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Optimized Vertical Layers for the Hybrid Terrain-Following Coordinate Minimizing Numerical Errors in a 2D Rising Bubble Experiment near Steep Terrain

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第6期37卷 896-907页

作者： Hao YANG Yiyuan LI Bin WANG State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

The basic terrain-following(BTF)coordinate simplifies the lower boundary conditions of a numerical model but leads to numerical error and instability on steep *** terrain-following(HTF)coordinates with smooth slopes of vertical layers(slopeVL)generally overcome this ***,the HTF coordinate becomes very desirable for atmospheric and oceanic numerical ***,improper vertical layering in HTF coordinates may also increase the incidence of *** for the slopeVL of an HTF coordinate,this study further optimizes the HTF coordinate focusing on the thickness of vertical layers(thickVL).Four HTF coordinates(HTF1–HTF4)with similar slopeVL but different vertical transition methods of thickVL are designed,and the relationship between thickVL and numerical errors in each coordinate is compared in the classic idealized thermal convection[two-dimensional(2D)rising bubble]experiment over steep *** errors of potential temperatureθand vertical velocity w are reduced most,by approximately 70%and 40%,respectively,in the HTF1 coordinate,with a monotonic increase in thickVL according to the increasing height;however,the errors ofθincreased in all the other HTF coordinates,with nonmonotonic ***,analyses of the errors of vertical pressure gradient force(VPGF)show that due to the interpolation errors of thickVL,the inflection points in the vertical transition of thickVL induce the initial VPGF errors;therefore,the HTF1 coordinate with a monotonic increase in thickVL has the smallest errors among all the *** importantly,the temporal evolution of VPGF errors manifests top-type VPGF errors that propagate upward gradually during the time *** the HTF1 and HTF4 coordinates with a monotonic increase in thickVL near the top of the terrain can suppress this *** optimized HTF coordinate(i.e.,HTF1)can be a reference for designing a vertical thickVL in a numerical model.

关键词： hybrid terrain-following coordinate thickness of vertical layer numerical error pressure gradient force two-dimensional(2D)rising bubble experiment steep terrain

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Wind Algorithm Optimization a New Novel Technique for Global Optimization Problems

Wind Algorithm Optimization a New Novel Technique for Global...

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作者： Muhammad Rauf 东北师范大学

学位级别：硕士

In the past few decades a lot of work has been done in the field of Optimization. Different kinds of algorithm have been proposed. Many of these methods are inspired by the natural phenomenon. In the dissertation, a new algorithm inspired by the environmental phenomena is introduced, which is called wind algorithm for optimization (WAO). This algorithm is based on the natural wind flow phenomenon from high to low pressure area, different gas molecules and lots of dust particle travel with in it. The proposed method involves simple techniques and equations to guide the particle to find the optimal solution. A set of benchmark functions is used to demonstrate the performance of the propose method and compare with well-known methods. The experiments show that WAO have tremendous capability to explore the search space to find the global optimization. The results obtained demonstrate the high performance of WAO in solving different kind of functions.

关键词： Global Optimization Evolutionary algorithm Swarm Intelligence pressure gradient force Coriolis Effect

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IMPACT STUDY ON THE CALCULATION OF VERTICAL VELOCITY IN DIFFERENT VERTICAL COORDINATE SYSTEMS

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2005年第2期11卷 187-199页

作者：李兴良陈德辉沈学顺 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

With the development of high-resolution and multi-scale unified numerical model, some of techniques about non-hydrostatic meso-scale numerical weather prediction are addressed. The impact of the vertical coordinate system is one of them. In this paper, based on a WRF (Weather Research and Forecast) model, the impact on the calculation of vertical velocity was studied with different vertical coordinates. The simulation results showed that the calculation of vertical velocity is sensitive to vertical coordinates. It is especially more evident when the resolution increased. Due to the close relationships between vertical velocity and precipitation, the difference of vertical velocity inevitably influences model’s description of precipitation. An ideal experiment exhibits that pressure gradient force computations in the pressure terrain- following coordinate are sensitive to surface pressure.

关键词： numerical prediction models coordinate system vertical velocity pressure gradient force

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