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Newcastle Disease Virus Isolation and Its Prevalence in Uganda poultry Farms

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第1期4卷 1-5页

作者： Keneth Iceland Kasozi Paul Ssuna Dickson Stuart Tayebwa Mohd Alyas Central Diagnostic Laboratory Department of Pharmacy Clinics and Comparative Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda entral Diagnostic Laboratory Department of Pharmacy Clinics and Comparative Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) Central Avian Research Institute (CARI) Izatnagar India

The present research work was carried out to isolate and identify Newcastle disease virus (NDV) by using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and HA-HI virus isolation, embryonated eggs (EE) and chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF). A total of 95 clinical (blood, tracheal and cloacal swabs) and post-mortem (brain, lung, colon and spleen) samples were collected from chickens of field outbreaks of suspected Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The HI and HA-HI were employed to detect NDV in tissue homogenates of all the clinical and post-mortem samples as well as laboratory samples (AF and ICF). Among the four different types of post-mortem samples, virus isolation rate was found to be low in body organs. In CEF cell culture system, the rate of virus isolation from all the aforesaid samples was found to be at 100% with the exception of serum samples;while in tracheal and cloacal swabs, it was at 90%;while in serum, it was at 10%, in all clinical cases. The isolation rate of NDV was higher in CEF culture system (66.7%) compared to that of avian embryos (33.3%). Samples were inoculated and the allantoic fluid (AF) of the dead embryos and the infected culture fluid (ICF) of the CEF were harvested at 24 to 96 hours of the post-infection, respectively, which revealed that the virulent strain of NDV is highly prevalent in the region. The prevalence of NDV was established at 1.1%, 2.1% and 4.2% using HA-HI, EE, and CEF methods. Rapid detection and identification of the virus are crucial for the effective control of the disease as conventional diagnostic methods such as virus isolation on embryonated eggs followed by serological identification in haemagglutination-inhibition test are laborious and time-consuming. The speed of the diagnosis can be considerably increased by using methods based on molecular biology, e.g. reverse transcription—polymerase chain reaction. However, the genetic variability of APMV-1 isolates should be considered carefully as the potential cause for false neg

关键词： Newcastle Disease Virus Chicken Embryo Virus Isolation poultry Farmers in Uganda Avain Viruses in Africa Animal Production Challenges

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Mathematical Equations for Reducing Water Pollution Problems among poultry Production Clusters in Nong Khai Province, Thailand

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2014年第2期2卷 48-51页

作者： Worapol Aengwanich Thongchai Boonsorn Komvut Thammasar 1Stress and Oxidative Stress in Animal Research Unit Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham Thailand 2Nong Khai Provincial Livestock Office Department of Livestock Development Nong Khai Thailand

poultry production clusters (PPC) in Nong Khai raise layer chickens in the poultry houses constructed over fish ponds. Layer farmers use chicken manure to feed their fish. However, unbalance between chicken raising and the size of fish pond or number of fish results in low water quality, which affects fish production and the community’s public water resource. In this field study, data was collected from layer farms in three poultry production clusters in Nong Khai province in the northeast of Thailand (a total of 90 farms) between April and August 2013. Data collected consisted of observations of dissolved oxygen (DO) values of water in the fish ponds, the number of egg-laying chickens raised above the fish ponds, the number of fish and size of the fish ponds. When all of these four observations were analyzed, mathematical equations for calculating the number of chickens raised, the number of fish per one rai (1600 m2), and the size of pond suitable for the number of chickens and fish were obtained as follows: 1) number of fish/rai = 5796 + 1097(size of pond) (R2 = 0.71), 2) number of chicken/rai = 513 + 223(size of pond) (R2 = 0.48) and 3) size of pond =-0.328474 + 0.000262(Fish) + 0.00117(Chicken) (R2 = 0.40). When pond = desired pond size, fish = number of fish to be raised and chicken = number of chickens to be raised.

