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Institutions as Tools of public policy： A Comparative Evaluation of South East Asian-Sub-Saharan African Post War Development

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2015年第5期5卷 319-332页

作者： Munetsi Mandere Nottingham Trent University Graduate School Clifton Campus Nottingham NG11 8NS UK

In general, it can be argued that institutional framework a country or region designs plays a significant role in crafting, applying or even success of public policy. Drawing lessons from how Asia exploited the developmental state＇s concept by designing institutions which targeted key public policy areas such as education, health, domestic savings, and rural development, or aligned infrastructures such as roads, transport and ports, to drive economic development. The paper explores how this approach can be applied in sub-Saharan Africa （or individual countries）. The objective is to extricate constant factors impacting development both in ahistorical and atemporal terms. The investigation is guided by the key question： whether quality of institutions and institutional analysis can help explain development failures in Africa？ Hence, on one part, it probes institutions, institution-making, public policy making and what uniquely the Asian developmental state did that can help illuminate institutional role in policymaking and application. In pursuing this objective, the paper is cognisant of the question by Brousseau et al. asked, regarding generalizability of institutional capabilities, ＂If growth-enhancing institutions are identified in a specific country, can other countries learn from and transplant these＂. The investigation concludes that in public policy and development strategy-making institutions do matter as they delimit or even help create possibilities necessary for development and its sustenance, and to a certain extent, they are the vital constant （factors） that explains development differentiations in different geographic spaces or time periods.

关键词： Development developmental state institutions I0 (international organisations) public policy SEA (South East Asia) SSA (Sub-Saharan Africa).

Social Media and the public policy Process in Egypt

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2014年第6期4卷 367-378页

作者： Amany Ahmed Khodair Mahmoud Khalifa Suez Canal University Suez Canal Egypt

For the past three years the political environment in Egypt, and the middle east in general, has undergone substantial change such as increase in public opinion and awareness, increase in political participation, increase in voting turnout franchise as well as introducing a new paradigm of communication which has great influence on the political and social landscape of the world ＂Social Media＂. The aim of this study is to explore the impact and effect of social media （Facebook） on the changing political environment of the public policy process in Egypt. This article analyzes the different stages of the public policy Process in Egypt, with application to the Minimum and Maximum Wage policy, and examines how it was influenced by the Facebook, as a device of the social media, as a new channel of political mobilization.

关键词： social media public policy Facebook

Scientific Initiation： Meanings and Peculiarities of public policy in Brazil

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Sociology Study 2014年第8期4卷 700-707页

作者： Marilene Batista da Cruz Nascimento Marilia Costa Morosini Josevania Teixeira Guedes University Tiradentes Brazil Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul Brazil School Pio Decimo Brazil

This paper aims to analyze the Scientific Initiation （SI） as public policy of higher education in Brazil, from meanings and peculiarities of this device in the undergraduate academic＇s formation, created jointly with the National Research Council in 1951 currently National Council for Scientific and Technological Development （CNPq）. This corporation emerged from the recognition of the strategic importance of science and necessity of institutionalization of encouragement and fostering research. This is a theoretical bibliographical study and documentary that evidences the contributions and limits of SI while political science training should be part of academic activities to provide the development and support of investigative spirit. The concept of SI was established in universities as an activity to be developed in order to encourage the student to become familiar with scientific practices. The study concluded that SI is based on institutionalized norms within higher education to foster the development of science, and it is considered as an important strategy of expansion of graduate studies in Brazil.

关键词： public policy Scientific Initiation (SI) higher education

Research on low-carbon development of electric power industry:from the perspectives of public policy

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Ecological Economy 2010年第4期6卷 334-341页

作者： RAN Jing-liang ZENG Shao-lun School of Economics and Management Sichuan University of Science ＆ Engingering Zigong 643000 P. R. China

It is a fundamental way to achieve sustainable development and inclusive growth that China takes the low-carbon development *** low-carbon development is an effective way to respond to many threats,including global climate anomalies,environmental degradation,and energy ***-carbon economy is policy economy to a large *** the external environment demands low-carbon development of electric power industry,enterprises lack intrinsic *** power industry is the pillar industry of China,and is one of the key industries for China's low-carbon *** government needs to ensure its dominant position in the low-carbon development of electric power industry,and reform the government performance management system and promote the planning and management of electric power industry through appropriate public policy,in order to adjust the structure of the electric power industry and take a low-carbon development road with Chinese characteristics.

