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An improved typhoon monitoring model based on precipitable water vapor and pressure

Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 276-290页

作者： Junyu Li Haojie Li Lilong Liu Jiaqing Chen Yibin Yao Mingyun Hu Liangke Huang Fade Chen Tengxu Zhang Lv Zhou College of Geomatics and Geoinformation Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541006China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Spatial Information and Geomatics Guilin 541006China Qinzhou Institute of Surveying and Mapping for Housing and Urban-Rural Development Co. Ltd.Qinzhou 535000China School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Resources and Environmental Science and Engineering Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437100China

The potential of monitoring the movement of typhoons using the precipitable water vapor(PWV) has been confirmed. However, monitoring the movement of typhoon is focused on PWV, making it difficult to describe the movement of a typhoon in detail minutely and resulting in insufficient accuracy. Hence,based on PWV and meteorological data, we propose an improved typhoon monitoring mode. First, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis 5-derived PWV(ERA5-PWV) and the Global Navigation Satellite System-derived PWV(GNSS-PWV) were compared with the reference radiosonde PWV(RS-PWV). Then, using the PWV and atmospheric parameters derived from ERA5, we discussed the anomalous variations of PWV, pressure(P), precipitation, and wind speed during different typhoons. Finally, we compiled a list of critical factors related to typhoon movement, PWV and P. We developed an improved multi-factor typhoon monitoring mode(IMTM) with different models(i.e.,IMTM-I and IMTM-II) in different cases with a higher density of GNSS observation or only Numerical Weather Prediction(NWP) data. The IMTM was evaluated through the reference movement speeds of HATO and Mangkhut from the China Meteorological Observatory Typhoon Network(CMOTN). The results show that the root mean square(RMS) of the IMTM-I is 1.26 km/h based on ERA5-P and ERA5-PWV,and the absolute bias values are mostly within 2 km/h. Compared with the models considering the single factor ERA5-P/ERA5-PWV, the RMS of the IMTM-I is improved by 26.3% and 38.5%, respectively. The IMTM-II model manifests a residual of only 0.35 km/h. Compared with the single-factor model based on GNSS-PWV/P, the residual of the IMTM-II model is reduced by 90.8% and 84.1%, respectively. These results propose that the typhoon movement monitoring approach combining PWV and P has evident advantages over the single-factor model and is expected to supplement traditional typhoon monitoring.

关键词： Typhoon GNSS/ERA5 PWV pressure Monitoring Improved model

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Vibration-reduced anxiety-like behavior relies on ameliorating abnormalities of the somatosensory cortex and medial prefrontal cortex

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1351-1359页

作者： Afzal Misrani Sidra Tabassum Tintin Wang Huixian Huang Jinxiang Jiang Hongjun Diao Yanping Zhao Zhen Huang Shaohua Tan Cheng Long Li Yang South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research Panyu Central Hospital School of Life Sciences Guangzhou University School of Life Sciences South China Normal University Guangzhou Hongai Cultural Development Inc. 5. Yinguo Health Management Team College of Biophotonics South China Normal University

Tibetan singing bowls emit low-frequency sounds and produce perceptible harmonic tones and vibrations through manual tapping. The sounds the singing bowls produce have been shown to enhance relaxation and reduce anxiety. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used chronic restraint stress or sleep deprivation to establish mouse models of anxiety that exhibit anxiety-like behaviors. We then supplied treatment with singing bowls in a bottomless cage placed on the top of a cushion. We found that unlike in humans, the combination of harmonic tones and vibrations did not improve anxietylike behaviors in mice, while individual vibration components did. Additionally, the vibration of singing bowls increased the level of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 in the somatosensory cortex and prefrontal cortex of the mice, decreased the level of γ-aminobutyric acid A(GABA) receptor α 1 subtype, reduced the level of CaMKII in the prefrontal cortex, and increased the number of GABAergic interneurons. At the same time, electrophysiological tests showed that the vibration of singing bowls significantly reduced the abnormal low-frequency gamma oscillation peak frequency in the medial prefrontal cortex caused by stress restraint pressure and sleep deprivation. Results from this study indicate that the vibration of singing bowls can alleviate anxiety-like behaviors by reducing abnormal molecular and electrophysiological events in somatosensory and medial prefrontal cortex.

