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A NUMERICAL APPROACH STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF precipitation scavenging ON STEADY-STATE DISPERSION OF AIR POLLUTANTS

International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2012年第1期3卷 51-67页

作者： MANJU AGARWAL ABHINAV TANDON Department of Mathematics and Astronomy University of Lucknow LucknowUttar PradeshIndia Department of Mathematics Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group of Professional Colleges Tiwariganj Faizabad RoadLucknowUttar PradeshIndia

The present paper demonstrates the applicability of finite element method of weighted residuals to study the effects of precipitation scavenging through raindrops on the steady-state dispersion of air pollutants in the atmosphere under realistic variable wind and diffusivity ***,the washout of pollutants by rain droplets is considered and the whole analysis for the pollutant concentration is carried out in two phases *** phase and droplet *** model solutions are obtained by using local basis and asymmetric quadratic weighting functions which can provide a promising alternative to the standard Galerkin formulation for problems with advective and diffusive *** results of the model reveal that the precipitation scavenging by rain is quite effective in cleaning the polluted *** the need of pollutant concentration in rain drops regarding acid precipitation(or acid rain),the concentration of the absorbed pollutant in the droplet phase are also ***,the present study provides an understanding on the concentration distribution of pollutant in gaseous and droplet phases,under the effects of variable wind and diffusivity profiles.

关键词： precipitation scavenging pollutant gaseous phase droplet phase finite element asymmetric weighting functions

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An estimate on the rainout of atmospheric CO_2

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2004年第1期16卷 86-89页

作者： LIUChun-jiang HannuIlvesniemi WernerKutsch MAXiang-qing CarlJ.Westman PekkaKauppi EcologyCenter UniversityofKielSchauenburgerstr112DE-24118KielGermany DepartmentofForestEcology 00014UniversityofHelsinkiFinland ForestryCollege FujianAgricultureandForestryUniversityNanping353001China DepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection 00014UniversityofHelsinkiFinland

The CO_2 in the atmosphere is in contact with water vapor and rain droplets forming CO_2·H_2O, HCO -_3 and CO 2- _3. Global precipitation is about 505×10 15 kg/a. Based on theoretical calculation for unpolluted air and measurement observations, we estimated that 100—270×10 12 gC/a are scavenged from the air by global precipitation. This roughly equals carbon emissions from volcanic sources or 2—6 per cent of current CO_2 emissions. An inventory-based estimate on carbon removal in northwestern Europe supports the above calculation on global scale. With increasing CO_2 concentration in the air, precipitation scavenging may increase.

关键词： atmospheric CO_2 dissolution dissociation precipitation scavenging rainwater

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