检索结果-南通市图书馆

Evolutionary modifications of Astyanax larval Prey capture (LPC) in a dark environment

Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 750-760页

作者： Luis Espinasa Ruth Diamant Ehud Vinepinsky Monika Espinasa School of Science Marist CollegePoughkeepsieNY 12601USA Depto.de Física Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-IztapalapaCiudad de México C.P.09310México Institut de Biologie de l’ENS(IBENS) Département de BiologieÉcole Normale SupérieureCNRSINSERMUniversitéPSL75005 ParisFrance SUNY Ulster Stone RidgeNY 12484USA

Feeding strategies of an organism depend on the multimodal sensory processing that most efficiently integrates available visual,chemosensory,and/or mechanoreceptive cues as part of their environmental adaptation.The blind cavefish morph of Astyanax mexicanus has developed sensory-dependent behaviors to find food more efficiently than their eyed,surface-morph counterparts while in darkness.In the absence of light,adult cavefish have evolved enhanced behaviors,such as vibration attraction behavior(VAB),and changes in feeding angle.Here,we identified evolved differences in cavefish larval Prey capture(LPC)behavior.In the dark,LPC is more efficient in cavefish than in surface fish.Furthermore,different cave populations express laterality in their LPC and strike towards Prey preferentially located on their left or right sides.This suggests the occurrence,to some extent,of divergent LPC evolution among cave populations.While LPC can be triggered exclusively by a vibration stimulus in both surface and cavefish,we provide evidence that LPC is,at least partially,a multimodal sensory process different from adult VAB.We also found that a lack of food may exacerbate the laterality of LPC.Thus,we proposed a mathematical model for explaining laterality based on a balance between:(1)enlarged range of foraging field(behavioral or perceptive)due to asymmetry,(2)food abundance,and(3)disadvantages caused by laterality(unequal lateral hydrodynamic resistance when swimming,allocation of resources for the brain and receptors,and predator escape).

关键词： Astyanax Cave Troglobite Neuromast Prey Asymmetry

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Camera traps reveal the natural corridors used by mammalian species in eastern Mexico

引用

Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 711-722页

作者： Jonathan O.Huerta‑Rodríguez Octavio C.Rosas‑Rosas Lauro López‑Mata JoséL.Alcántara‑Carbajal Luis A.Tarango‑Arámbula Programa de Recursos Genéticos y Productividad‑Ganadería Colegio de Post‑graduadosCampus MontecilloTexcocoMexico Programa de Innovación en Manejo de Recursos Naturales Colegio de PostgraduadosCampus San Luis PotosíSan Luis PotosíMexico Programa de Dinámica y Conservación de Bosques y Selvas Macroecología y BiodiversidadColegio de PostgraduadosCampus MontecilloTexcocoMexico

Background:Habitat loss and fragmentation in the Sierra Madre Oriental(SMO)ecological corridor have negative impacts on the movement and distribution of mammalian species that are of great ecological and evolutionary importance.Part of the SMO ecological corridor that is located in the state of Hidalgo is less studied despite being a potential dispersal route for mammals.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the presence and activity of terrestrial mammals in the riparian and non‑riparian zones of SMO.Results:Camera traps detected 15 mammalian species(i.e.,14 native and 1 domestic)in the non‑riparian zone,and 12 mammalian species in the riparian zone(i.e.,10 wild and 2 domestic).The riparian corridor was mainly used by opportunistic medium‑sized carnivores,while large carnivores and their potential Prey were more frequent in the non‑riparian zone.Conclusions:Our findings suggest terrestrial mammals avoid the use of natural corridors due to the presence of domestic dogs,cattle and humans and look for new dispersal routes to move through their habitat and find the resources they need to survive.Even though some species can use disturbed corridors to move and find resources,they will change their activity patterns to avoid contact with humans and potential threats like dogs.It is,therefore,crucial to identify not one,but several corridors that must be preserved to improve the connectivity of terrestrial mammals in disturbed landscapes.

关键词： Activity Jaguar Cattle Detectability Dog Herbivore Disturbance Prey Relative abundance

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Reconstructing landscapes of ungulate parturition and predation using vegetation phenology

引用

Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 275-283页

作者： Paige VAN DE VUURST Seth A.MOORE Edmund J.ISAAC Yvette CHENAUX-IBRAHIM Tiffany M.WOLF Luis E.ESCOBAR Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Biology and Environment Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior ChippewaGrand PortageMN 55605USA Veterinary Population Medicine University of MinnesotaSt PaulMN 55108USA