关键词： anxiety medial prefrontal cortex parvalbumin interneuron pressure somatosensory cortex Tibetan singing bowl vibration

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Recent progress in MnBi2nTe3n+1 intrinsic magnetic topological insulators: crystal growth, magnetism and chemical disorder

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 65-80页

作者： Chaowei Hu Tiema Qian Ni Ni Department of Physics and Astronomy and California Nano Systems Institute University of California-Los Angeles

The search for magnetic topological materials has been at the forefront of condensed matter research for their potential to host exotic states such as axion insulators, magnetic Weyl semimetals, Chern insulators,etc. To date, the MnBi2nTe3n+1family is the only group of materials showcasing van der Waals-layered structures, intrinsic magnetism and non-trivial band topology without trivial bands at the Fermi level. The interplay between magnetism and band topology in this family has led to the proposal of various topological phenomena, including the quantum anomalous Hall effect, quantum spin Hall effect and quantum magnetoelectric effect. Among these, the quantum anomalous Hall effect has been experimentally observed at record-high temperatures, highlighting the unprecedented potential of this family of materials in fundamental science and technological innovation. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the research progress in this intrinsic magnetic topological insulator family, with a focus on single-crystal growth, characterization of chemical disorder, manipulation of magnetism through chemical substitution and external pressure, and important questions that remain to be conclusively answered.

关键词： MnBi2Te4 magnetic topological insulator magnetism tuning antiferromagnetism ferromagnetism pressure chemical doping

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Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Diffusion Flames of a Biogas Enriched with Hydrogen

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 79-96页

作者： Naima Krarraz Amina Sabeur Khadidja Safer Ahmed Ouadha Laboratoire des Science et Ingénierie Maritimes Facultéde Génie MécaniqueUniversitédes Sciences et de la Technologie d’Oran Mohamed BoudiafOranAlgérie Laboratoire des Carburants Gazeux et de l’Environnement Facultéde Génie MécaniqueUniversitédes Sciences et de la Laboratoire des Carburants Gazeux et de l’Environneme

Any biogas produced by the anaerobic fermentation of organic materials has the advantage of being an environmentally friendly biofuel.Nevertheless,the relatively low calorific value of such gases makes their effective utilization in practical applications relatively difficult.The present study considers the addition of hydrogen as a potential solution to mitigate this issue.In particular,the properties of turbulent diffusion jet flames and the related pollutant emissions are investigated numerically for different operating pressures.The related numerical simulations are conducted by solving the RANS equations in the frame of the Reynolds Stress Model in combination with the flamelet approach.Radiation effects are also taken into account and the combustion kinetics are described via the GRI-Mech 3.0 reaction model.The considered hydrogen fuel enrichment spans the range from 0%to 50%in terms of volume.pressure varies between 1 and 10 atm.The results show that both hydrogen addition and pressure increase lead to an improvement in terms of mixing quality and have a significant effect on flame temperature and height.They also reduce CO_(2) emissions but increase NOx production.Prompt NO is shown to be the predominant NO formation mechanism.

关键词： Biogas hydrogen diffusion flame turbulence NO formation route pressure

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Sulfate reduction behavior in pressure-bearing leachate saturated zone

