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Nontuberculous mycobacteria： susceptibility pattern and prevalence rate in Shanghai from 2005 to 2008

Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第2期123卷 184-187页

作者： WANG Hong-xiu YUE Jun HAN Min YANG Jing-hui GAO Rong-liang JING Ling-jie YANG Shu-sheng ZHAO Yan-lin Key Laboratory of Mycobacteria Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University Shanghai 200433 China Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Beijing Thoracic Tumor and Tuberculosis Research Institute Beijing 101149 China

Background An increasing incidence of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria （NTM） is being reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the isolation rates of NTM from various clinical specimens, and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, over a 4-year period in Shanghai. Methods All NTM isolated between 2005 and 2008 at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, a key laboratory of mycobacteria tuberculosis in Shanghai, China, were identified with conventional biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility for all NTM was determined using the BACTEC MGIT 960 system. Results A total of 21 221 specimens were cultured, of which 4868 （22.94%） grew acid fast bacilli （AFB）, and 248 （5.09%） of the AFB were NTM. The prevalence rate of NTM was determined as 4.26%, 4.70%, 4.96% and 6.38% among mycobacteria culture positive samples in years 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively. These data indicated that the prevalence rate has continuously increased. Sixteen different species of NTM were identified, the most commonly encountered NTM in Shanghai were M. chelonae （26.7%）, followed by M. fortuitum （15.4%）, M. kansasii （14.2%）, M. avium-intracellulare complex （13.1%） and M. terrae （6.9%）. The rare species identified were M. marinum, M. gastri, M. triviale, M. ulcerans, M. smegmatis, M. phlci, M. 9ordonae, M. szulgai, M. simiae, M. scrofulaceum and M. xenopi. The five most commonly identified NTM species showed high drug resistance to general anti-tuberculosis drugs, particularly, M. chelonae and M. fortuitum appear to be multi-drug resistance. Conclusions The prevalence of NTM in Shanghai showed a tendency to increase over the course of the study. The five most commonly isolated NTM species showed high drug resistance to first line anti-tuberculosis drugs.

关键词： prevalence rate nontuberculous mycobacteria susceptibility pattern

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A Study on the Global Scenario of COVID-19 Related Case Fatality rate, Recovery rate and prevalence rate and Its Implications for India—A Record Based Retrospective Cohort Study

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2020年第3期10卷 233-248页

作者： Vinod K. Ramani R. Shinduja K. P. Suresh Radheshyam Naik Preventive Oncology Healthcare Global Enterprise Ltd. Bangalore India Spatial Epidemiology Lab ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics Bengaluru Karnataka Medical Oncology Healthcare Global Enterprise Ltd. Bangalore India

Importance: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pandemic claiming millions of lives since the first outbreak was reported in Wuhan, China during December 2019. It is thus important to make cross-country comparison of the relevant rates and understand the socio-demographic risk factors. Methods: This is a record based retrospective cohort study. Table 1 was extracted from https://***/coronavirus/ and from the Corona virus resource center (Table 2, Figures 1-3), Johns Hopkins University. Data for Table 1 includes all countries which reported >1000 cases and Table 2 includes 20 countries reporting the largest number of deaths. The estimation of CFR, RR and PR of the infection, and disease pattern across geographical clusters in the world is presented. Results: From Table 1, we could infer that as on 4th May 2020, COVID-19 has rapidly spread world-wide with total infections of 3,566,423 and mortality of 248,291. The maximum morbidity is in USA with 1,188,122 cases and 68,598 deaths (CFR 5.77%, RR 15% and PR 16.51%), while Spain is at the second position with 247,122 cases and 25,264 deaths (CFR 13.71%, RR 38.75%, PR 9.78%). Table 2 depicts the scenario as on 8th October 2020, where-in the highest number of confirmed cases occurred in US followed by India and Brazil (cases per million population: 23,080, 5007 & 23,872 respectively). For deaths per million population: US recorded 647, while India and Brazil recorded 77 and 708 respectively. Conclusion: Studying the distribution of relevant rates across different geographical clusters plays a major role for measuring the disease burden, which in-t