Enhanced vegetation index(EVI)data can be used to identify and define the space in which ungulates practice parturition and encounter predation.This study explores the use of EVI data to identify landscapes linked to ungulate parturition and predation events across space,time,and environmental conditions.As a case study,we used the moose population(Alces alces)of northern Minnesota in the USA.Using remotely sensed EVI data rasters and global positioning system collar data,we quantified how vegetation phenology and moose movement shaped the births and predation of 52 moose calves from 2013 to 2020 on or adjacent to the Grand Portage Indian Reservation.The known sources of predation were American black bears(Ursus americanus,n=22)and gray wolves(Canis lupus,n=28).Satellite-derived data summarizing seasonal landscape features at the local level revealed that landscape heterogeneity use by moose can help to quantitatively identify landscapes of parturition and predation in space and time across large areas.Vegetation phenology proved to be differentiable between adult moose ranges,sites of cow parturition,and sites of calf predation.Landscape characteristics of each moose group were consistent and tractable based on environment,suggesting that sites of parturition and predation of moose are predictable in space and time.It is possible that moose selected specific landscapes for parturition despite risk of increased predation of their calves,which could be an example of an"ecological trap."This analytical framework can be employed to identify areas for future ungulate research on the impacts of landscape on parturition and predation dynamics.

关键词： bear EVI moose parturition predation Prey vegetation phenology

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Size-dependent locomotory performance creates a behaviorally mediated Prey size refuge in the marine snail Olivella sem istriata:a study in the natural habitat

引用

Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 57-62页

作者： Callie A.VEELENTURF Winfried S.PETERS Biology Department Purdue University Fort WayneFort WayneIN 46805USA Goldring-Gund Marine Biology Station Playa GrandeSanta CruzGuanacasteCosta Rica School of Biological Sciences Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

The effects of the variability of individual Prey locomotory performance on the vulnerability to predation are poorly understood,partly because individual performance is difficult to determine in natural habitats.To gain insights into the role(s)of individual variation in predatory relationships,we study a convenient model system,the neotropical sandy beach gastropod Olivella semistriata and its main predator,the carnivorous snail Agaronia propatula.The largest size class of O.semistriata is known to be missing from A.propatula's spectrum of subdued Prey,although the predator regularly captures much larger individuals of other taxa.To resolve this conundrum,we analyzed predation attempts in the wild.While A.propatula attacked O.semistriata of all sizes,large Prey specimens usually escaped by'sculling',an accelerated,stepping mode of locomotion.Olivella semistriata performed sculling locomotion regardless of size,but sculling velocities determined in the natural environment increased strongly with size.Thus,growth in size as such does not establish a Prey size refuge in which O.semistriata is safe from predation.Rather,a behaviorally mediated size refuge is created through the size-dependence of sculling performance.Taken together,this work presents a rare quantitative characterization in the natural habitat of the causal sequence from the size-dependence of individual performance,to the Prey size-dependent outcome of predation attempts,to the size bias in the predator's Prey spectrum.

关键词： Escape response Prey size refuge Locomotory performance Predator-Prey size ratio Olivella semistriata Agaronia propatula

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Prey and predators perceive orb-web spider conspicuousness differently: evaluating alternative hypotheses for color polymorphism evolution

引用

Current Zoology 2019年第5期65卷 559-570页

作者： Nathalia G.XIMENES Felipe M.GAWRYSZEWSKI Animal Colouration and Evolution Lab Departamento de ZoologiaInstituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade de BrasiliaBrasiliaDF70910-900Brazil Pos-Graduaqao em Ecologia e Evoluqao Universidade Federal de GoiasCampus SamambaiaGoianiaGO74690-900Brazil

Color polymorphisms have been traditionally attributed to apostatic selection.The perception of color depends on the visual system of the observer.Theoretical models predict that differently perceived degrees of conspicuousness by two predator and Prey species may cause the evolution of polymorphisms in the presence of anti-apostatic and apostatic selection.The spider Gasteracantha cancriformis(Araneidae)possesses several conspicuous color morphs.In orb-web spiders,the Prey attraction hypothesis states that conspicuous colors are Prey lures that increase spider foraging success via flower mimicry.Therefore,polymorphism could be maintained if each morph attracted a different Prey species(multiple Prey hypothesis)and each spider mimicked a different flower color(flower mimicry hypothesis).Conspicuous colors could be a warning signal to predators because of the spider's hard abdomen and spines.Multiple predators could perceive morphs differently and exert different degrees of selective pressures(multiple predator hypothesis).We explored these 3 hypotheses using reflectance data and color vision modeling to estimate the chromatic and achromatic contrast of G.cancriformis morphs as perceived by several potential Prey and predator taxa.Our results revealed that individual taxa perceive the conspicuousness of morphs differently.Therefore,the multiple Prey hypothesis and,in part,the multiple predator hypothesis may explain the evolution of color polymorphism in G.cancriformis,even in the presence of anti-apostatic selection.The flower mimicry hypothesis received support by color metrics,but not by color vision models.Other parameters not evaluated by color vision models could also affect the perception of morphs and influence morph survival and polymorphism stability.