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 545-555页

作者： Dongsheng Shen Haomin Zhou Zhiyuan Jin Wenyi Yang Manting Ci Yuyang Long Lifang Hu Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling School of Environmental Science and EngineeringInstrumental Analysis CenterZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310012China College of Quality and Safety Engineering Institution of Industrial Carbon MetrologyChina Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Attention should be paid to the sulfate reduction behavior in a pressure-bearing leachate saturated zone.In this study,within the relative pressure range of 0–0.6 MPa,the ambient temperature with the highest sulfate reduction rate of 50℃ was selected to explore the difference in sulfate reduction behavior in a pressure-bearing leachate saturated zone.The results showed that the sulfate reduction rate might further increase with an increase in pressure;however,owing to the effect of pressure increase,the generated hydrogen sulfide (H_(2)S) could not be released on time,thereby decreasing its highest concentration by approximately 85%,and the duration extended to about two times that of the atmospheric pressure.Microbial community structure and functional gene abundance analyses showed that the community distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria was significantly affected by pressure conditions,and there was a negative correlation between disulfide reductase B(dsrB) gene abundance and H_(2)S release rate.Other sulfate reduction processes that do not require disulfide reductase A (dsrA) and dsrB genes may be the key pathways affecting the sulfate reduction rate in the pressure-bearing leachate saturated zone.This study improves the understanding of sulfate reduction in landfills as well as provides a theoretical basis for the operation and management of landfills.

关键词： Landfill pressure Leachate saturated zone Sulfate reduction Odors Microbial community

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Regulation of electronic structure of monolayer MoS_(2) by pressure

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Rare Metals 2022年第5期41卷 1761-1770页

作者： Qiao-Lu Lin Zheng-Fang Qian Xiang-Yu Dai Yi-Ling Sun Ren-Heng Wang Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Understanding pressure-regulated electronic properties is crucial for integrating two-dimensional semiconductors into flexible electronic devices and pressure sensors. We thoroughly explored the tunability of the electronic structure of monolayer MoS_(2) upon the application of perpendicular pressure and shear stress by using first-principles calculations. The band gap increased at low pressures and then decreased as the pressure increased.Variations in the band gap are caused by the combined interaction of the increasing and decreasing trends in the band gap. The increase in the band gap is induced by the enhancement of the p–d orbital interaction at the top of the valence band(TVB). The delocalization of charge and unstable hybridization bonding causes a reduction in the band gap. The band gap under perpendicular pressure modes is closely related to the structural variation. Shear stress can effectively reduce the band gap with minimal change to the crystal structure. The maximum point at the TVB and the minimum point at the bottom of the conduction band are different for all pressure modes, resulting in various anisotropic properties. This study provides a theoretical basis for modulating the electrical and optical properties of monolayer MoS_(2).

关键词： Band gap pressure Monolayer MoS_(2) Electronic structure Shear stress

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Extremely Anisotropic Thermoelectric Properties of SnSe Under pressure

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第3期6卷 58-65页

作者： Wei Cao Ziyu Wang Ling Miao Jing Shi Rui Xiong Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education School of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University Suzhou 215123China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

SnSe has attracted extensive attention due to its ultralow thermal conductivity and excellent thermoelectric properties.In this work,pressure-induced thermoelectric properties of Pnma SnSe are investigated via first-principles calculations.We uncover distinct energy isosurfaces topology transition of conduction band by applying pressure.The newly created conduction band valley caused by pressure has a distinct anisotropic shape compared to the old one.Inducing pressure can greatly enhance the anisotropy of electronic transport properties of the n-type Pnma SnSe.Furthermore,the lattice thermal conductivity also exhibits anisotropic behavior under pressure due to a special collaged phonon mode.The pressure-induced lattice thermal conductivity along the a-axis shows a slower growth trend than that along the b-axis and c-axis.The optimal ZT value of the n-type Pnma SnSe along the a-axis can reach 1.64 at room temperature.These results would be helpful for designing the Pnma SnSe-based materials for the potential thermoelectric and valleytronic applications.

