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Examination of two-phase behaviors in porous media during pool boiling

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1695-1713页

作者： ZHANG ZhiHao GUAN ShuYa WU Rui ZHAO ChangYing School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

The enhancement of pool boiling heat transfer using porous media has been extensively studied. Although the two-phase distribution and evolution in porous media are crucial to the heat transfer performance, including the critical heat flux(CHF) and heat transfer coefficient(HTC), direct observation of the two-phase flow inside the media is limited owing to the blockage of the direct view from the porous structures. In this study, pool boiling visualization experiments were conducted on porous samples with different throat widths in deionized water. The results showed that the HTC increased with the throat width. Additionally,the growth-contraction cycle of the vapor region and the formation and drying of the wall liquid film inside the porous media were investigated. The vapor region, including the maximum and minimum areas in the boiling cycle, was quantitatively described. Furthermore, the relationship between the minimum gas-phase area and HTC peak was identified. A one-dimensional transient model was developed considering solid skeleton heat conduction, liquid film evaporation, and vapor region growth to quantitatively study the influence of heat flux on the internal two-phase flow. The model successfully captured the maximum gas-phase area, duration of boiling cycles, and HTC trends at specific heat fluxes. The results of this quantitative study provide insights into the internal two-phase distribution and evolution induced by pool boiling.

关键词： porous media two-phase behaviors pool boiling

A study on the temperature sensitivity of NMR porosity in porous media based on the intensity of magnetization Dedicated to the special issue “Magnetic Resonance in porous media”

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 28-39页

作者： Lu Zhang Lizhi Xiao Wensheng Wu Guangzhi Liao Yan Zhang Sihui Luo Xinglong Lei National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China College of Geophysics China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company China National Petroleum CorporationRenqiu062552China

The measurement of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)porosity is affected by temperature.Without considering the impact of NMR logging tools,this phenomenon is mainly caused by variations in magnetization intensity of the measured system due to temperature fluctuations and difference between the temperature of the porous medium and calibration sample.In this study,the effect of temperature was explained based on the thermodynamic theory,and the rules of NMR porosity responses to temperature changes were identified through core physics experiments.In addition,a method for correcting the influence of temperature on NMR porosity measurement was proposed,and the possible factors that may affect its application were also discussed.

关键词： NMR porosity Temperature porous media Intensity of magnetization

Methane hydrate formation in porous media:Overview and perspectives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第11期31卷 454-480,I0012页

作者： Yue Qin Liyan Shang Zhenbo Lv Jianyu He Xu Yang Zhien Zhang College of Petroleum Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun 113001LiaoningChina School of Environmental&Safety Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun 113001LiaoningChina College of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun 113001LiaoningChina School of Computer Science Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang 110135LiaoningChina Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26506United States

Natural gas hydrate(NGH)has recently received more attention as a cleaner alternative energy source that not only reduces carbon emissions caused by the use of conventional fossil fuels but also plays a key role in global climate change.Furthermore,hydrate-based technologies,particularly hydrate-based carbon capture and storage,have enormous promise for decreasing global carbon emissions,and porous media play an important role in all hydrate-based technologies.Accordingly,this paper reviews the recent applications of porous media in the field of methane hydrate(MH)formation and analyzes the influence of porous media systems on MH phase equilibria and formation kinetics.This is because the efficiency of hydrate-based technologies is determined mainly by the phase equilibrium and formation kinetics of hydrates.The influence of the nature of the media on MH formation in porous media systems is comprehensively summarized to understand how porous media can efficiently enhance the kinetics of hydrate formation.Promoters are necessary for rapid hydrate formation,and the effect of various promoters on MH formation was also evaluated.Based on the aforementioned overview and understanding,the mechanisms for MH formation in various porous media systems are proposed.Finally,the future perspectives and challenges of hydrate-based technologies in tackling global climate change were discussed.This review provides a fundamental understanding of the application and development of porous media in rapid hydrate formation,a fair evaluation of the performance of various porous media systems,and critical insights into major research foci.