关键词： aposematism Araneidae Gasteracantha cancriformis luring Prey attraction visual communication

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Park size and Prey density limit occurrence of Eurasian Sparrowhawks in urban parks during winter

引用

Avian Research 2018年第3期9卷 206-213页

作者： Claudia Schütz Christian H.Schulze Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of ViennaRennweg 141030 ViennaAustria

Background: Eurasian Sparrowhawks(Accipiter nisus) increasingly represent successful city-dwellers. Thereby, a rich food supply indicated by high numbers of small birds is believed to be the key driver for this bird-eating raptor species to settle in urban environments. However, as small passerine birds show particularly strong antipredator responses, sparrowhawks may not simply focus on patches of highest Prey densities, but rather respond strategically to Prey behavior, raising the importance of other parameters in determining the occurrence within urban landscapes.Methods: To deepen our knowledge on habitat requirements of urban sparrowhawks, bird surveys were carried out during winter between December 2005 and January 2017 in 36 city parks in Vienna, Austria. Besides food supply also park size, canopy heterogeneity and the connectivity with other green spaces were considered.Results: Occurrence of sparrowhawks was positively affected by increasing park size, Prey density and the interaction between both. Bird feeder density and park connectivity with other green spaces were of minor importance in explaining the presence of this species. Canopy heterogeneity didn't affect city park occupancy by Eurasian Sparrowhawks.Conclusions: Our results suggest that large city parks, particularly when characterized by high Prey densities, substantially contribute to protect and preserve ecologically important bird species such as raptors within the urban environment—a landscape already struggling with biodiversity losses and functional homogenization.

关键词： Birds of Prey Bird feeders Prey abundance Habitat connectivity Tree cover Urban ecology

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Predation pressure in maize across Europe and in Argentina: an intercontinental comparison

引用

Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 545-554页

作者： Marco Ferrante Gabor L. Lovei Serena Magagnoli Lenka Minarcikova Elena Larisa Tomescu Giovanni Burgio Ludovit Cagan Mihael Cristin Ichim Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Flakkebjerg Research Centre Forgssvej 1 DK4200 Slagelse Denmark Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Area Entomologia Universita di Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources Slovak Agricultural University Tr. A. Hlinku 2 SK-949 76 Nitra Slovakia ANIRDBS/"Stejarul" Research Centre for Biological Sciences 6 Alexandru cel Bun St. Piatra Neamt 610004 Romania

Humankind draws important benefits from large-scale ecological processes termed ecosystem services, yet the status of several of them is declining. Reliable monitoring methods are essential for tracking the status of ecosystem services. Predation is the mainstay of natural pest control, a key ecosystem service. We used green plasticine caterpillars to monitor predation pressure, and to obtain baseline data on predator activity in transgenic Bt versus non-Bt maize fields in Old and New World countries. Predation pressure was measured at ground and canopy levels using an identical, small-plot experimental design in four European countries (Denmark, Slovakia, Romania and Italy) and Argentina. Total predation rate in maize was l l.7%d^-1 (min. 7.2%d^-1 in Argentina, max. 29.0%d^-1 in Romania). Artificial caterpillars were attacked both by invertebrates (mostly chewing insects with 42.0% of the attack marks, and ants with 7.1%, but also predatory and parasitoid wasps, spiders and slugs), and vertebrates (small mammals 25.5%, and birds 20.2%). Total predation at ground level (15.7%d^-1) was significantly higher than in maize canopies (6.0%d^-1) in all countries, except Argentina. We found no significant differences between predator pressure in Bt versus non-Bt maize plots. The artificial caterpillar method provided comparable, quantitative data on predation intensity, and proved to be suitable for monitoring natural pest control. This method usefully expands the existing toolkit by directly measuring ecological function rather than structure.

