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Demographic histories of three predatory lady beetles reveal complex patterns of diversity and population size change in the United States

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Insect Science 2018年第6期25卷 1065-1079页

作者： Arun Sethuraman Fredric J.Janzen Michael A.Rubio Yumary Vasquez John J.Obrycki Department of Biological Sciences Cafifomia State University San MarcosSan MarcosCaliforniaUSA Department of Ecology Evolution and Organismal BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA Department of Entomology University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA

predatory lady beetles (Coccinellidae)contribute to biological control of agri- cultural pests,however,multiple species frequently compete for similar resources in the same *** studies have examined ecological interactions among the native North American convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens)and two intro- duced species,the seven-spotted lady beetle (Coccinella septempunctata)and the Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis),in agricultural fields and described multiyear population ***,the evolutionary dynamics of these interacting species of predatory beetles are *** utilize publicly available multilocus genotype data from geographically disjunct populations of these three species to estimate demography across North American *** analyses reveal (1)a recent (4-5years)decline (>12 fold)in microsatellite effective population size ***,while expanding (mutation scaled growth rate in 1/u generations =2910,SD =362)over evolutionary time scales,(2)a massive (>150 fold),and very recent,effective population size decline in Ha. axyridis,and (3)population size growth (mutation scaled growth rate =997,SD =60)over recent and evolutionary time scales in *** these estimates are based on genetic data with different mutation rates and patterns of inheritance (mitochondrial versus nuclear),these dynamic and differing population size histories are striking. Further studies of the interactions of these predatory lady beetles in the field are thus warranted to explore the consequences of population size change and biological control activities for evolutionary trajectories in North America.

关键词： biological control bottleneck demography effective population size inva- siveness predatory lady beetles

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A case of cellulitis of the hands caused by a predatory bird attack

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第2期1卷 166-168页

作者： M Adil Abbas Khan Mohammed Farid Zain A Sobani Syed Nadir Ali Huzaifa Malick Maryam Baqir Hasanat Sharif M Asim Beg Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Hospital Birmingham NHS TrustSelly Oak Hospital Medical College Aga Khan University Department of Surgery Aga Khan University Department of Pathology and Microbiology Aga Khan University

Many species have been drastically affected by rapid ***' s hawks from their natural habitat of open spaces and a supply of rodents,lizards and other small prey have been forced to change their natural environment adapting to living in open spaces in sub-and periurban *** areas include playgrounds,parks and school *** migration of this predatory species into these areas poses a risk to individuals,and especially the children are often attacked by claws,talons and beaks intentionally or as collateral damage while attacking rodent *** addition,the diverse micro-organisms harbored in the beaks and talons can result in wound infections,presenting a challenge to clinical *** we would like to present a case of an 80-year-old man with cellulitis of bom hands after sustaining minor injuries from the talons of a Harris s hawk and review the management *** would also like to draw attention to the matter that,even though previously a rarity,more cases of injuries caused by birds of prey may be seen in hospital settings.

关键词： Harris hawk predatory birds Deforestation Urbanization

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predatory Efficacy of Cotton Inhabiting Spiders on Bemisiatabaci, Amrascadevastans Thripstabaci and Helicoverpa armigera in Laboratory Conditions

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2015年第3期22卷 48-53页

作者： Mohsin S B Li Yi-jing Tang Li-jie Maqsood I Ting Ma-sun Han Le-meng Khalil U R Andleeb S Muhammad S K Saleem M A College of Veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural University College of Environment Resources Northeast Agricultural University Department of Zoology Wildlife and Fishery Government College University Faisalabad

Distinction of predator＇s diet and prey choice preference is a hot topic of current investigations. Spider being generalist predator and cosmopoliter in nature acts as biological control agent in many agro-ecosystems. In the current study, predatory efficacy of five spiders （Pardosa birmanica, Cyclosa insulana, Thomisus projectus, Plexippus paykulli and Lycosa terrestris） inhabiting the cotton fieldevaluated in the laboratory conditions maintained at （27＋2）℃ temperature, 65%-5% relative humidity and 12 ： 12 h of light and dark photoperiod. Four key cotton pests＇ viz. Bemisiatabaci, Amrascaderastans Thripstabaci and Helicoverpa armigera were utilized in the choice and no-choice predatory studies. The findings of current investigation revealed that each predatory spider utilized at least one pest species. Predation rate was found higher in the no-choice predation because of unavailability of substitutes feeding source. The investigation also indicated each predatory spider killed more pests than consumed. The findings of this study support the predatory role of spiders in controlling the cotton major pests.

关键词： predatory spider efficacy cotton pest laboratory condition

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Population characteristics of Macrocheles glaber (Acari: Macrochelidae) and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Acari: Laelapidae) reared on a mushroom fly Coboldia fuscipes (Diptera: Scatopsidae)

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Insect Science 2019年第2期26卷 322-332页

作者： Mei-Fang Wen Hsin Chi Ying-Xiao Lian Yu-Hao Zheng Qing-Hai Fan Min-Sheng You State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China Institute of Applied Ecology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops Ministry of Agriculture Fuzhou China Department of Plant Production and Technologies Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies Omer Halisdemir University Nigde Turkey Plant Health & Environment Laboratory Ministry for Primary Industries Auckland New Zealand

Subterranean predatory mites are important biological control agents of pests in soil. In order to understand the population characteristics of two predatory mites, Macrocheles glaber Miiller and Stratiolaelaps scimitus Womersley, we studied their development, survival and fecundity data under laboratory conditions using Coboldia fuscipes Meigen as a food source and analyzed them with the age-stage, two-sex life table. Macrocheles glaber had a significantly shorter developmental time, oviposition period, longevity and lower fecundity than those of S. scimitus. The intrinsic rate of increase (λ), finite rate of increase (r), net reproductive rate (C0),net predation rate (C0), and finite predation rate (ω) of M. glaber were significantly lower than those of S. scimitus. Both population parameters and computer simulation implied that S. scimitus is a potential powerful biocontrol agent compared to M. glaber.