关键词： first-principles calculations pressure SnSe thermoelectric materials

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Structural and optical properties evolution in pressure-induced amorphization of metal-organic framework ZIF-8

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Chinese Optics Letters 2022年第9期20卷 49-54页

作者：黄鑫何进姜益光陈卓成段星张龙 CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China College of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Beijing 100049China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCASHangzhou 310024China School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Center of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang ProvinceCollege of Materials and Environmental EngineeringHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA(CICIFSA) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8),a metal-organic framework(MOF)with a non-centrosymmetric crystal structure,exhibits nonlinear optics(NLO)properties and can act as the nanoporous matrix of guest molecules.Amorphization of ZIF-8 can be achieved by pressure or high temperature.Both crystalline and amorphous states have their inherent features for optical applications.The effects of the crystalline-amorphous transition on the structural and optical properties under pressure were investigated in detail.Amorphization leads to the destruction of the ZIF-8 lattice structure,collapse of pores,and the change of spatial symmetry,which in turn alters the NLO properties of ZIF-8 and the luminescence properties of the guest Eu cations.Our results establish the structure–optical properties relationship in the amorphization process and provide new clues in designing novel MOFs optical materials.

关键词： ZIF-8 structure optical properties pressure

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Enhanced carrier mobility in MoSe_(2) by pressure modulation

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Nano Research 2023年第11期16卷 12738-12744页

作者： Zhiying Bai He Zhang Jiaqi He Dawei He Jiarong Wang Guili Li Jinxuan Bai Kun Zhao Xiaohui Yu Yongsheng Wang Xiaoxian Zhang Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of EducationInstitute of Optoelectronic TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Mathematics and Physics Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Two-dimensional(2D)materials hold great potential for the development of next-generation integrated circuits(ICs)at the atomic limit.However,it is still very challenging to build high performance devices.One of the main factors that limit the incorporation of 2D materials into IC technology is their relatively low carrier mobility.Thus,the engineering strategies that focus on optimizing performance continue to emerge.Herein,using a spatiotemporal resolved pump-probe setup,the carrier transport performance and relaxation process of few-layer and bulk MoSe_(2) under pressure were investigated nondestructively and simultaneously.Our results show that pressure can tune the transport performance effectively.In particular,under pressure regulation,the carrier mobility of the bulk MoSe_(2) increases by~4 times;meanwhile,the carrier lifetimes of the samples become shorter.Although the processes almost return to their initial state after the pressure release,it is still surprising to see that the carrier mobilities of fewlayer and bulk MoSe2 are still~1.5 and 2 times enhanced,and carrier lifetimes are still shorter than the initial state.Combined with the Raman spectra under pressure,we consider that it is caused by the enhanced layer coupling and lattice compression.The combination of enhanced mobility and shortened lifetime in MoSe_(2) under pressure holds great potential for optoelectronic applications under the deep ocean and deep earth.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs) pressure carrier relaxation transport performance spatiotemporally resolved pump-probe spectroscopy

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Acoustic response characteristics and sensitivity of briquette and raw coal under temperature and pressure control

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第1期17卷 170-179页

作者： Hewei ZHANG Jian SHEN Kexin LI Xiaojie FANG Ziwei WANG Lei DU Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources and Reservoir Formation Process(Ministry of Education) China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221008China School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Huabei Oilfield CBM Branch Company Changzhi 046000China Shaanxi Coalfield Geophysical Exploration and Mapping Co. Ltd.Xi᾽an 710000China

Acoustic testing is a widely used technique to measure the coal mechanical properties under high temperature and pressure in situ conditions.This study compared the acoustic wave characteristics of briquette and raw coal under various temperature and pressure conditions.The results show that the longitudinal wave velocity(Vp)decreases with an increasing vitrinite content.A large number of the vitrinite content enhances the process in which the temperature and pressure changed the Vp.The Vp of briquette decreases approximately linearly with the temperature compared to raw coal.The Vp of raw coal experiences initially a rapid,then gradual,and finally the moderate increasing trend with the increase in confining pressure.However,in briquette,the Vp increases approximately linearly with the confining pressure.The results indicate that the Vp is more sensitive to temperature under low confining pressure and peaks at 50℃−60℃ than high confining pressure.However,the Vp is less sensitive to temperature under higher confining pressure,and the positive effect of high confining pressure is dominant.Understanding the mechanical properties of coal under high pressure and temperature develops better insight into coalbed methane(CBM)exploration from deep reservoirs.

关键词： high-rank coal P-wave velocity temperature pressure microscopic components sensitivity

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