关键词： Case Fatality rate COVID-19 prevalence rate Recovery rate Statistical Analysis

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Investigation of prevalence rate of Acute Severe Altitude Diseaseof Construction Groups at High Altitude

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Engineering Sciences 2006年第2期 219-222页

作者： Zhang Xuefeng1, Ye Pingan2, Chen Xiaofeng3(1. High Altitude Disease Research Center of Germud People's Hospital,Qinghai 816000 2. 22 nd Hospital of PLA, Germud, Qinghai 816000 3. 3 rd People's Hospital, Germud, Qinghai 816000)

Objective: To know the prevalence rate of the acute severe altitude disease of the crowds who are working on the high altitude and the influential foctors upon the people. Method By epidemiology,a survey of 27606 persons who are working on the plateau has been made in the past three years,of which 229 persons had got the disease. 8175 persons who had received finer basic preventions in the group (Group A), has been compared with 19430 persons who had a weak or no basic provention in the group (Group B); the groups working on the plateau with 3 different elevations of above～3600, ～4600 & 5072 meters sea level have been compared. Resuts: The prevalence rate is 0.83% in total groaps, of wich, high altitude pulmonary edema is 0.50%, high altitude cerebral edema is 0.28%, the patients who has got both the above diseases is 0.05%. The prevalance rates of the above in Group B and those of higher elevation are higher than those in Group A. 0.32% in Group A, and 1.04% in Group B.(x2=36.95, pprevalence rate on the 3 different high elevations are 0.00%, 0.68% and 1.34% in proper order. The prevalence rate of individuals groups in the highest 4.82%(the first year) and 2.26% (the next year ) and all the diseases came on the groups working on the highest elevation areas. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of acute severe plateau disease is very stern, the main influential factors are the height above the sea level, and the level of basic prvention for the crowds. Enhancing the protection of the labourers and medical safeguard, and social psychological adaption can cut down the prevalence rate, and this is the first important problem to solve for the plateau medicine and support from the society.

关键词： high altitude prevalence rate acute severe altitude disease factors growps

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Preliminary Survey on the prevalence rate of Hypertension in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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South China Journal of Cardiology 2008年第4期9卷 199-202页

作者：曾小林杨天伦孙明马琦琳吴声滨 Department of Cardiology Xiangya Hospital of Central South University

Objectives To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its primary risk factors in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods Three hundred and sixty-two patients with DCM(DCM group)and 401 age-matched residents (control group) were enrolled randomly in the study, the hypertensive prevalence rate were calculated respectively in the two groups and were compared with each other; the patients in the DCM group were divided into two subgroups (hypertension subgroup and non-hypertension subgroup) according to whether the patients have hypertension; the clinical data related to blood pressure was compared between the two subgroups. Results The prevalence of hypertension in DCM group was significantly higher than that in the control group (32.8% vs. 20.1%, Prate and the percentage of patients who had family history of hypertension were significantly higher in the hypertension subgroup than that in the non-hypertension subgroup (Pprevalence of hypertension in patients with DCM was high; The increased activity of sympathetic nervous system and the hypertensive genetic factor may be the main risk factors of hypertension in patients with DCM.

关键词： dilated cardiomyopathy hypertension prevalence rate heart failure risk factors

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The analysis of the nosocomial infection prevalence rate investigation result between 2006-2010

The analysis of the nosocomial infection Prevalence rate inv...