关键词： Electric power industry Energy saving and emission reduction Low-carbon development public policy

Study on the public policy Process of Urban Planning of Henan Province

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International Journal of Technology Management 2016年第11期 56-58页

作者： HU Xiaojing Luoyang Urban Planning and Architecture Design Research Institute Co. Ltd

Along with the development progress of the economy in Central China, there are new breakthroughs achieved by Henan province in the public policy making in the urban planning. In Henan province, the implementation schemes related to the public policies such as Zhengzhou City Planning, High-tech Zone Construction in the First-tier City, and the Integrated Development of the Central Plains Urban Areas appeared in the process of implementing the new urbanization strategy.

关键词： Henan Province Urban Planning public policy

China＇s Population Aging from the Perspective of public policy

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Social Sciences in China 2011年第4期32卷 106-124页

作者： Hu Zhan Peng Xizhe State Innovative Institute for public Management and public policy Studies Fudan University School of Social Development and public policy Fudan University

Population aging will become the norm in the Chinese society. Its challenge derives mainly from the failure of the existing socio-economic system to cope with the aging process. The intervention of public policy is therefore inevitable. This paper argues that in order to comprehensively deal with the aging problem, it is not sufficient to merely readjust population policies, policy measures focusing on the aged or policies for one or another sector. Instead, we need to reconstruct the current public policy system from the perspective of social integration and a long-term development strategy. During the reconstruction process, efforts should be made not only to coordinate the population system with other social systems, but also to coordinate short-term goals with medium and longterm strategies. Accordingly, an authoritative permanent government coordinating agency should be established and, taking into account China＇s national conditions, should redefine the social role of senior citizens, solve practical problems related to support for the aged and support the sustainable development of an aging society.

关键词： population aging public policy family demographic dividend sustainable development

On a Synergistic Operating Mechanism for China's Intellectual Property public policy System:A Study of China's Technology Transfer policy System

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Social Sciences in China 2013年第1期34卷 179-194页

作者：刘华周莹 Qu Yunying Institute of Intellectual Property Central China Normal University School of Management Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Following the change of objectives in China＇s public policy on intellectual property and the continuous increase in that policy＇s range of adjustment and number of policy input sources, the focus of policy making should be shifted to perfecting the policy system and its operating mechanism. However, the present operating model of technology transfer policy still adheres to the conventional emphasis on the effectiveness of individual policies. Conflicts between policies cancel out efficiency, leading to internal friction which may make the system as a whole work less effective. This paper applies the principle of synergetics to the construction and operation of the public policy system. On the basis of the high efficiency and practical value of synergistic operating mechanisms, we put forward concrete measures for establishing a synergistic operating mechanism for Chinese technology transfer policy.

关键词： intellectual property public policy synergetics operating mechanism

Research on the Present Situation and Form of Guangzhou Citizen Participation in public policy

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Research on the Present Situation and Form of Guangzhou Citi...

Disability and public policy in the United States

2010公共管理国际会议（第六届）

作者： SUN Yong-yi JIANG Guo-bing Guangdong Institute of public Administration South China Agricultural University

Guangzhou citizen participation in public policy has experienced three phrases: From government-centered participation to symbolic participation, and from symbolic participation to complete participation. Its essence is the process from government-based to autonomation. Guangzhou citizen participation in public policy has certain economic, political, social, and technical foundations in reality. There also exit some restrictions from the participants’ own factors and the environmental factors in Guangzhou citizen participation in public policy. Guangzhou citizens’ realistic choice of further participation in public policy is through institutional or non-institutional participation and a variety of forms, rationally and effectively participating in the whole process of public policy formulation, implementation, evaluation, monitoring, and revision. The Guangzhou municipal government needs to reexamine its area of responsibility and authority limits, to increase the support of citizen participation, and to provide legal guarantee and to perfect technological support. Meanwhile, the citizen society should also have reasonable constraint, forming the good cooperative relations with the government, which will ultimately lead the government and society towards good governance.

关键词： Guangzhou municipal government Citizen Participation public policy Current situation Form

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Disability and Public Policy in the United States