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Modelling the utility of group testing for public health surveillance

Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 1009-1024页

作者： Günther Koliander Georg Pichler Acoustics Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesWohllebengasse 12-141040ViennaAustria Institute of Telecommunications TU WienGußhausstraße 25/E3891040ViennaAustria

In epidemic or pandemic situations,resources for testing the infection status of individuals may be *** group testing can help to significantly increase testing capabilities,the(repeated)testing of entire populations can exceed the resources of any *** thus propose an extension of the theory of group testing that takes into account the fact that definitely specifying the infection status of each individual is *** theory builds on assigning to each individual an infection status(healthy/infected),as well as an associated cost function for erroneous *** cost function is versatile,e.g.,it could take into account that false negative assignments are worse than false positive assignments and that false assignments in critical areas,such as health care workers,are more severe than in the general *** on this model,we study the optimal use of a limited number of tests to minimize the expected *** specifically,we utilize information-theoretic methods to give a lower bound on the expected cost and describe simple strategies that can significantly reduce the expected cost over currently known strategies.A detailed example is provided to illustrate our theory.

关键词： Group testing public health surveillance Source coding Rate-distortion theory

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health Vigilance and Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer: A Study in the State of Maranhão, Brazil

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 75-89页

作者： José Márcio Soares Leite Carlos Tomaz School of Medicine CEUMA University S&#227o Luís Brazil Master’s Program in Environment CEUMA University S&#227o Luís Brazil

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the importance of health vigilance in the prevention of cervical cancer. The sample consisted of 536 women. To identify which risk factors were associated with cervical cancer or with an increase in the mortality rate of this kind of cancer, a logistic regression model was used. The Odds Ratios (OR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals were also calculated. Most of them were at the age of highest incidence of cervical cancer (21 - 59 years old), had an unstable conjugal situation, minimal educational level (78.7%), low income (58.3%), consumed alcoholic beverages (56.4%), had a history of smoking (57.0%) and possessed limited knowledge about the prevention. These results are discussed in terms of a predictive model for cervical cancer that considers the importance of public health vigilance in the screening and precocious diagnosis.

关键词： Cancer Cervix Uteri public health surveillance Epidemiology

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Analysis of temporal trends of human brucellosis between 2013 and 2018 in Yazd Province, Iran to predict future trends in incidence: A time-series study using ARIMA model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第6期13卷 272-277页

作者： Vahid Rahmanian Saied Bokaie Karamatollah Rahmanian Saeed Hosseini Aliakbar Taj Firouzeh Zoonoses Research Center Jahrom University of Medical SciencesJahromIran health Policy Research Center Institute of HealthShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Epidemiology and Zoonosis Division Department of Food Hygiene Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran health Monitoring Research Center School of MedicineShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences YazdIran

Objective:To determine the temporal patterns of cumulative incidence of brucellosis using autoregressive integrated moving average ***:This cross-sectional study employed yearly and monthly data of 1117 laboratory-confirmed human brucellosis cases from January 2013 to December 2018 using the Yazd brucellosis national surveillance *** monthly incidences constructed a timeseries *** trend of cumulative incidence was perceived by tracing a line plot,which displayed a seasonal trend with ***,the ARIMA models were ***,Akaike information criteria(AIC)and Bayesian information criterion(BIC)values among different models indicated a preferable model from models which were expanded by diverse lags[(3,0,3),(2,0,3),(3,0,2),(4,0,3)and(3,0,4)].Then,the achieved ARIMA model was applied to the forecasting cumulative incidence of monthly brucellosis *** analyses were performed using Stata,version ***:For the ARIMA(3,0,4)model,MAPE value was 56.20%with standard error 0.009–0.016,and white noise diagnostic check(Q=19.79,P=0.975)for the residuals of the selected model showed that the data were completely *** monthly incidences that were fitted by the ARIMA(3,0,4)model,with AIC(25.7)and BIC(43.35)with a similar pattern of actual cases from 2013 to 2018 and forecasting incidences from January 2019 to December 2019 were,respectively,0.50,0.44,0.45,0.49,0.55,0.58,0.56,0.51,0.46,0.44,0.45 and 0.49 per 100000 ***:In summary,the study showed that the ARIMA(3,0,4)model can be applied to forecast human brucellosis patterns in Yazd province,supplementing present surveillance systems,and may be better for health policy-makers and planners.

关键词： Malta fever Forecasting public health surveillance Iran

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Injury surveillance information system: A review of the system requirements

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2020年第3期23卷 168-175页

作者： Nader Mirani Haleh Ayatollahi Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh Department of health Information Management School of Health Management and Information SciencesIran University of Medical SciencesTehran***Iran health Management and Economics Research Center Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran***Iran Workplace health Promotion Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran198353-5511Iran Department of health in Emergencies and Disasters Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran***Iran

Purpose: An injury surveillance information system (ISIS) collects, analyzes, and distributes data on injuries to promote health care delivery. The present study aimed to review the data elements and functional requirements of this ***: This study was conducted in 2019. Studies related to injury surveillance system were searched from January 2000 to September 2019 via the databases of PubMed, Web of Knowledge, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Articles related to the epidemiology of injury, population survey, and letters to the editor were excluded, while the review and research articles related to ISISs were included in the study. Initially 324 articles were identified, and finally 22 studies were selected for review. Having reviewed the articles, the data needed were extracted and the results were synthesized ***: The results showed that most of the systems reviewed in this study used the minimum data set suggested by the World health Organization injury surveillance guidelines along with supplementary data. The main functions considered for the system were injury track, data analysis, report, data linkage, electronic monitoring and data ***: ISISs can help to improve healthcare planning and injury prevention. Since different countries have various technical and organizational infrastructures, it is essential to identify system requirements in different settings.

关键词： Dataset Information systems Injury Trauma public health surveillance Wounds and injuries

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