关键词： artificial caterpillars ecosystem services mortality sentinel Prey transgenic plants

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Prey preference of the common long-armed octopus Octopus minor(Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) on three different species of bivalves

引用

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第5期37卷 1595-1603页

作者： SONG Minpeng WANG Jinhai ZHENG Xiaodong Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

Octopus minor is widely distributed along the northern coast of China. To date, there is little information on the Prey selection process of this species. To understand this process, several experiments were carried out. Three types of bivalves, namely, Ruditapes philippinarum , Mactra chinensis , and Mytilus galloprovincialis , were used to observe the Prey selection of O . minor and to analyze the potential causes of Prey selection from three aspects: Prey profi tability, adductor muscle tension and handling time. Under single-Prey conditions, we found that the average (±SD) predation rates of O . minor on R . philippinarum , M . chinensis , and M . galloprovincialis were 1.73±0.50, 1.27±0.42, and 0.8±0.2/d, respectively. Under diff erent Prey combinations, octopods actively selected one type of Prey over the other(s), and the order of Prey preference was R . philippinarum , followed by M . chinensis and lastly M. galloprovincialis . Furthermore, the shells of the consumed Prey showed that O . minor only consumed bivalves by pulling them apart since there was no evidence of drill holes on the shells. The Prey selection of O . minor was related to the Prey profi tability and handling time;O . minor appeared to select Preys with a higher profi tability and a shorter handling time. However, the diffi culty in opening the bivalve was not consistent with the Prey preference of the octopods. These results suggest that O . minor prefers to consume R . philippinarum possibly due to a high profi tability and a short handling time that supports the optimum Foraging Theory.

关键词： Octopus minor bivalve Prey preference Prey selection Prey profi tability

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Univector field method-based multi-agent navigation for pursuit problem in obstacle environments

引用

Journal of Central South University 2017年第4期24卷 1002-1012页

作者： Le Pham Tuyen Hoang Huu Viet Sang Hyeok An Seung Gwan Lee Dong-Han Kim Tae Choong Chung Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 Korea Department of Information Technology Vinh University 182-Le Duan Vinh City Nghe An 461056 Vietnam Humanitas College Kyung Hee University Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 Korea Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 Korea

The pursuit problem is a well-known problem in computer science. In this problem, a group of predator agents attempt to capture a Prey agent in an environment with various obstacle types, partial observation, and an infinite grid-world. Predator agents are applied algorithms that use the univector field method to reach the Prey agent, strategies for avoiding obstacles and strategies for cooperation between predator agents. Obstacle avoidance strategies are generalized and presented through strategies called hitting and following boundary(HFB); trapped and following shortest path(TFSP); and predicted and following shortest path(PFSP). In terms of cooperation, cooperation strategies are employed to more quickly reach and capture the Prey agent. Experimental results are shown to illustrate the efficiency of the method in the pursuit problem.

关键词： pursuit problem predator agent Prey agent univector field method multi-agent systems

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Abundance and Prey capture success of Common Terns(Sterna hirundo)and Pied Kingfishers(Ceryle rudis)in relation to water clarity in south-east coastal Ghana

引用

Avian Research 2018年第3期9卷 226-238页

作者： Lars H.Holbech Francis Gbogbo Timothy Khan Aikins Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science University of GhanaP.O.Box LG 67LegonAccraGhana Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Management University for Development StudiesBox TL 1882Nyankpala CampusTamaleGhana

Background: Water clarity may negatively influence rate of plunge diving and Prey capture success of piscivorous plunge-diving birds, and therefore has implications for their conservation in polluted urban wetlands. We studied the relationship between water clarity and the abundance and Prey capture success of Pied Kingfishers(Ceryle rudis) and Common Terns(Sterna hirundo) in two polluted coastal waters of south-east Ghana—the Weija Lake and Densu Delta Ramsar Site.Methods: On each wetland, data on abundance and Prey capture success of plunge-divers were collected in four spatio-temporal quadrats of 100 m × 100 m and analysed with concurrent measurements of water quality parameters using GLM regression with Pearson's correlation coefficients.Results: Mean Prey capture success of Pied Kingfishers(34.7 e two species responded differently to water clarity. The± 13.1%) and Common Terns(35.3 abundance of Common Terns was± 11.0%) were similar but th significantly higher in less transparent/more turbid water while that of Pied Kingfishers showed no significant relationship with turbidity and transparency. In contrast, the Prey capture success of Common Terns was neither related to transparency nor turbidity, as opposed to that of Pied Kingfishers which was significantly higher in more turbid/less transparent waters. Correlations between capture success and bird abundance, as well as capture attempts were insignificant, suggesting that increased fish abundance associated with cloudy water may not necessarily promote higher abundance and capture success of foraging birds. Thus, when foraging in less transparent water, capture success may depend more on predator avoidance by fish Prey than lower Prey detectability of foraging birds.Conclusion: Within a gradient of 15–51 cm transparency studied, lower water clarity did not constrain Prey capture success of Common Terns and Pied Kingfishers. Further studies on the foraging ecology of plunge-divers in coastal Ghana are however required to make firm conclusions on the relation

关键词： Coastal Ghana Common Tern Pied Kingfisher Prey capture success Water turbidity and transparency

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：