them.Variations in gene sequences were then correlated with the phenotypic trait to enable the identification of favorable alleles.Among the seven novel Pik alleles,the resistant rate of Pik-r0/ME/7017 donors was greater than 80%,and the disease score was less than 3.Through molecular marker-assisted backcross breeding,we successfully transferred the three Pik alleles,Pik-r0/ME/7017,into an elite cultivated line Kongyu 131 to obtain BC_(3)F_(2)lines,which showed enhanced resistance to rice blast compared with the recurrent parent.Assessment of these near-isogenic lines in the greenhouse using 31 isolates of M.oryzae from Heilongjiang Province of China revealed that the resistant levels of the BC_(3)F_(2)lines with Pik-r0/ME/7017 were significantly higher than those of the established cloned resistance genes Pik-m and Pi1.Exploring such alleles will enrich ouR gene library for resistance to rice blast.

关键词： genetic diversity near-isogenic line Pik gene resistance gene allele rice blast R gene

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recent advances and emerging trends in antiviral defense networking in rice

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The Crop Journal 2021年第3期9卷 553-563页

作者： Lu Wang Huiting Xie Xiaoyuan Zheng Jiasheng Chen Shuai Zhang Jianguo Wu Vector-borne Virus research Center Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyState Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina

Plants and viruses coexist in the natural ecosystem for extended periods of time,interacting with each other and even coevolving,maintaining a dynamic balance between plant disease resistance and virus pathogenicity.During virus–host interactions,plants often exhibit abnormal growth and development.However,plants do not passively withstand virus attacks but have evolved sophisticated and effective defense mechanisms to resist,limit,or undermine virus infections.It is widely believed that the initial stage of infection features the most intense interactions between the virus and the host and the greatest variety of activated signal transduction pathways.This review describes the most recent findings in rice antiviral research and discusses a variety of rice antiviral molecular mechanisms,including those based on R genes and recessive resistance,rNA silencing,phytohormone signaling,autophagy and WUSmediated antiviral immunity.Finally,we discuss the challenges and future prospects of breeding rice for enhanced virus resistance.

关键词： rice antivirus R gene rNA silencing recessive resistance Hormone

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An atypical NLR gene confers bacterial wilt susceptibility in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2023年第5期4卷 277-294页

作者： Choghag Demirjian Narjes razavi Gang Yu Baptiste Mayjonade Lu Zhang Fabien Lonjon Fabien Chardon Se bastien Carrere Je rome Gouzy Ste phane Genin Alberto PMacho Fabrice roux richard Berthome Fabienne Vailleau LIPME Universite de ToulouseINRAECNRSCastanet-TolosanFrance Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Universite Paris-Saclay INRAEAgroParisTechInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin(IJPB)78000 VersaillesFrance Present address:Department of Cell&Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Present address:Department of Biology NYU12 Waverly PlaceNew YorkNY 10003USA

Quantitative disease resistance(QDr)remains the most prevalent form of plant resistance in crop fields and wild habitats.Genome-wide association studies(GWAS)have proved to be successful in deciphering the quantitative genetic basis of complex traits such as QDr.To unravel the genetics of QDr to the devastating worldwide bacterial pathogen ralstonia solanacearum,we performed a GWAS by challenging a highly polymorphic local mapping population of Arabidopsis thaliana with four r.solanacearum type III effector(T3E)mutants,identified as key pathogenicity determinants after a first screen on an A.thaliana core collection of 25 accessions.Although most quantitative trait loci(QTLs)were highly specific to the identity of the T3E mutant(ripAC,ripAG,ripAQ,and ripU),we finely mapped a common QTL located on a cluster of nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat(NLr)genes that exhibited structural variation.We functionally validated one of these NLrs as a susceptibility factor in response to r.solanacearum,named it Bacterial Wilt Susceptibility 1(BWS1),and cloned two alleles that conferred contrasting levels of QDr.Further characterization indicated that expression of BWS1 leads to suppression of immunity triggered by different r.solanacearum effectors.In addition,we showed a direct interaction between BWS1 and ripAC T3E,and BWS1 and SUPPrESSOr OF G2 ALLELE OF skp1(SGT1b),the latter interaction being suppressed by ripAC.Together,our results highlight a putative role for BWS1 as a quantitative susceptibility factor directly targeted by the T3E ripAC,mediating negative regulation of the SGT1-dependent immune response.

关键词： ralstonia solanacearum typeⅢeffectors Arabidopsis thaliana GWAS R gene susceptibility

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rpivnt1 provides resistance through the mediation of a light responsive guardee in potato

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aBIOTECH 2021年第4期2卷 415-418页

作者： Suvendu Mondal Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India

The disease triangle describes the interrelationship among pathogen,host,and environment towards disease prevalence in the field.The mechanistic role of environment on NLr-mediated resistance was not known until now.recently,a comprehensive work revealed that light controls late blight disease reaction in potato caused by the lrish famine pathogen.A specific R gene rpivnt1 in potato showed dichotomous behavior in disease reaction due to the light-responsive alternate promoter selection of another host gene glycerate 3 kinase(GLYK)during its transcription.The full-length GLYK protein traps the pathogen effector AVrvnt1 into a recognition event which is later sensed by rpivnt1 in the presence of light.In dark,the truncated GLYK protein devoid of its chloroplastic transit peptide could not able to recognize AVrvnt1 and thus resistance get compromised.A possible model for this event is proposed here for ease in understanding.

关键词： Disease resistance Guardee Pathogen effector Programmed cell death R gene resistosome

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