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中国医院协会第十七届全国医院感染管理学术年会暨第九届东亚国际感染预防与控制会议

作者： RAO Siyou,YU Qi,XU Zheng,TANG Shuqing,CAO Xianwei (The first affiliated hospital of Nanchang university,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330006,China)

OBJECTIVE To realize and predominate the nosocomial infection actuality and the complexion of using antibiotic,in order to prevent and control nosocomial infection effectively. METHODS According to de request of countrywide nosocomial infection net,using the method of clinic investigation and case history investigation,we have investigated the infection complexion about all patients every 3rd Thursday

关键词： Nosocomial infection prevalence rate Analysis

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Epidemiology of Leprosy in China,2021:An Update

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第1期7卷 35-39页

作者： Ying Shi Pei-Wen Sun Le Wang Hong-Sheng Wang Mei-Wen Yu Heng Gu National Center for Leprosy Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionHospital for Skin Diseases(Institute of Dermatology)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu 210042China

Objective:Leprosy is an infectious diseases that remains a concerning public health *** infection of Mycobacterium leprae still exists at the county level in hard-to-access areas in southwest *** accurate analysis of the prevalence of leprosy in various regions is necessary for the formulation of prevention and control strategies,so we conducted this study to describe the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China in 2021 and provide essential information for future national leprosy control and prevention ***:We collected epidemiological data of leprosy from 31 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities of China(except for Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)provided by the Leprosy Management Information *** performed a comparative analysis of the epidemiological features of patients with leprosy including age,sex,geographical distribution,and grade of ***:In total,374 newly detected leprosy cases were reported nationwide in China in 2021,giving an incidence rate of 0.27 per million population,which represented a decrease of 7.9%compared with *** the population with leprosy in 2021 that comprised 238 males(63.6%)and 136 females(36.4%),1.9%(7/374)were children younger than 15 years,92.8%(347/374)had multibacillary leprosy,and 18.2%(68/374)had grade 2 *** than half of the new leprosy cases(54.8%,205/374)were distributed in southwest *** were 33 relapsed leprosy cases reported in *** the end of 2021,there were 1,897 registered leprosy cases reported nationwide,giving a prevalence rate of 1.35 per million ***:The leprosy epidemic in China shows a downward trend in terms of the prevalence and incidence ***,the high prevalence of leprosy in southwest China is still a matter of concern.

关键词： epidemiology leprosy China newly detected leprosy cases multibacillary leprosy paucibacillary leprosy incidence rate prevalence rate

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Factors Relevant to Knee Pain among Independent Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Complete Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2020年第11期10卷 277-287页

作者： Shinichiro Sato Yuta Nemoto Noriko Takeda Yoshinori Kitabatake Kazushi Maruo Takashi Arao Faculty of Health Sciences University of Human Arts and Sciences Saitama Japan Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan Division of Liberal Arts Kogakuin University Tokyo Japan Department of Health Sciences Saitama Prefectural University Saitama Japan Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare Tokyo Japan

Objective: Knee pain is commonly observed among older adults. Therefore, the prevention of knee pain in older adults is a major public health issue. This study aimed to clarify factors relevant to knee pain among older adults. Methods: This study targeted all independent older adults (N = 6661) living in a local municipality in Japan. Participants’ health status and lifestyle habits were surveyed using a questionnaire. The survey was conducted from 15 January to 14 February 2016. Relationships between knee pain and physical activity, sitting time, nutrition, drinking, smoking, or body mass index (BMI) were examined using logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for several confounding factors were calculated. Results: Older adults of 5311 responded to the questionnaire and 1843 reported knee pain. The prevalence of knee pain was 34.8%. Knee pain was significantly associated with BMI (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.51 - 0.69, P P P P = 0.001). Conclusions: This study suggests that one in three independently-living older adults experiences chronic knee pain and that physical activity, BMI, and nutritional status are associated with knee pain.

关键词： Complete Survey Physical Activity prevalence rate Sitting Time

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658 cases of nosocomial infection prevalence survey analysis

658 cases of nosocomial infection prevalence survey analysis

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中国医院协会第十七届全国医院感染管理学术年会暨第九届东亚国际感染预防与控制会议

作者： Huang Qiong-hua XU Jia-fen Lei Jia-ying (Shuangliu County,Chengdu First People’s Hospital in a sense of Section 610200)

