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Geometric investigation of entrance proportions of houses from the Qajar to the beginning of the early Pahlavi in Dezful City(1789—1979)

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 57-78页

作者： Raziyeh Rezadoost Dezfuli Mohammad Mehrakizadeh Behnaz Safar Ali Najar Hassan Bazazzadeh Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad Department of Architecture Poznan University of Technology61-131 PoznanPoland Department of Architecture and Urban Planning Jundi Shapur University of TechnologyDezfulIran College of Engineering and Architecture University of Nizwa616 Birkat Al MawzOman Department of Architecture Faculty of Art and ArchitectureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Due to the importance of the historical context of Dezful City,investigating historic buildings is necessary.But unfortunately,a large part of it is being destroyed.For this reason,it is essential to discover the guidelines and logic behind the architectural design of these buildings to help their reconstruction or restoration.Regrettably,there is no logical information about the components of this context and the reconstructions are usually done according to taste and based on architecture tested or personal preference.Therefore,it is necessary to find a logic behind these critical components that support the whole plan or parts of it in a particular style.The purpose of this research is to discover and find the logic behind the design of this building in the historical context of Dezful.Finding geometrical proportions can significantly help to reconstruct buildings better and more accurately.For this purpose,30 historical houses of Dezful were randomly selected,and their input information was drawn in 2D form in AutoCAD.Then,the length,width,and height proportions were measured,and the obtained ratios were compared with the golden proportions and dynamic rectangles.This paper studies entrance based on ratios of√2,√3,√4,√4,√1.25 andφ(the golden section).The results show that golden proportions and proportions derived from dynamic rectangles are present in the wording of all cases.Moreover,the range of ratios in the plan is from 1.34 to 2,and the content of changes in the section is from 1.22 to 2.The results can help architects,and particularly building owners,to reconstruct based on existing logic by discovering the proportions of the entrances of the houses.It is possible to administer a part of the damaged tissue and estimate its dimensions and sizes because the proportions’completeness can help revive half-destroyed historical buildings.

关键词： proportions Historical houses House entrance Dezful city Qajar period to early Pahlavi

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Geometric proportions： The underlying structure of design process for Islamic geometric patterns

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2012年第4期1卷 380-391页

作者： Loai M. Dabbour Department of Architectural Engineering and Building Systems Alzaytoonah University of Jordan Amman 11733 Jordan

This paper discusses geometric proportions which serve as a design toot, especially for IsLamic pattern design. The key rote of geometry in Islamic patterns is discussed with relation to proportions which act as the underlying structure of the design process. Evaluations based on spatial structure and esthetic criteria are integrated into the conceptual phase of the design process. proportions serve two objectives; firstly, in pattern design, proportions are strongly linked to geometry, which can be viewed as a self-guiding method of esthetically proven design. SecondLy, geometric proportions regulate primarily the order of patterns; while at the same time they mediate between the two poles of order and diversity as wetl as among different esthetic revels. This paper anatyzes geometric principles and design features of traditional Istamic patterns, involving geometric proportion anatysis. It also describes the syntheses of Islamic patterns from the perspectives of Islamic cosmology, philosophy and metaphysics of geometry, which can be seen as following a pre-established principle of geometric and proportional design with high accuracy and great precision. Furthermore, the underlying relationship between cosmology and geometry is manifested in Islamic patterns where geometry acts as the vocabulary underpinning the pattern language. These findings support the argument that geometry was independently discovered and applied by Islamic culture as a universal language, constituting one of the most important multicultural symbols in design.

关键词： Geometry proportions Islamic patterns

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Number of Deaths due to Carbon Monoxide Poisoning by Month and by Place of Death--China,2018

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China CDC weekly 2020年第2期2卷 32-32页

作者： Jinling You Jiangmei Liu Maigeng Zhou National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention.

In 2018,there were 11,523 deaths caused by carbon monoxide poisoning reported in China,with the highest number of deaths in January(2,845),February(2,321),and December(2,010).The proportions of carbon monoxide poisoning deaths occurring at home were far higher than that of other places in the winter with the highest proportions occurring in December(72.59%),January(67.42%),and February(66.48%).

