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Towards precision medicine: from quantitative imaging to radiomics

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2018年第1期19卷 6-24页

作者： U.Rajendra ACHARYA Yuki HAGIWARA Vidya K.SUDARSHAN Wai Yee CHAN Kwan Hoong NG Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Ngee Ann Polytechnic Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Science and Technology Singapore University of Social Sciences Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Department of Biomedical imaging Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya

Radiology（imaging） and imaging-guided interventions, which provide multi-parametric morphologic and functional information, are playing an increasingly significant role in precision medicine. Radiologists are trained to understand the imaging phenotypes, transcribe those observations（phenotypes） to correlate with underlying diseases and to characterize the images. However, in order to understand and characterize the molecular phenotype（to obtain genomic information） of solid heterogeneous tumours, the advanced sequencing of those tissues using biopsy is required. Thus, radiologists image the tissues from various views and angles in order to have the complete image phenotypes, thereby acquiring a huge amount of data. Deriving meaningful details from all these radiological data becomes challenging and raises the big data issues. Therefore, interest in the application of radiomics has been growing in recent years as it has the potential to provide significant interpretive and predictive information for decision support. Radiomics is a combination of conventional computer-aided diagnosis, deep learning methods, and human skills, and thus can be used for quantitative characterization of tumour phenotypes. This paper discusses the overview of radiomics workflow, the results of various radiomics-based studies conducted using various radiological images such as computed tomography（CT）, magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）, and positron-emission tomography（PET）, the challenges we are facing, and the potential contribution of radiomics towards precision medicine.

关键词： Radiological imaging Personalised medicine Precision medicine quantitative imaging Radiogenomics Radiomics

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High-resolution bone microstructure imaging based on ultrasonic frequency-domain full-waveform inversion

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第1期30卷 295-310页

作者： Yifang Li Qinzhen Shi Ying Li Xiaojun Song Chengcheng Liu Dean Ta Weiqi Wang Department of Electronic Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The main challenge in bone ultrasound imaging is the large acoustic impedance contrast and sound velocity differences between the bone and surrounding soft tissue. It is difficult for conventional pulse-echo modalities to give accurate ultrasound images for irregular bone boundaries and microstructures using uniform sound velocity assumption rather than getting a prior knowledge of sound speed. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposed a frequency-domain fullwaveform inversion(FDFWI) algorithm for bone quantitative imaging utilizing ultrasonic computed tomography(USCT).The forward model was calculated in the frequency domain by solving the full-wave equation. The inverse problem was solved iteratively from low to high discrete frequency components via minimizing a cost function between the modeled and measured data. A quasi-Newton method called the limited-memory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm(L-BFGS) was utilized in the optimization process. Then, bone images were obtained based on the estimation of the velocity and density. The performance of the proposed method was verified by numerical examples, from tubular bone phantom to single distal fibula model, and finally with a distal tibia-fibula pair model. Compared with the high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography(HR-p QCT), the proposed FDFWI can also clearly and accurately presented the wavelength scaled pores and trabeculae in bone images. The results proved that the FDFWI is capable of reconstructing high-resolution ultrasound bone images with sub-millimeter resolution. The parametric bone images may have the potential for the diagnosis of bone disease.

关键词： quantitative imaging full-waveform inversion bone microstructure ultrasonic computed tomography high resolution

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An in vivo study with an MRI tracer method reveals the biophysical properties of interstitial fluid in the rat brain

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2012年第9期55卷 782-787页

作者： HAN HongBin LI Kai YAN JunHao ZHU Kai FU Yu Department of Radiology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance imaging Device and Technique Beijing 100191China Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100083China Department of Neurology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China

The nature of brain interstitial fluid （ISF） has long been a subject of controversy. Most of the previous studies on brain ISF were carded out in vitro. In the present study, a novel method was developed to characterize ISF in the living rat brain by magnetic resonance （MR） imaging using gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid （Gd-DTPA） as a tracer. Sprague Dawley rats （n=8） were subjected to MR scanning before and after the introduction of Gd-DTPA into the caudate nucleus. A one-way drainage of brain ISF was demonstrated on the dynamic MR images. According to the traditional diffusion model, the diffusion and clearance rate constants of the tracer within brain extracellular space （ECS） were derived as （3.38±1.07）×10^-4 mm2 s^-1 and （7.60±4.18）×10^-5 s^-1. Both diffusion and bulk flow contributed to the drainage of ISF from the caudate nucleus, which demonstrated an ISF-cerebrospinal fluid confluence in the subarachnoid space at the lateral and ventral surface of the brain cortex at 3 h after the injection. By using this newly developed method, the brain ECS and ISF can be quantitatively measured simultaneously in the living brain, which will enhance the understanding of ISF and improve the efficiency of drug therapy via the brain interstitium.