关键词： Methane hydrate porous media Phase equilibrium Kinetics Carbon neutrality

Near-field performance of chemical dissolution-front instability around a circular acid-injection-well in fluid-saturated porous media

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 2025-2035页

作者： ZHAO ChongBin HOBBS Bruce ORD Alison Computational Geosciences Research Centre Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Earth and Environment University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia

This paper investigates the near-field performance of chemical dissolution-front instability(CDFI) around a circular acidinjection-well in fluid-saturated porous media(FSPM) through using purely mathematical deductions.After the mathematical governing equations of the CDFI problem involving radially divergent flow are briefly described,both analytical base solutions and perturbation solutions for the considered problem are mathematically derived.These analytical solutions lead to the theoretical expression of the perturbation induced dimensionless growth-rate and the following two new findings.The first new finding is that the critical Peclet number of a chemical dissolution system(CDS) associated with radially divergent flow in FSPM is not only a function of the permeability ratio between the undissolved and dissolved regions as well as the dimensionless wavenumber,but also a function of the circular chemical dissolution-front location relative to the circular acid-injection-well in FSPM.The second new finding is that as the direct result of considering a nonzero radius of the circular acid-injection-well,there exits a critical closeness number,which may be used to assess where the circular chemical dissolution-front starts becoming unstable in the CDS associated with radially divergent flow.Based on these two new findings,a theoretical criterion of two parts has been established.The first part of the established theoretical criterion answers the scientific question when a circular chemical dissolution-front can become unstable,while the second part of the established theoretical criterion answers the scientific question where a circular chemical dissolution-front can become unstable.Through applying the established theoretical criterion,a long-term existing mystery why the wormhole pattern of fractal nature and the compact pattern of fingering nature are formed at different locations away from the circular acid-injection-well circumference in fluid-saturated carbonate rocks has been successfully revealed.

关键词： near-field performance circular injection well radially divergent flow analytical solutions dissolution-front instability porous media

Numerical Simulation of Heat and Momentum Transport at the Coupled Interface between a Rectangular Channel and porous media

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第2期31卷 332-343页

作者： WANG Ye WU Jingyi YANG Guang Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

porous media have been extensively used for the enhancement of heat transfer,due to their large specific surface area.In many cases,the flow and heat transfer in porous media are also coupled with other flow patterns,such as the channel flow.This work investigates numerically a non-isothermal three-dimensional mixing process from a rectangular channel and a porous medium to reveal the influence of the structural parameters on the flow and heat transfer characteristics in the coupled system.The detailed heat and momentum transport behavior at the coupled interface are analyzed at the pore-scale.Correlations of the friction factor and the Nusselt number within the porous media are proposed as functions of the Reynolds number,porosity,velocity ratio,and pore size.Results from the pore-scale simulations are also used to improve the less-cost representative-elementary-volume-scale numerical model,which can be further used for the modeling of relevant engineering problems.

关键词： porous media cross-flow pore-scale simulation structural effect convective heat transfer

Flow characteristic of polymer solutions in porous media:Influence of the molecular weight and concentration

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Petroleum 2023年第2期9卷 214-222页

作者： Yingjie Dai Jia Li Li Li Yifei Liu Yuan Li Xiangyu Wang Xuguang Song Caili Dai Bin Yuan Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development(China University of Petroleum East China)Ministry of EducationQingdao 266580China Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry(China University of Petroleum East China)Qingdao 266580China Nanchong Vocational and Technical College Nanchong 637131China Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute of Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an 710000China Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Fracturing&Acidizing and Natural Gas Production Research InstituteDongying 257000China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada

The polymer solution flow in porous media is a central research topic related to hydraulic fracturing measures,formation damage and fracture propagation.Influenced by molecular weights and concentrations,various flow patterns of polymer in pores are presented,resulting in different filtration loss.In this work,the effectiveness of various polymer solutions for filtration loss was assessed by utilizing the core flooding experiment firstly.The result shows that lesser filtration loss normally is inextricably linked to solutions with high molecular weight and concentration.Subsequently,the flow behaviors of polymer solutions investigated by designed micro pore-throat structure and micro-particle image velocimetry(m-PIV)further confirmed the above result.It was found that the central convergent flow pattern benefiting from higher viscous force loss and less filtration loss was observed at high flow rates(0.5 mL/h),and higher molecular weight and concentration were more prone to convergent flow patterns.The viscosity force loss increases by about 4 times varying the molecular weight of polymer from 5×10^(6)to 18×10^(6)g/mol or the concentration from 0.05 to 0.3%.It interprets higher molecular weight and concentration in core studies and field observations with decreased filtration loss of HPAM.This work provides a theoretical foundation for the application of fracturing fluids as well as fresh perspectives on how to access the filtration loss of fracturing fluids.