关键词： Mathematic Equation Water Pollution poultry Production Clusters PPCs Fish Pond Thailand

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Research Progress on the Effect of Aflatoxin on poultry Immunization

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第6期7卷 123-124,129页

作者： Xiaolong YU Xinmiao HE Wentao WANG Yanzhong FENG Heshu CHEN Ming TIAN Di LIU Institute of Animal Husbandry Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Aflatoxins( AFs) are a major pollution source of grain pollution and are secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and ***,which are one of the most toxic and carcinogenic *** animals with aflatoxin-contaminated food can cause toxicosis,acute liver injury or liver cancer in animals,and also can cause multiple organ damage,decline in production performance and disease resistance,even death,which brings great economic losses to animal *** addition,AFs can do great harm to the human *** the body ingests large amounts of AFs,it may suffer from acute poisoning and acute liver damage; and AFs can cause chronic poisoning of the body with continuous intake of trace *** paper briefly analyzed the effect of AFs on the structure and function of poultry immune organs,immune gene expression,immunosuppression and so on.

关键词： Aflatoxins(AFs) Immunization Gene expression poultry Immune organ Immunosuppression

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The Effects of Residual Blood of Carcasses on poultry Technological Quality

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第10期3卷 1382-1386页

作者： Bourbab Mohamed Idaomar Mohamed Laboratory of Biology and Health University Abdelmalek Essaadi Faculty of Science BP 2121. Tétouan Morocco

The objective of this work is to show the effect of residual blood on the quality of chicken meat, work based on the hypothesis that increasing the concentration of residual blood would explain the observed quality degradation by several authors. Lots of chickens are killed with two different types of slaughter: Slaughter without stunning for a maximum flow of blood or bleeding perfect PS, shooting seals slight lead to keep almost all blood from the carcass or bleeding IS flawed. To prove the residual blood factors that are responsible for high pHu level and high values of (L* A* B*) in poultry, this study compares the pHu level and values of (L* A* B*) in poultry both perfectly and imperfectly bled. Samples from imperfectly bled carcasses show a high value average number of A* = 12.68 and B* = 16.85;and L* = 54.09 VS the average number of A* = 8.50 and B* = 14.43 and L* = 50.27. At 3℃ storage temperature, the average pHu of perfectly bled poultry was (5.7) which was significantly (P poultry (6.08). At 7℃ storage temperature, the average pHu of perfectly bled poultry was (6.07) which was significantly (P poultry is responsible for high values of (L* A* B*) and high values of pHu therefore the deterioration of the poultry Colour.

关键词： Meat Quality Residual Blood poultry Meat Colour Meat pHu Perfectly Bled (PS) Imperfectly Bled (IB)

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Emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8)clade 2.3.4.4b viruses in grebes in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia,China,in 2021

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 348-353页

作者： Qiuzi Xu Xinru Lü Yi Li Hua Luo Zhen Zhang Xiang Li Rongxiu Qin Qing An Fengyi Qu Zhenliang Zhao Chengbo Zhang Weidong Wang Yuecheng Li Yajun Wang Xiangwei Zeng Zhijun Hou Jingqiang Ren Yulong Wang Yanbing Li Hongliang Chai College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Harbin Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150040China Wenzhou Key Laboratory for Virology and Immunology Institute of VirologyWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325000China Ordos Forestry and Grassland Administration Ordos 017000China Monitoring Center for Terrestrial Wildlife Epidemic Diseases Yinchuan 750000China

Highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)subtype H5Nx viruses have spread globally and are a major concern for poultry,wild birds,mammals,and even humans(de Vries et al.2015;Zeng et al.2022).The hemagglutinin(HA)genes of H5 subtype viruses have evolved into multiple clades and some of these clades have been further divided into subclades(Cui et al.2022).Clade 2.***.4.4H5N8 HPAI viruses(HPAIVs)have caused several waves of disease outbreaks in wild birds and domestic poultry(Wang et al.2022).

关键词： poultry Ningxia influenza

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Measures for Pollution Emission Reduction in Large-scale Livestock and poultry Farm of Jilin Province

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2019年第1期10卷 55-58页

作者： Duan Lijie Zhuang Yushi Chen Wenying Jilin Academy of Environmental Sciences

In order to improve the level of livestock and poultry breeding pollution control,fulfill the requirements of pollution reduction and complete total emission reduction target of main pollutants in Jilin Province,based on the analysis of livestock and poultry breeding excrement characteristics,the current main problems existing in the management are deeply studied,and it puts forward the technique model suitable for livestock and poultry breeding pollution governance in Jilin Province,which is one of the important means to solve the rural environment pollution in Jilin Province.