关键词： biocontrol life table predatory mites

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How carnivorous fungi use three-celled constricting rings to trap nematodes

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Protein & Cell 2012年第5期3卷 325-328页

作者： Keke Liu Jianqing Tian Meichun Xiang Xingzhong Liu State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China􀀍

Predacious fungi form specialized hyphae structures to trap nematodes and other microscopic *** the six kinds of trapping devices,the constricting ring is the only one that actively captures *** a nematode enters the aperture of the ring,which is formed by three cells,the cells rapidly triple their vol-ume,close the aperture and hold the nematode in *** then penetrate and consume the *** paper reviews the data and hypotheses on con-serving the evolution of constricting rings and their cytological and molecular mechanisms.

关键词： constricting ring predatory mechanism

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Quantitative impact of mating duration on reproduction and offspring sex ratio of Phytoseiulus persimilis(Acari: Phytoseiidae)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第4期18卷 884-892页

作者： Lü Jia-le ZHANG Bao-he JIANG Xiao-huan WANG En-dong XU Xue-nong Lab of predatory Mites Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Phytoseiulus persimilis is an important biological control agent, commercially produced worldwide. To increase understandings of its reproduction, herein we provided quantitative descriptions of the inflation and deflation of its spermathecae as a function of time and copulation duration, and the quantitative impact of copulation termination on volume of spermatheca vesicle, fecundity, and offspring sex ratio. After mating started, at least one spermatheca started to inflate immediately, but no egg was produced until spermatheca volume reached 1 021 μm3. Beyond this size, cumulative fecundity was linearly correlated with vesicle volume. Producing one egg required 36 μm3 volume increase of the vesicle. Each spermatheca vesicle reached its peak size at the end of mating duration(ca. 2.38 h after mating started), and started to shrink immediately. In 24 h, ca. 71% individuals had one completely shriveled spermatheca, while in 72 h all individuals had at least one shriveled spermatheca. The estimated maximum cumulative fecundity per female after a single mating is(69.4±7.7) eggs. No significant impact of mating termination on offspring sex ratio was observed after mating duration reached 60 min, while higher proportion of male offspring was observed when mating duration is 15 or 30 min. This study is the first step to investigate possible male impact on offspring sex ratio in P. persimilis. Our results suggested the number of sperms received during mating be a restriction factor of P. persimilis offspring sex ratio regulation.

关键词： predatory mite pseudoarrhe no toky spermathecae fecun dity sex determi nation

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Effects of Predators on the Belowground Life Stages (Prepupae and Pupae) of the Western Flower Thrips, <i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i>(Thripidae: Thysanoptera): A Review

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Advances in Entomology 2019年第4期7卷 71-80页

作者： Raymond A. Cloyd Department of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, is a major cosmopolitan insect pest causing direct and indirect damage to greenhouse-grown horticultural crops. The primary way of managing western flower thrips populations is by routinely applying insecticides, which target the aboveground life stages: larvae and adult. However, insecticides are minimally effective against the pupal stages (prepupae and pupae) that reside in the growing medium or soil. Therefore, soil-dwelling biological control agents including: predatory mites [Stratiolaelaps scimitus and Hypoaspis = (Geolaelaps) aculeifer], and a rove beetle, Dalotia coriaria may be a viable option to induce mortality on the pupal stages. These predators will feed on the pupal stages of the western flower thrips and can provide mortality on a life stage that is tolerant of insecticide applications. However, these biological control agents need to be used in conjunction with other plant protection strategies, such as insecticides and/or biological control agents that target the aboveground life stages (larvae and adult) to effectively manage western flower thrips populations in greenhouse production systems.

关键词： predatory Mites Rove Beetle Growing Medium Biological Control Predation

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First report of Pseudobodo sp,a new pathogen of a potential energy-producing algae:Chlorella vulgaris cultures

First report of Pseudobodo sp,a new pathogen of a potential ...

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第五届全国微生物资源学术暨国家微生物资源平台运行服务研讨会

作者： Zhangran Chen Xueqian Lei Bangzhou Zhang Luxi Yang Huajun Zhang Yi Li Wei Zheng Tianling Zheng State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem School of Life SciencesXiamen University ShenZhen Research Institute of Xiamen University

Chlorella vulgaris,which could serve as a potential source of food and energy because of its photosynthetic efficiency,is a genus of single-celled green algae,belonging to the phylum *** our study,a pathogenic organism targeting *** was discovered.18S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that it shared 99.0%homology with Pseudobodo *** electron microscope analysis showed that Pseudobodo sp cells were approximately 4-5 microns long,biflagellate with an anterior collar around the anterior part of the cell in unstressed feeding *** predatory method was direct attack on *** because the crack activity was lost after its lysates were filtered through 0.22um *** the initial host,Pseudobodo sp KD51 could also kill other algae,indicating its relatively wide predatory *** stability,pH and salinity tolerance were tested to understand its predatory activities,and the results showed that it was heat-sensitive,and pH and salinity tolerant.

关键词： Chlorella vulgaris Pseudobodo tremulans SEM predatory

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