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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第1期15卷 92-99页

作者： Nanae Tanemura Maika Asawa Mayuko Kuroda Tsuyoshi Sasaki Yoshiaki Iwane Hisashi Urushihara Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science Faculty of PharmacyKeio University1-5-30 ShibakoenMinato-kuTokyo 105-8512Japan Department of Child Psychiatry Chiba University HospitalChibaJapan KRAFT Inc. TokyoJapan

Background Off-label use of psychotropic prescriptions for pediatric patients has been increasing in *** study sought to clarify pediatric patients' off-label use of psychotropics approved only for adults in *** This retrospective study on psychotropic utilization employed a pharmaceutical health insurance claims database supplied by a pharmacy for the fiscal year *** psychotropic drugs were *** each drug,we calculated the proportion of patients aged psychotropics that were limited to adult use in *** results indicated the possibility of referring to international guidelines or evidence in clinical practice,but these factors do not discount the existing problems with off-label *** clinical trials within the pediatric population in Japan are needed to address the issue of off-label use and obtain useful and reliable information in the package inserts for rational use in future pediatric patients.

关键词： Japan Off-label use Pediatric Prescription psychotropic drug

psychotropic effects of aspirin, acetylsalicylate cobalt and acetylsalicylate zinc at various doses

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Health 2012年第11期4卷 1041-1045页

作者： Tatyana V. Yakovchyuk Oksana V. Katiushyna Ivan I. Koreniuk Denis R. Khusainov Tatyana V. Gamma Department of Human and Animal Physiology and Biophysics Faculty of Biology National Tavrida Vernadskii University Simfe-ropol Ukraine

For the first time it is shown that psychotropic action of acetylsalicylates at various doses is manifested as a nonmonotonic dependence having its peaks at therapeutic and ultra-low dose zones. It is discovered that development of effects of aspirin resembles that of acetylsalicylate zinc. Acetylsalicylate cobalt at extremely low doses zone showed the highest antidepressant activity, demonstrating toxicity at high doses. Generally, it is revealed that the use of aspirin and its salts at high doses range causes maximum psychotropic effects development, usually accompanied by side-effects. Therefore, aspirin, acetylsalicylate cobalt and zinc at extremely low doses are recommended for further study as psychotropic medications.

关键词： Acetylsalicylic Acid Acetylsalicylate Cobalt Acetylsalicylate Zinc psychotropic Action Behavioral Tests Ultra-Low Doses Rats

Epidemiological Approach to the Use of psychotropic Medications at Moulay El Hassan Hospital, in the Gharb Region of Morocco

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2017年第2期8卷 9-23页

作者： Zahra Dakir Ahmed Ahami Sanae Sadek Samira Mouden Asmae Belala Fatima Benel Harkati Khalid Bouchikh Equip of Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience and Health Department of Biology Faculty of Science Ibn Tofail University Kenitra Morocco Department of Biology Faculty of Science Ibn Tofa &#207 l University Kenitra Morocco Moulay El Hassan Health Center Psychiatry Department Kenitra Morocco

The use of psychotropic drugs is important in Morocco related to the large amount of sufferers by psychiatric disorders, according to a survey of the Moroccan Ministry of Health (2010). A prevalence of 26.5% of depressive disorders, and 9% for generalized anxiety disorder, and 5.6% of psychotic disorders was recorded within population, hence the importance to describe the use and assess the prevalence of psychotropic and socio-economic factors was associated with their use. Our research is a retrospective study, carried out between February 2010-December 2013, holding a sample of 5618 patients aged between 1 and 90 years old. The study is concerned with drawing social and clinical data from patients’ records. The different classes of psychotropic drugs prescribed to patients in the psychiatric department Moulay El Hassan Hospital, vary between antidepressants (36%), antipsychotics (32%), anxiolytics (10%), anti-epileptics (9%), the class of diverse “sulpiride” (7%), anti-parkinsonian (6%), and hypnotics were prescribed in rare cases. The relationship between socio-economic factors and the take of a psychotropic treatment was very strong in Morocco. In contrast, the patients support showed by close families and the health care staff remain a challenge for Moroccan population.