关键词： Jilin Province Livestock and poultry pollution Pollution emission reduction

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Exploratory Application of X-ray Photography in the Diagnosis of poultry Fatty Liver

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2019年第4期8卷 90-91页

作者： Yiqi ZHANG Jiao LI Jintang LUO Dongxu WANG Yuanqing ZHONG Yihao ZHANG Suohua ZHAO Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Tianjin Agricultural University

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the application value of X ray in the diagnosis of poultry fatty liver.[Methods]Serum biochemical tests were performed on laying hens with suspected fatty *** X-ray liver images of the left lateral position were *** the liver traits were observed by anatomy.[Results]The increase in liver space occupying lesion observed by X-ray photography was consistent with the increase in liver volume observed by *** biochemical test showed slight liver function abnormalities.[Conclusions]X-ray examination can be used for the auxiliary diagnosis of poultry fatty liver.

关键词： poultry Fatty liver X-ray Auxiliary diagnosis

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Study on Measures and Policies to Reduce Pollution in Raising Livestock and poultry in Jiangsu Province

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Asian Agricultural Research 2013年第10期5卷 93-96页

作者： Yonghong LIANG Yongxiang GUAN Hao WU Zichen WANG Jiangsu Agricultural Environmental Monitoring and Protecting Station Recycling Agricultural Center of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science

As a developed province in China,Jiangsu Province is competitive in the livestock and poultry production *** the development and growing intensity of livestock and poultry industry,animal pollution has become the major source of panel agricultural *** paper studied the characteristics of livestock and poultry industry in Jiangsu Province:large amount of livestock poultry,imbalanced development of livestock and regional differences,large pollution,large amount of pollution emission,uneven distribution of livestock and great pressure on reducing ***,the ways to deal with pollution in Jiangsu Province were analyzed:fertilizer accumulation,biogas process technology,animal stools disposal center,ferment bed technology,and comprehensive disposal ***'policies on pollution reduction were *** the end,several suggestions were put forward,such as strengthening management,innovating treatment,intensifying governments'responsibility,enlarging financial input and creating favorable atmosphere to protect environment.

关键词： Pollution emission Raising livestock and poultry T

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Safety Assessment and Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Metal Pollutants in Livestock and poultry Meat from Different Regions of China

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Asian Agricultural Research 2019年第1期11卷 76-82页

作者： Yajie WANG Heng TAO Kai CHEN Hu XIA Jinlin HE Guangcan TAO Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis Guizhou Food Safety Testing Application Engineering Technology Research Center Co. Ltd. Food Safety and Nutrition(Guizhou)Information Technology Co. Ltd.

[Objective] To analyze and compare the heavy metal inspection results of different livestock and poultry meat from different farms,wholesale markets,farmers' markets and supermarkets in different areas of China,in order to evaluate the health risks of livestock and poultry meat.[Method] A total of 10 500 samples of 5 kinds of livestock and poultry meat were collected in North China,Northeast China,East China,Central China,South China,Southwest China and Northwest China during *** samples were analyzed and evaluated with the method of index of food safety( IFS).[Result]the average over-standard rates of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in samples were 1.10%-2.48%,0.67%-2.48%,1.00%-2.57%,0.81%-1.43% and 0.43%-1.00%,respectively,and the index of food safety was less than *** pollution levels of Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in livestock and poultry meat in Southwest China were higher than those in other areas,while the pollution of As in Northeast China was severer than that in other *** order of IFS values of different heavy metals in different livestock and poultry meat was the same.[Conclusion] The index of food safety showed that the risk of heavy metal pollution in livestock and poultry meat did not exceed the acceptable limit.

关键词： Livestock and poultry meat Assessment method of index of food safety Heavy metal Food safety evaluation

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poultry作主语时动词用单数还是复数?

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英语知识 2004年第6期 47-47页

作者：顾祖良常熟高专

【问】[424]在讲述以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题时, 《新编英语语法教程》(章振邦主编,第3版,学生用书)p.41上讲:有些集体名词,如police,people,cattle,militia,poultry(家禽),

关键词： poultry 主语动词单数复数语法大学英语

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