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Revealing the Structure-Property Difference of Natural Rubber Prepared by Different Methods: protein and Gel Content are Key Factors

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 457-467页

作者： Shao-Qi Huang Jun-Qi Zhang Yong Zhu Ling-Min Kong Lu-Sheng Liao Fu-Quan Zhang Zheng-Tian Xie Jin-Rong Wu State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Rubber Processing Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesZhanjiang524001China

Natural rubber (NR) is widely used in various fields including aerospace, military industry and transportation due to its superior elasticity and comprehensive mechanical properties. Nonetheless, the commercial NR prepared by different methods usually exhibits different mechanical properties, primarily due to variations in processing conditions during the conversion from latex to bulk rubber material. Consequently, this poses challenges in scientific research and industrial production of NR. In order to assess the properties of various commercially available NR and identify key structural and compositional components, this study systematically compares and analyzes four representative NR raw materials: air dried sheet (ADS), ribbed smoked sheets (RSS), constant viscidity NR (CV), and whole field latex rubber (WF). The investigation focuses on evaluating their static mechanical behavior, SIC behavior, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance. The findings indicate that protein and gel content exhibit a crucial influence on the NR properties. These constituents contribute to the formation of a high-crosslinking density region, generating a heterogeneous network structure within the rubber. This structure amplifies strains during deformation, leading to earlier and stronger strain-induced crystallization (SIC). Among the four commercial NR brands, RSS demonstrates superior overall mechanical and dynamic properties owing to its high protein and gel content. This study serves as a valuable reference for comprehending the differences in properties among various commercial NR, thereby offering guidance for the actual processing and selection of NR.

关键词： Natural rubber Processingmethod protein Gel content Property

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A Review on Characteristics, Extraction Methods and Applications of Renewable Insect protein

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第5期12卷 923-950页

作者： Adelya Khayrova Sergey Lopatin Valery Varlamov Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow119071Russia

Due to the expected rise in the world population,an increase in the requirements for quality and safety of food and feed is expected,which leads to the growing demand for new sources of sustainable and renewable *** protein is gaining importance as a renewable material for several reasons,reﬂecting its potential contribu-tions to sustainability,resource efﬁciency,and environmental *** insect species are known to be able to efﬁciently convert organic waste into high-value products such as protein,requiring less land and water compared to traditional *** addition,insect farming produces fewer greenhouse gas emissions,contri-buting to mitigating climate *** are considered as a major potential alternative to animal or plant protein due to their many nutritional beneﬁts,including high protein,mineral,and vitamin *** average,the protein content of insects ranges between 35%and 60%dry weight,which exceeds plant protein sources,such as cereal,soybeans,and *** the acceptance of insect protein grows and technologies advance,the food and feed industries continue to explore and expand their applications,offering consumers diverse and sustainable pro-tein *** this review,we discuss the recentﬁndings relating to insect protein focusing on its characteristics,extraction methods,applications,and opportunities along with some trade-offs and uncertainties.

关键词： Circular economy waste utilisation protein insect Hermetia illucens

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Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Model-Based Prediction for protein Content in Cowpea

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 145-160页

作者： Kavera Biradar Waltram Ravelombola Aurora Manley Caroline Ruhl Texas A&M AgriLife Research Vernon TX USA University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad India Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a multi-purpose legume with high quality protein for human consumption and livestock. The objective of this work was to develop near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) prediction models to estimate protein content in cowpea. A total of 116 cowpea breeding lines with a wide range of protein contents (19.28 % to 32.04%) were selected to build the model using whole seed and ground seed samples. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) regression technique with different pre-treatments (derivatives, standard normal variate, and multiplicative scatter correction) were carried out to develop the protein prediction model. Results showed: 1) spectral plots of both the whole seed and ground seed showed higher spectral scatter at higher wavelengths (>1450 nm), 2) data pre-processing affects prediction accuracy for bot whole seed and ground seed samples, 3) prediction using ground seed samples (0.64 R2 0.85) is better than the whole seed (0.33 R2 0.78), and 4) the data pre-processing second derivative with standard normal variate has the best prediction (R2_whole seed = 0.78, R2_ground seed = 0.85). The results will be of interest in cowpea breeding programs aimed at improving total seed protein content.