关键词： monoxide proportions highest

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A STUDY ON THE CLINICAL EFFECT AND IMMUNOLOGICAL MECHANISM IN THE TREATMENT OF HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS BY MOXIBUSTION

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1993年第1期13卷 14-18页

作者：胡国胜陈汉平侯永健何金森程子成王瑞龄 Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture & Meridian Shanghai 200030

71 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were treated by moxibustion and their immune functionand thyroid function were observed.It was found that moxibustion was able to reduce thethyroid amibodies in the peripheral blood of the patients with hypothyroidism and to recovertheir thyroid function.It was also found that moxibustion could lower the thyroid antibodysecretory levels and ADCC(antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity)activities ofthe lymphocytes,in addition,the action of moxibustion in reducing the secretion of thyroidantibodies was related to its action of regulating the proportions of T lymphocyte subsets.The results indicate that the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis by moxihustion is probably accomplished through its effect in regulating the relationship among the T lymphocytesubsets.

关键词： thyroid moxibustion regulating lymphocyte cytotoxicity hypothyroidism secretion ADCC probably proportions

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A Gendered Study of Student Ratings of Instruction

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Open Journal of Statistics 2015年第6期5卷 552-567页

作者： Lucas Huebner Rhonda C. Magel Department of Statistics North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA

This research tests for differences in mean class averages between male and female faculty for questions on a student rating of instruction form at one university in the Midwest are considered to be in the category of “very high research activity” by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education. Differences in variances of class averages are also examined for male and female faculty. Tests are conducted by first considering all classes across the entire university and then classes just within the College of Science and Mathematics. The proportion of classes taught by female instructors in which the average male student rating was higher than the average female student rating was compared to the proportion of classes taught by male instructors in which the average male student rating was higher than the average female student rating. Results are discussed.

关键词： Gendered Expectations Means Variances proportions

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Relationship between Physico-Mechanical Properties, Compacting Pressure and Mixing Proportion of Briquettes Produced from Maize Cobs and Sawdust

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2014年第1期4卷 50-60页

作者： Stephen J. Mitchual Kwasi Frimpong-Mensah Nicholas A. Darkwa Department of Construction and Wood Technology Education University of Education Winneba Kumasi Campus Kumasi Ghana Department of Wood Science and Technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

This study examined the relationship between selected physico-mechanical properties, compacting pressure and mixing proportion of briquettes produced from combination of maize cob particles and sawdust of low, medium and high density timber species. Particle sizes of maize cobs and sawdust used for the study were ≤1 mm. The two materials were combined at mixing percentages of 90:10, 70:30 and 50:50 (Sawdust:maize cobs). Briquettes were produced at room temperature (28°C) using compacting pressures 20, 30, 40 and 50 MPa. The results suggested that combining maize cob particles with sawdust of low, medium and high density wood species could significantly enhance the relaxed density, compressive strength in cleft and impact resistance index of briquettes produced from agricultural biomass residue like maize cobs. The results further indicated that the physical and mechanical characteristics of briquettes produced from combinations of sawdust of low density species and maize cobs were exceptionally higher than that produced from combinations of maize cob particles, and medium density and high density timber species. The R2 values for the regression model between the independent variables (mixing percentage and compacting pressure) and relaxed density, compressive strength in cleft and impact resistance index of briquettes produced from combinations of maize cob particles and sawdust of low density species (Ceiba pentandra) were 0.966, 0.932 and 0.710 respectively. This study provides a hope for briquetting maize cobs at room temperature using a low compacting pressure.

关键词： Briquette Compacting Pressure Maize Cobs Mixing proportions Physico-Mechanical Properties Sawdust

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Estimation and Forecasting Survival of Diabetic CABG Patients (Kalman Filter Smoothing Approach)

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2015年第4期5卷 405-413页

作者： M. Saleem K. H. Khan Nusrat Yasmin Centre for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of Science and Humanities Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al Kharj Saudi Arabia

In this paper, we present a new approach (Kalman Filter Smoothing) to estimate and forecast survival of Diabetic and Non Diabetic Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG) patients. Survival proportions of the patients are obtained from a lifetime representing parametric model (Weibull distribution with Kalman Filter approach). Moreover, an approach of complete population (CP) from its incomplete population (IP) of the patients with 12 years observations/follow-up is used for their survival analysis [1]. The survival proportions of the CP obtained from Kaplan Meier method are used as observed values yt?at time t (input) for Kalman Filter Smoothing process to update time varying parameters. In case of CP, the term representing censored observations may be dropped from likelihood function of the distribution. Maximum likelihood method, in-conjunction with Davidon-Fletcher-Powell (DFP) optimization method [2] and Cubic Interpolation method is used in estimation of the survivor’s proportions. The estimated and forecasted survival proportions of CP of the Diabetic and Non Diabetic CABG patients from the Kalman Filter Smoothing approach are presented in terms of statistics, survival curves, discussion and conclusion.