关键词： Gd-DTPA extracellular space quantitative imaging diffusion interstitial fluid

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＂RADIOTRANSCRIPTOMICS＂： A synergy of imaging and transcriptomics in clinical assess- ment

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2016年第1期4卷 1-12页

作者： Amal Katrib William Hsu Alex Bui Yi Xing Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA_ 90095 USA Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Recent advances in quantitative imaging and ＂omics＂ technology have generated a wealth of mineable biological ＂big data＂. With the push towards a P4 ＂predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory＂ approach to medicine, researchers began integrating complementary tools to further tune existing diagnostic and therapeutic models. The field of radiogenomics has long pioneered such multidisciplinary investigations in neuroscience and oncology, correlating genotypic and phenotypic signatures to study structural and functional changes in relation to altered molecular behavior. Given the innate dynamic nature of complex disorders and the role of environmental and epigenetic factors in pathogenesis, the transcriptome can further elucidate serial modifications undetected at the genome level. We therefore propose ＂radiotranscriptomics＂ as a new member of the P4 medicine initiative, combining transcriptome information, including gene expression and isoform variation, and quantitative image annotations.

关键词： quantitative imaging transcriptomics RNA-seq genomics image genomics radiogenomics systems biology precision medicine

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Radiomics/Radiogenomics in hepatocellular carcinoma: Applications and challenges in interventional management

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iLIVER 2022年第2期1卷 96-100页

作者： Jia Fu Shou-jin Cao Li Song Xiao-qiang Tong Jian Wang Min Yang Ying-hua Zou Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery Peking University First HospitalBeijingChina

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death ***,radiomics and radiogenomics have been introduced as novel dimensions in oncology *** the current review,we summarize the clinical appli... 详细信息

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Magnetic resonance imaging Computed tomography quantitative imaging

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imaging in multiple myeloma: Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging?

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World Journal of Radiology 2021年第7期13卷 223-226页

作者： Alberto Stefano Tagliafico Department of Health Sciences(DISSAL) University of GenovaGenova 16138Italy

Multiple myeloma(MM)is the second most common type of hematological disease with its incidence rising in the *** MM,the extent of the bone disease increases both morbidity and *** detection of lytic bone lesions on imaging,especially computerized tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is crucial to separate asymptomatic from symptomatic MM patients even when no clinical symptoms are *** radiology is essential in the staging and management of patients with MM there is still high variability in the choice between MRI and *** addition,there is still suboptimal agreement among *** potential of medical imaging in MM is largely under-evaluated:artificial intelligence,radiomics and new quantitative methods to report CT and MRI will improve imaging usage.

关键词： Multiple myeloma imaging Magnetic resonance imaging Computed tomography quantitative imaging

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quantitative T2＊-Mapping of the Knee Using a Spoiled Gradient Echo Sequence at 3 Tesla： Preliminary Results

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2014年第1期2卷 59-69页

作者： Georg Riegler Xeni Deligianni Vladimir Juras Stefan Zbjgfi Sebastian Apprich Pavol Szomolanyi Michael Weber Oliver Bieri Siegfried Trattnig Department of Biomedical imaging and Image-guided Therapy MR Center of Excellence for High Field MR Medical Universityof Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Radiology Division of Radiological Physics University of Basel Hospital Basel 4031 Switzerland Department of imaging Methods Institute of Measurement Science Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava 84104 Slovakia