关键词： Cowpea Germplasm protein Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Partial Least Squares (PLS)

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protein@PP-Zn nanocomplex assembled by coordination of zinc ions used for intracellular protein delivery

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第8期66卷 2354-2362页

作者： Liyun Cui Sainan Liu Fan Wu Hua Chen Yuanfeng Li Linqi Shi Yong Liu Rujiang Ma Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education Institute of Polymer ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational MedicineWenzhou325001China Translational Medicine Laboratory the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China

In recent years,intracellular delivery of protein drugs has attracted great attention,and polymer-based systems have been extensively exploited to develop efficient and safe ***,efficient intracellular delivery of protein drugs remains a challenge because of the cell membrane barrier and endosome ***,we report a protein@PP-Zn nanocomplex,which consists of an imidazole-containing block polymer poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(β-amino ester)(PEG-b-PAE(Im),PP),zinc ions,and protein drugs,for efficient intracellular protein ***-b-PAE(Im)could conjugate proteins via the bridging effect of zinc ions which simultaneously coordinate with imidazole groups on polymer and electron donor groups,such as imidazole and primary amine groups,on protein to improve the loading stability of *** a slightly acidic environment near cancer cells,the protonation of PAE(Im)backbone increases the positive charge density of the nanocomplex and promotes *** under a more acidic environment in endosomes,further protonation of imidazole groups leads to the disintegration of the nanocomplex and the breakdown of endosomes because of the proton sponge ***,protein is released into the *** the assistance of the nanocomplex,proteins with different sizes and isoelectric points are effectively delivered into *** work provides a stable,efficient and universal strategy for intracellular protein delivery.

关键词： protein zinc ions intracellular delivery coordination polymer

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Classification of Human protein in Multiple Cells Microscopy Images Using CNN

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 1763-1780页

作者： Lina Al-joudi Muhammad Arif Department of Computer Science AI(CS-AI) Umm Al Qura University(UQU)Makkah24231Saudi Arabia

The subcellular localization of human proteins is vital for understanding the structure of human *** play a significant role within human cells,as many different groups of proteins are located in a specific location to perform a particular *** these functions will help in discoveringmany diseases and developing their *** importance of imaging analysis techniques,specifically in proteomics research,is becoming more *** recent advances in deep learning techniques for analyzing microscopy images,classification models have faced critical challenges in achieving high *** protein subcellular images have a significant class *** use oversampling and under sampling techniques in this research to overcome this *** have used a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)model called GapNet-PL for the multi-label classification task on the Human protein Atlas Classification(HPA)*** have found that the ParametricRectified LinearUnit(PreLU)activation function is better than the Scaled Exponential LinearUnit(SeLU)activation function in the GapNet-PL model in most classification *** results showed that the GapNet-PL model with the PReLU activation function achieved an area under the ROC curve(AUC)equal to 0.896,an F1 score of 0.541,and a recall of 0.473.

关键词： CNN protein PReLU SeLU microscopy images subcellular localization multi-cells

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An AND-Gate DNA Nanodevice for Dual protein-Mediated,Tumor-Specific Imaging

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第12期41卷 1437-1442页

作者： Zetan Fan Fangzhi Yu Mingming Yu Lele Li CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China Beijing Municipal Pollution Source Management Center Beijing 100089 China Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China

Sensitive and specific imaging of tumor-associated biomarkers offers an effective way for cancer ***,most of the reported imaging probes are limited to the targeting of a single biomarker,which may impair imaging ***,we report an aptamer-based,AND-gate DNA nanodevice that relies on the sequential processing of two tumor-associated proteins to produce a specific fluorescent signal for precise tumor *** DNA nanodevice integrates an AS1411 aptamer to bind cell surface nucleolin for tumor targeting and a DNA sensor to respond to intracellular apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 for activatable *** evaluated the performance of the system in both living cells and a tumor-bearing mouse model,and demonstrated its capability in tumor cell-specific *** anticipate that this strategy will accelerate the design of multivariate protein-stimulated probes for tumor diagnosis.

关键词： Aptamer DNA nanodevice protein Sensor Bioimaging

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Research progress of protein haze in white wines

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1427-1438页

作者： Zhaolong Liu Le Xu Jun Wang Changqing Duan Yanfeng Sun Qingsen Kong Fei He Center for Viticulture and Enology College of Food Science&Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100083China College of Agriculture Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000China Ji’an Ginseng Featuer Industry Development Center Ji’an 134200China Ji’an Yajiang Valley Winery Co. Ltd.Ji’an 134202China

protein haze was one of the main causes of the instability of white wines. proteins that caused haze or precipitation in white wines mainly came from grape fruits, and their compositions and contents were affected by many factors such as fruit diseases, harvesting methods and water stress. Unstable wine proteins were usually pathogenesis-related(PR)proteins of grapes, mainly chitinases and thaumatin-like proteins(TLPs), which had lower isoelectric point(pI)and smaller molecular weight, and were highly resistant to the low pH values of wines and the protease hydrolysis during fermentation. At present, the technology of protein stabilization and clarification in white wines mainly included bentonite fining, heat treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, polysaccharide treatment and ultrafiltration methods. Among them, the most commonly used method was bentonite treatment. In this paper, the research progresses of the origin, mechanism and influencing factors of the unstable proteins in white wines were summarized, and the applications, advantages and disadvantages of various clarification techniques were also concluded, in order to provide some support for the theoretical and technological research of the protein stability in white wines in the future.