关键词： CABG Patients Complete and Incomplete Populations Weibull & Distribution Kalman Filter Maximum Likelihood Method DFP Method Estimation and Forecasting of Survivor’s proportions

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A Therapeutic Concept by “Watted” for the Surgical Lengthening of the Lower Face by Short Face Syndrome

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2015年第5期5卷 127-141页

作者： Nezar Watted Abu-Hussein Muhamad Josip Bill Peter Proff Department of Orthodontics Arab American University Jenin Palestine Department of Pediatric Dentistry University of Athens Athens Greece Clinic for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery Würzburg Germany Department of Orthodontics University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany

The continuously growing esthetic awareness for the facial appearance and the spreading of information about the possibilities of adult treatment by public media result in an increase of adult patients which seek orthodontic treatment to improve their facial esthetics. In general, these patients show such a severe skeletal deformity that it is detectable even by non-experts because of its extraoral manifestation, which is the main motivation for treatment. Because of the nature of these deformities and because of the lacking growth usable for therapy the only promising treatment for these patients is the combined orthodontic-surgical approach. Besides a stable and functional occlusion with physiologic position of the condyle, the goals of treatment are the improvement of the dental and, above all, facial esthetics since the patient judges the success of treatment mostly by the extraoral appearance. The dentofacial appearance must be defined prior to treatment to plan the individual right approach in knowledge of the different treatment possibilities for Angle Class II deformities and thus be able to reach for both sides—patient and orthodontist—satisfying result. With this article, a systematic therapy concept to treat patients with Class II deformities and skeletal deep bite with a short lower face (short face syndrome) under consideration of the soft tissue analysis is presented.

关键词： Cephalometrics Facial proportions Lower Face Height Skeletal Deep Bite Short Face Syndrome Lengthening of the Lower Face Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy Mandibular Advancement Splint Therapy Lateral Open Bite

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An Analysis of Fights in the National Hockey League

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第4期7卷 676-688页

作者： Henry L. Castillo Paul M. Sommers Department of Economics Middlebury College Middlebury VT USA

The authors use data from fight logs during the 2016-2017 regular National Hockey League (NHL) season to test for a difference in the proportion of games with and without fights for each of the thirty NHL teams. Only one team (Toronto Maple Leafs) was more likely to be involved in a fight at a home game than at an away game. Teams that fought proportionally more often in the second half of the season made the playoffs;teams that fought significantly less often did not. And, long distance air travel (flights involving more than 1000 miles or trips that required crossing at least one time zone) resulted in disproportionately more games with fights for eight different NHL teams.

关键词： National Hockey League Violence in Sports t-Tests Involving proportions

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The Mathematics of Harmony, Hilbert’s Fourth Problem and Lobachevski’s New Geometries for Physical World

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2014年第7期2卷 457-494页

作者： Alexey Stakhov Samuil Aranson International of the Golden Section Academy of Trinitarism Moscow Russia Russian Academy of Natural History Moscow Russia

We suggest an original approach to Lobachevski’s geometry and Hilbert’s Fourth Problem, based on the use of the “mathematics of harmony” and special class of hyperbolic functions, the so-called hyperbolic Fibonacci l-functions, which are based on the ancient “golden proportion” and its generalization, Spinadel’s “metallic proportions.” The uniqueness of these functions consists in the fact that they are inseparably connected with the Fibonacci numbers and their generalization― Fibonacci l-numbers (l > 0 is a given real number) and have recursive properties. Each of these new classes of hyperbolic functions, the number of which is theoretically infinite, generates Lobachevski’s new geometries, which are close to Lobachevski’s classical geometry and have new geometric and recursive properties. The “golden” hyperbolic geometry with the base (“Bodnar’s geometry) underlies the botanic phenomenon of phyllotaxis. The “silver” hyperbolic geometry with the base ?has the least distance to Lobachevski’s classical geometry. Lobachevski’s new geometries, which are an original solution of Hilbert’s Fourth Problem, are new hyperbolic geometries for physical world.

关键词： Euclid’s Elements “Golden” and “Metallic” proportions Mathematics of Harmony Hyperbolic Fibonacci Functions Lobachevski’s Geometry Hilbert’s Fourth Problem

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