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A critical review on Nepal Dock(Rumex nepalensis):A tropical herb with immense medicinal importance

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第7期11卷 405-414页

作者： Samrin Shaikh Varsha Shriram Amrita Srivastav Pranoti Barve Vinay Kumar Department of Biotechnology Modern College of Arts Science and Commerce (Savitribai Phule Pune University) Department of Botany Prof. Ramkrishna More College (Savitribai Phule Pune University) Department of Environmental Science Savitribai Phule Pune University

Rumex nepalensis Spreng.(Polygonaceae) commonly known as Nepal Dock has wide-spectrum therapeutic potencies and is extensively used for centuries in traditional medicine systems. The leaves of this plant are edible and a rich source of natural antioxidants. They act as a possible food supplement and are largely used in pharmaceutical industry. Extracts and metabolites from this plant exhibits pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, Purgative, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-algal, central nervous system depressant, genotoxic, wound healing and skeletal muscle relaxant activity. Due to its remarkable biological activities, it has the potential to act as a rich source of drug against life threatening diseases. However, more studies are needed to scientifically validate the traditional uses of this plant, beside isolating and identifying their active principles and characterizing the mechanisms of action. We present herein a critical account of its botany, ecology, traditional uses, phytoconstituent profile and major pharmacological activities reported in recent years and therefore will provide a source of information on this plant for further studies.

关键词： Rumex nepalensis Phytochemical constituents Antioxidant activity Purgative Antiproliferative activity Anti-inflammatory activity Anti-diabetic activity

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Adjuncts to colonic cleansing before colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2735-2740页

作者： Sanghoon Park Yun Jeong Lim Department of Internal Medicine KEPCO Medical CenterKEPCO Medical FoundationSeoul 132-703South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan HospitalGoyang 411-773South Korea

Pre-procedural cleansing of the bowel can maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of colonoscopy.Yet,efficacy of the current gold standard colonic preparation method-high-volume oral administration of Purgative agents 12-24 h prior to the procedure-is limited by several factors,such as patient compliance(due to poor palatability and inconvenience of the dosing regimen)and risks of complications(due to drug interactions or intolerance).Attempts to resolve these limitations have included providing adjunctive agents and methods to promote the colonic cleansing ability of the principal Purgative agent,with the aim of lessening unpleasant side effects(such as bloating)and reducing the large ingested volume requirement.Several promising adjunctive agents are bisacodyl,magnesium citrate,senna,simethicone,metoclopramide,and prokinetics,and each are being investigated for their potential.This review provides an up to date summary of the reported investigations into the potencies and weaknesses of the key adjuncts currently being applied in clinic as supplements to the traditional bowel preparation agents.While the comparative analysis ofthese adjuncts showed that no single agent or method has yet achieved the goal of completely overcoming the limitations of the current gold standard preparation method,they at least provide endoscopists with an array of alternatives to help improve the suboptimal efficacy of the main cleansing solutions when used alone.To aid in this clinical endeavor,a subjective grade was assigned to each adjunct to indicate its practical value.In addition,the systematic review of the currently available agents and methods provides insight into the features of each that may be overcome or exploited to create novel drugs and strategies that may become adopted as effective bowel cleansing adjuncts or alternatives.

关键词： Colonoscopy Cathartics Adjuncts Purgative agents B

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Multicenter,randomized study to optimize bowel for colon capsule endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8615-8625页

作者： David Kastenberg Wilmot C Burch Jr David P Romeo Pankaj K Kashyap David C Pound Neophytos Papageorgiou Ignacio Fernández-Urien Sainz Carly E Sokach Douglas K Rex Division of Gastroenterology Thomas Jefferson University Franklin Gastroenterology PLLC Dayton Gastroenterology Inc. Pinnacle Research Group LLC Indianapolis Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of Gastroenterology American Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology Servicio de Digestivohospital de Navarra Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Indiana University hospital

AIM To assess the cleansing efficacy and safety of a new Colon capsule endoscopy(CCE) bowel preparation regimen.METHODS This was a multicenter,prospective,randomized,controlled study comparing two CCE regimens. Subjects were asymptomatic and average risk for colorectal cancer. The second generation CCE system(Pill Cam? COLON 2;Medtronic,Yoqneam,Israel) was utilized. Preparation regimens differed in the 1 st and 2 nd boosts with the Study regimen using oral sulfate solution(89 m L) with diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium solution("diatrizoate solution")(boost 1 = 60 m L,boost 2 = 30 m L) and the Control regimen oral sulfate solution(89 m L) alone. The primary outcome was overall and segmental colon cleansing. Secondary outcomes included safety,polyp detection,colonic transit,CCE completion and capsule excretion ≤ 12 h. RESULTS Both regimens had similar cleansing efficacy for the whole colon(Adequate: Study = 75.9%,Control = 77.3%;P = 0.88) and individual segments. In the Study group,CCE completion was superior(Study = 90.9%,Control = 76.9%;P = 0.048) and colonic transit was more often < 40 min(Study = 21.8%,Control = 4%;P = 0.0073). More Study regimen subjects experienced adverse events(Study = 19.4%,Control = 3.4%;P = 0.0061),and this difference did not appear related to diatrizoate solution. Adverse events were primarily gastrointestinal in nature and no serious adverse events related either to the bowel preparation regimen or the capsule were observed. There was a trend toward higher polyp detection with the Study regimen,but this did not achieve statistical significance for any size category. Mean transit time through the entire gastrointestinal tract,from ingestion to excretion,was shorter with the Study regimen while mean colonic transit times were similar for both study groups.CONCLUSION A CCE bowel preparation regimen using oral sulfate solution and diatrizoate solution as a boost agent is effective,safe,and achieved superior CCE completion.

关键词： Bowel preparation Purgative Capsule endoscopy Endoscopy Capsule colonoscopy Large intestine

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Methanol extract of Tephrosia vogelii leaves potentiates the contractile action of acetylcholine on isolated rabbit jejunum

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第9期5卷 718-721页

作者： Tavershima Dzenda Joseph Olusegun Ayo Alexander Babatunde Adelaiye Ambrose Osemattah Adaudi Department of Veterinary Physiology Ahmadu Bello University Department of Human Physiology Ahmadu Bello University Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology Ahmadu Bello University

Objective:To investigate the modulating role of methanol extract of Tephrosia vogelii leaves on acetylcholine(ACh)-induced contraction of isolated rabbit jejunum.Methods: Rabbit jejunum segment was removed and placed in an organ bath containing Tyrode's solution, and its contractions were recorded isometrically.Results: ACh(2.0 × 10-10 g/m L) and the extract(2.0 × 10-4 g/m L) individually increased the frequency of contraction(mean ± SEM) of the isolated smooth muscle tissue by 47.6% ± 9.5% and 77.8% ± 66.5%, respectively. When ACh and the extract were combined, the frequency of contraction of the tissue was increased by 222.2% ± 25.9%, representing a 366.7% increase(P Purgative.

关键词： Tephrosia vogelii Acetylcholine Intestine Contraction Purgative

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