关键词： White wine protein Haze Bentonite Stabilization

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Evaluation on performance of MM/PBSA in nucleic acid-protein systems

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第4期31卷 727-732页

作者： Yuan-Qiang Chen Yan-Jing Sheng Hong-Ming Ding Yu-Qiang Ma Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research School of Physical Science and TechnologySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

The molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area(MM/PBSA) method has been widely used in predicting the binding affinity among ligands,proteins,and nucleic ***,the accuracy of the predicted binding energy by the standard MM/PBSA is not always good,especially in highly charged *** this work,we take the protein-nucleic acid complexes as an example,and showed that the use of screening electrostatic energy(instead of Coulomb electrostatic energy) in molecular mechanics can greatly improve the performance of MM/*** particular,the Pearson correlation coefficient of dataset Ⅱ in the modified MM/PBSA(i.e.,screening MM/PBSA) is about 0.52,much better than that(<0.33)in the standard MM/***,we also evaluate the effect of solute dielectric constant and salt concentration on the performance of the screening MM/*** present study highlights the potential power of the screening MM/PBSA for predicting the binding energy in highly charged bio-systems.

关键词： molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area(MM/PBSA) screening electrostatic interaction protein nucleic acid molecular dynamics simulation

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Identification of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein as a novel citrullinated autoantigen in rheumatoid arthritis

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2022年第1期2卷 5-14页

作者： Xiaozhen Zhao Yuling Chen Wen Wen Yongjing Cheng Ru Li Xu Liu Yuhui Li Rulin Jia Haiteng Deng Zhanguo Li Xiaolin Sun Clinical Immunology Center Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyPeking University People's Hospital BeijingChina 2Department of RheumatologyBeijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina National Center of Gerontology Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyBeijing HospitalBeijingChina Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science BeijingChina

Background:A specific feature of the autoimmune response in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is the presence of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies(ACPAs)in patient *** antibodies can appear several years before disease onset and are involved in the development of ***:We performed proteomic analysis by mass spectroscopy to identify novel citrullinated antigens and autoantibodies in RA ***:Polypeptides isolated from the sera of RA patients were identified by Orbitrap high-precision mass spectrometry and then citrulline-containing proteins were *** levels of ACPAs against these newly identified citrullinated autoantigens in sera of 100 RA patients and 50 healthy controls were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***:A total of 135 proteins were identified in RA patients and the protein profile included 11 citrulline-containing *** of the 11 citrullinated proteins had been reported in previous *** against the novel citrullinated epitopes from these proteins were increased in sera from the RA patients compared with those from healthy *** against one of the citrullinated antigens,lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP),was significantly increased in RA patients and associated with disease *** titer of anti-citrullinated LBP antibodies(anti-cLBP)was closely related to the infection incidence in RA ***:Serum protein analysis by high-precision proteomic technology is a feasible method to identify novel citrullinated epitopes in RA ***-cLBP antibodies are associated with disease severity and infection in RA patients.

关键词： ACPA lipopolysaccharide-binding protein rheumatoid arthritis

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protein-derived nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon for efficient adsorptive removal of heavy metals

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第10期27卷 2581-2586页

作者： Yawei Shi Wei Zheng Hao Liu Liang Wang Hongwei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Tianjin Polytechnic UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Tianjin Polytechnic UniversityTianjin 300387China

A nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon has been synthesized employing egg white as a sustainable protein-rich *** to CHNS elemental analysis,N,S and O heteroatoms accounted for mass fractions of 3.66%,2.28%and 19.29%respectively,and the types of surface functionalities were further characterized by FT-IR and XPS *** the carbon possessed a smaller surface area(815 m2·g-1)compared to a commercial activated carbon(1100 m2·g-1),its adsorption capacity towards Co2+reached 320.3 mg·g-1,which was over 8 times higher compared to the limited 34.0 mg·g-1 over the activate ***,the carbon was found to be an efficient adsorbent towards a series of metal ions including VO2+,Cr3+,Ni2+,Cu2+and Cd2+.Combined with its environmental merits,the protein derived carbon may be a promising candidate for heavy metal pollution control.

关键词： protein Porous carbon Heteroatoms Adsorption Heavy metal Waste water

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