Purpose： To evaluate a me-vTE-SPGR （multi echo variable TE Spoiled Gradient Echo Sequence） approach for quantitative T2＊ mapping of the ME （menisci）, the PT （patellar tendon）, the ACL （anterior cruciate ligament）, the PCL （posterior cruciate ligament） and to compare the results between normal and pathological tissue of the ME in the knee joint at 3T （3 Tesla）. Methods： Eighteen consecutive knee patients （35.7± 11.6 years） were examined on 3T. In addition to standard morphological MRI, T2＊-maps were derived from a 0.7 mm isotropic me-vTE-SPGR scan. T2＊-values were assessed by two independent observers using an ROI analysis for the ME （4 different regions： posterior and anterior horn of the medial and lateral meniscus）, PT, ACL and PCL. Intra-class correlation between readers was calculated. Results： On morphological MRI, the PT, ACL and PCL were diagnosed as normal in all cases. Degenerative meniscus and meniscal tears were diagnosed in 13 cases and 9 cases, respectively. T2＊-values of the menisci on me-vTE-SPGR scans, in relation to morphological imaging, were normal （N = 50; 6.0 ±0.9 ms）; degenerative meniscus （N = 13; 8.0± 1.6 ms）; meniscal tears （N = 9; 12.9 ±3.9 ms）, with significant differences between all groups （P 〈 0.05）/ significantly higher T2＊-values in degenerative meniscus and meniscal tears. Mean T2＊ relaxation times for the PT, ACL and PCL were 2.9± 0.8 ms, 8.4 ± 1.6 ms and 8.9 ＋ 1.3 ms respectively. Intra-class correlation values between readers for the ME, PT, ACL and PCL were R2 = 0.962, R2 = 0.927, R2 = 0.594 and R2= 0.648, respectively. Conclusion： Isotropic 3D （three-dimensional） me vTE-SPGR imaging is able to quantify T2＊ values of multiple tissues in the knee joint with short T2 relaxation times.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging quantitative imaging T2* imaging connective tissue knee.

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Future of prostate imaging:Artificial intelligence in assessing prostatic magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Radiology 2023年第5期15卷 136-145页

作者： Lyubomir Chervenkov Nikolay Sirakov Gancho Kostov Tsvetelina Velikova George Hadjidekov Department of Diagnostic imaging Medical University PlovdivPlovdiv 4000Bulgaria Research Complex for Translational Neuroscience Medical University of PlovdivBul.Vasil Aprilov 15APlovdiv 4002Bulgaria Department of Diagnostic imaging Dental Allergology and PhysiotherapyFaculty of Dental MedicineMedical University PlovdivPlovdiv 4000Bulgaria Department of Special Surgery Medical University PlovdivPlovdiv 4000Bulgaria Department of Clinical Immunology University Hospital LozenetzSofia 1407Bulgaria Department of Medical Faculty Sofia University St.Kliment OhridskiSofia 1407Bulgaria Department of Radiology University Hospital LozenetzSofia 1407Bulgaria Department of Physics Biophysics and RadiologyMedical FacultySofia University St.Kliment OhridskiSofia 1407Bulgaria

Prostate cancer(Pca;adenocarcinoma)is one of the most common cancers in adult males and one of the leading causes of death in both men and *** diagnosis of Pca requires substantial experience,and even then the lesions can be difficult to ***,although the diagnostic approach for this disease has improved significantly with the advent of multiparametric magnetic resonance,that technology has certain unresolved *** recent years artificial intelligence(AI)has been introduced to the field of radiology,providing new software solutions for prostate *** mapping of the prostate has become possible through AI and this has greatly improved the accuracy of *** has also allowed for certain suspicious lesions to be attributed to a given group according to the Prostate imaging-Reporting&Data System ***,AI has facilitated the combination of data obtained from clinical,laboratory(prostate-specific antigen),imaging(magnetic resonance),and biopsy examinations,and in this way new regularities can be found which at the moment remain *** evolution of AI in this field is inevitable and it is almost certain to significantly expand the efficacy,accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of Pca.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Deep learning Machine learning Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging Prostate cancer quantitative imaging

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A CAN METHOD TO IMAGE THE quantitative BONDING STRENGTH AT THE BONDED SOLID-SOLID INTERFACE

A CAN METHOD TO IMAGE THE QUANTITATIVE BONDING STRENGTH AT T...

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2012全国压电和声波理论及器件技术研讨会

作者： Jian-jun CHEN De ZHANG Yi-wei MAO Institute of Acoustics Key Laboratory of Modern AcousticsNanjing University

As well known,when a longitudinal wave propagates through an interface with micro-cracks and micro-defects between solids,the contact acoustic nonlinearity（CAN） will be generated dramatically and the nonlinear parameter can be used to contour the bonding state of the *** the contour can only show the relative state of bonding strength and can not be used to judge weather the multilayered composite materials in use is safe because the safe judgment is not by the relative state while by the absolute value of the bonding *** characterization of quantitative bonding strength at the interface is very important for judging a multilayered material in safe *** this paper,how to get the quantitative bonding strength from the CAN parameter is *** the vibration amplitude of incident focusing wave at the bonded interface was calculated,the standard bonding strength with complete bonding state was established by tension test and CAN parameter is calibrated,the quantitative imaging of the bonding strength is obtained by CAN microscope in *** the imaging,the positions with weak bonding strength could be easily located,which can be used to decide whether the material could be employed continuously.

关键词： Bonding strength quantitative imaging Contact Acoustic Nonlinearity

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