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Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Polygonal Faults in Qiongdongnan basin, Northern South China Sea

Journal of China University of Geosciences 2009年第1期20卷 180-192页

作者：孙启良吴时国姚根顺吕福亮 Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Georesource and Information China University of PetroleumQingdao 266555 China PetroChina Hangzhou Institute of Geology Hangzhou 310023 China

Based on high-resolution 3D seismic data, we document the polygonal faults within the Miocene Meishan （梅山） Formation and Huangliu （黄流） Formation of the Qiongdongnan （琼东南） basin, northern South China Sea. Within the seismic section and time coherent slice, densely distributed extensional faults with small throw and polygonal shape were identified in map view. The orientation of the polygonal faults is almost isotropic, indicating a non-tectonic origin. The deformation is clearly layer-bounded, with horizontal extension of 11.2% to 16%, and 13.2% on average. The distribution of polygonal faults shows a negative correlation with that of gas chimneys. The development of polygonal faults may be triggered by over-pressure pore fluid which is restricted in the fine-grained sediments of bathyal facies when the sediments is compacted by the burden above. The polygonal faults developed to balance the volumetric contraction and restricted extension. The product of hydrocarbon in the Meishan Formation may have contributed to the development of the polygonal faults. In the study area, it was thought that the petroleum system of the Neogene post-rift sequence is disadvantageous because of poor migration pathway. However, the discovery of polygonal faults in the Miocene strata, which may play an important role on the fluid migration, may change this view. A new model of the petroleum system for the study area is proposed.

关键词： polygonal fault qlongdongnan basin gas chimney composite channel migration pathway.

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