Objective:To understand my cross-section of hospital nosocomial ***:The combination of bedside method of investigation and medical records,fill out the questionnaire the case for hospital-wide to all hospitalized patients had 1-day survey of hospital ***:The number 663 should check people, real search 658 people search rate of 99.25%actually occurred nosocomial infection in 12 cases,prevalence

关键词： Hospital infection prevalence rate Investigation and Analysis

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成都市温江区一富裕社区成人代谢综合征患病率调查

成都市温江区一富裕社区成人代谢综合征患病率调查

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作者：曹洪义四川大学

学位级别：硕士

目的了解温江区某富裕社区代谢综合征的患病率及分布特点;探讨不同诊断标准对代谢综合征患病率的影响;分析代谢综合征各危险因素在该社区的患病率。方法利用2003年该社区完成健康体检的20～84岁3652名居民资料进行分析。MS诊断标准... 详细信息

目的了解温江区某富裕社区代谢综合征的患病率及分布特点;探讨不同诊断标准对代谢综合征患病率的影响;分析代谢综合征各危险因素在该社区的患病率。方法利用2003年该社区完成健康体检的20～84岁3652名居民资料进行分析。MS诊断标准采用美国国家胆固醇教育计划第三次报告(ATPⅢ)和中华糖尿病分会MS诊断建议标准(CDS标准)。另外按欧洲胰岛素抵抗研究组腹型肥胖诊断标准及ADA新的IFG诊断标准,修改ATP标准为符合下列三个或三个以上条件者:腰围:M>94cm,F>80cm;TG>1.69mmol/L;HDL-C:M血压:SBP≥130mmHg和(或)DBP≥85mmHg;FBG≥5.6mmol/L或确诊DM或IGT。修改CDS标准为符合下面四项中任何两项者BMI≥25.0(kg/m2);FPG≥6.1mmol/L及(或)已确诊为DM者;SBP/DBP≥140/90mmol/L及(或)已确认为高血压并治疗者;TG≥1.70mmol/L和(或)HDL-C:M〈0.9mmol/L,F〈1.0mmol/L。结果本研究使用ATPⅢ标准,在该社区20～84岁人群中MS的标化患病率为12.56%(男性13.56%,女性12.01%),按CDS标准,修CDS标准及修改ATPⅢ标准,其标化患病率分别为6.31%(男性4.89%,女性5.65%),19.20%(男性20.52%,女性19.99%)和15.69%(男性16.33%,女性15.97%)。经多元logistic回归分析发现,四种诊断标准的MS患病率不同(p=0.000,卡方等于306.233)。采用修ATPⅢ标准诊断MS患病率高于ATPⅢ标准的MS患病率(p=0.000);采用CDS标准诊断MS患病率低于ATPⅢ标准的MS患病率(p=0.000);采用修CDS标准诊断MS患病率高于ATP诊断标准的患病率(p=0.000)。同理,男性MS患病

关键词： Metabolic syndrome prevalence rate

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中国高血压的患病率、知晓率及治疗和控制状况:1991年抽样调查结果

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中华高血压杂志 1995年第S1期 16-20页

作者：全国血压抽样调查协作组

A nation wide survey of blood pressure (BP) and high BP was carried out in China in 1991, using standardized methods and covering 950356 men and women ages 15 years and above, from 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. The purpose of this part of the study was to estimate the prevalence and the status of awareness,treatment, and control of hypertension. The overall prevalence rate of hypertension defined as systolic BP≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP≥90 mmHg or currently on antihypertensive medication was \{13.6\}%, and was higher in urban (16.3%) than in rural (\{11.1\}%) setting. The rate was 6.6% if a BP cut point of 160/95 was used. rates were low in younger age groups but rose sharply after age *** total number of hypertensives in 1990 was estimated to be close to 90 *** all *** 1/4 were aware of their high BP,half of these were on medication, and only 3% had their BP controlled. In conclusion, hypertension was found to be common in China, and the rates of awareness,drug treatment, and controlled BP were low,indicating an urgent need for developing a national program of treatment and prevention of high BP on a community basis.

关键词： prevalence rate awareness control medication hypertension

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