关键词： Polymer solution porous media Flow pattern m-PIV

Flow characteristics and regime transition of aqueous foams in porous media over a wide range of quality,velocity,and surfactant concentration

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Petroleum Science 2023年第2期20卷 1044-1052页

作者： Bin-Fei Li Meng-Yuan Zhang Zhao-Min Li Anthony Kovscek Yan Xin Bo-Liang Li Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development(China University of Petroleum(East China)) Ministry of EducationQingdao266580ShandongPR China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongPR China Department of Energy Resources Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA

Aqueous foam is broadly applicable to enhanced oil recovery(EOR).The rheology of foam as a function of foam quality,gas and liquid velocities,and surfactant concentration constitute the foundation of its application.The great variations of the above factors can affect the effectiveness of N2 foam in EOR continuously in complex formations,which is rarely involved in previous relevant studies.This paper presents an experimental study of foam flow in porous media by injecting pre-generated N2 foam into a sand pack under the conditions of considering a wide range of gas and liquid velocities and surfactant concentrations.The results show that in a wide range of gas and liquid velocities,the pressure gradient contours are L-shaped near the coordinate axes,but V-shaped in other regions.And the surfactant concentration is a strong factor influencing the trend of pressure gradient contours.Foam flow resistance is very sensitive to the surfactant concentration in both the high-and low-foam quality regime,especially when the surfactant concentration is less than CMC.The foam quality is an important variable to the flow resistance obtained.There exists a transition point from low-to high-quality regime in a particular flow system,where has the maximum flow resistance,the corresponding foam quality is called transition foam quality,which increases as the surfactant concentration increases.The results can add to our knowledge base of foam rheology in porous media,and can provide a strong basis for the field application of foams.

关键词： Foam flow regime and transition porous media Pressure gradient Flow velocity Surfactant concentration Foam quality

“Relay-mode”promoting permeation of water-based fire extinguishing agent in granular materials porous media stacks

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第7期35卷 98-112页

作者： Kang Wang Wei Tan Liyan Liu School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology Tianjin 300350China

Water-based fire extinguishing agent is the main means to deal with smoldering fires.However,due to the hydrophobic properties of the particle surface,the porous medium channel provide resistance and slow down the extinguishing agent flow during the downward permeation process.To promote the liquid permeation process in such porous media,this work studied liquid imbibition process and analyzed the oscillating and attenuating process of liquid level in capillary channel by theoretical,experimental,and numerical methods.An empirical mathematical equation was proposed to describe the oscillating process,and the effects of the capillary diameter and contact angle parameters on the transportation process were analyzed.Based on this,the“relay-mode”was proposed to promote the liquid transportation forward.Finally,the transient simulation results of liquid permeation in coal stacks showed when the liquid flowed through the channel with changed diameter from large to small ones,the transportation distance was several times longer than that through the unidiameter ones.The trend of liquid“relay-mode”in capillaries can be used to promote the permeation in granular materials porous media stacks.The relevant results also provide new thoughts to develop the water-based fire extinguishing agents and then improve the firefighting efficiency of deep-seated fire in porous media stacks.

关键词： Granular materials porous media Safety Permeation Water-based fire extinguishing agent

First-order approximate analytical expressions of oblique incident elastic wave at an interface of porous media saturated with a nonviscous fluid

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Petroleum Science 2022年第6期19卷 2720-2740页

作者： Dong-Yong Zhou Xing-Yao Yin Xiao-Tao Wen Xi-Lei He Zhen-Hua He State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduSichuan610059China Key Laboratory of Earth Exploration and Information Technology of Ministry of Education Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduSichuan610059China College of Geosciences and Technology China University of Petroleum(East China)QingdaoShandong266580China

The analysis technology of Amplitude Variation with Offset(AVO)is one of the important methods for oil and gas reservoir prediction.Zoeppritz equation and its approximations are the theoretical basis of AVO analysis,which assumes that the upper and lower media of a horizontal interface are single-phase media.Limited by this assumption,AVO analysis has limited prediction and identification accuracy for complex porous reservoirs.In view of this,the first-order approximate analytical expressions of oblique elastic wave at an interface of porous media are derived.Firstly,the incident and scattering characteristics of various waves at the interface of porous media are analyzed,and the displacement vectors generated by these elastic waves are described by exponential function.Secondly,the kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions at the interface of porous media are discussed.Thirdly,by substituting the displacement vectors of incident and scattered waves into boundary conditions,the exact analytical equation is derived.Then,considering the symmetry of scattering matrix in the equation,the exact analytical expressions of each scattered wave are obtained.Furthermore,under the assumptions of small incident angle,weak elasticity at an interface of porous media,and ignoring the second-and higherorder terms,the first-order approximate analytical expressions are derived.Establishing a model of sandstone porous media with different porosity in upper and lower media,the correctness of the approximate analytical expressions is verified,and the elastic wave response characteristics of lithology and pore fluids are analyzed.

关键词： First-order approximate expressions Oblique incident wave Elastic plane wave porous media Scattering coefficient