关键词： Psychotic Disorders psychotropic Socio-Economic Factors Morocco

HPTLC-MS as a Neoteric Hyphenated Technique for Separation and Forensic Identification of Drugs

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2018年第1期8卷 1-15页

作者： Kanak Lata Verma Manoj Kumar Amar Pal Singh Regional Forensic Science Laboratory Government of NCT of Delhi New Delhi India Forensic Science Post Graduate Course Department of Anthropology University of Delhi New Delhi India

Drugs are traditionally been identified on basis of chromatographic-spectroscopic hyphenated techniques in instrumental analysis. Gas chromatography (GC) and Liquid chromatography (LC) hyphenated with mass spectroscopy (MS) i.e. GC-MS and LC-MS give reliable and confirmatory results in drugs identification. In the present work the novel hyphenated technique High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (HPTLC-MS) has been used. This technique provides efficient, quick and simple method for identification and separation of Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The drugs under study are Papaverine, Methadone, Cocaine, Ketamine, Caffeine, Codeine, Diazepam, Thebaine, Heroin, Methamphetamine, Carbamazepine, Morphine, Narcotine and Ephedrine. The present study comprising of sixteen drugs has been carried out on CAMAG HPTLC instrument with automatic sampling. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates were developed in various solvent systems, scanned under TLC scanner and the results in terms of Retention Factor (Rf value) and UV spectrum (λmax) are presented in the manuscript. Using hyphenated technique of HPTLC-MS (MS 2020 SHIMADZU) spots of these drugs from TLC plate was lifted with CAMAG TLC-MS interface and confirmed by the mass spectrum of the individual drugs by their m/z values thus delivering fast and accurate confirmatory result on the TLC plate.

关键词： Narcotic Drugs psychotropic Substances HPTLC-MS Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy Hyphenated Techniques Forensic Science

Management guidelines for behavioural and psychotic symptoms in persons with dementia—A review article

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2014年第1期4卷 5-8页

作者： Premkumar Jeyapaul Simon Manchip Alderney Hospital Dorset HealthCare University Foundation Trust Poole UK Avon & Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust Swindon UK

This paper is a review article which has systematically gathered contemporary evidence, the best practice guidelines for the management, treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia and the various approaches including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. It sets out to outline the various types of behaviour in different subtypes of dementia and a practical approach for clinicians in managing these behaviours.

关键词： BPSD Dementia Mental Capacity Act Mental Health Act Medication psychotropic Depression Psychosis Aggression

More than Half of Patients with Schizophrenia Are Receiving Polypharmacy and Co-Prescription of Anxiolytics in Pakistan —Findings from Research on Asian Prescription Pattern in 2016

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2018年第3期8卷 199-211页

作者： Mazhar Malik Usman Ghani Nariman Awais Nargis Munir Afzal Javed Munir Hamirani Nasar Sayeed Kahn Shu-Yu Yang Liang-Yu Chen Shih-Ku Lin Norman Sartorius Chay-Hoon Tan Mian-Yoon Chong Masaki Shinfuku Sandeep Grover Winston W. Shen Naotaka Shinfuku Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Rawal Institute of Health Sciences Islamabad Pakistan Pakistan Psychiatric Research Center Fountain House Lahore Pakistan Department of Psychiatry Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi Pakistan Department of Psychiatry Services Hospital Lahore Pakistan Taipei City Hospital and Psychiatric Center Taiwan Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programs Geneva Switzerland National University of Singapore Singapore Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and School of Medicine Chang Gung University Taiwan Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Medical Center Tokyo Japan Department of Psychiatry Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PIGMER) Chandigah India Departments of Psychiatry Medical Center and College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Kobe University School of Medicine Kobe Japan

Objective: Little is known about the prescription pattern of psychotropic drugs for patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristic features of psychotropic drug prescriptions for patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan. Methods: Three centers in Pakistan participated in a large scale collaborative study known as Research on Asian Prescription Pattern (REAP). The 2016 REAP survey included centers from 15 countries in Asia and used a unified research protocol. The design of the study was quantitative and of descriptive epidemiology. Analysis was made on the data collected from three centers i.e., Lahore, Karachi and Islamabad. The data collected in Pakistan were compared with those from other Asian countries. The details of REAP were presented on the homepage of REAP (http://***). Results: From Pakistan, 298 patients were included. Patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan received higher rate of antipsychotic polypharmacy and a higher rate of co-prescription of mood stabilizers and anxiolytics when compared with participants from other South Asian countries (India and Bangladesh). Conclusion: The main findings of the study were that a majority of the patients were prescribed antipsychotic polypharmacy drugs in Pakistan. Insufficient training on the use of psychotropic drugs and a lack of treatment guideline are considered to be the major contributing factors. Further education and training on the proper use of psychotropic drugs are recommended to psychiatrists in Pakistan. The guidelines on pharmacotherapy for patients with schizophrenia should also be developed and promoted in Pakistan.

关键词： Pakistan psychotropic Drugs Polypharmacy REAP Schizophrenia