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A pooling Method Developed for Use in Convolutional Neural Networks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 751-770页

作者： Ìsmail Akgül Departmant of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureErzincan Binali Yıldırım UniversityErzincan24002Turkiye

In convolutional neural networks,pooling methods are used to reduce both the size of the data and the number of parameters after the convolution of the *** methods reduce the computational amount of convolutional neural networks,making the neural network more *** pooling,average pooling,and minimum pooling methods are generally used in convolutional neural ***,these pooling methods are not suitable for all datasets used in neural network *** this study,a new pooling approach to the literature is proposed to increase the efficiency and success rates of convolutional neural *** method,which we call MAM(Maximum Average Minimum)pooling,is more interactive than other traditional maximum pooling,average pooling,and minimum pooling methods and reduces data loss by calculating the more appropriate pixel *** proposed MAM pooling method increases the performance of the neural network by calculating the optimal value during the training of convolutional neural *** determine the success accuracy of the proposed MAM pooling method and compare it with other traditional pooling methods,training was carried out on the LeNet-5 model using CIFAR-10,CIFAR-100,and MNIST *** to the results obtained,the proposed MAM pooling method performed better than the maximum pooling,average pooling,and minimum pooling methods in all pool sizes on three different datasets.

关键词： pooling convolutional neural networks deep learning

A pooling strategy of a PCR-based assay to detectAngiostrongylus cantonensis in snail intermediate host,Pomacea canaliculata

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Frontiers of Medicine 2010年第2期4卷 204-207页

作者： Fu-Rong WEI Shan LV He-Xiang LIU Ling HU Yi ZHANG Department of Vector Control National Institute of Parasitic DiseaseChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Ministry of HealthShanghai 200025China

poolingﬁeld specimens could reduce the number of assay and thus increase the efﬁciency in detecting and screening pathogen infections by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based *** investigated a pooling strategy in diagnosis of Angiostrongylus canto-nensis in Pomacea *** settings of speci-mens were prepared,divided into portions and detected by multiplex *** A was 0.4490 g positive lung tissue of 28 larval nodes from four snails mixed with 1.310 g negative lung tissue from six snails and divided into 32 *** B was 0.5448 g positive lung tissue with 26 larval nodes from two snails mixed with 1.092 g negative lung tissue from seven snails and divided into 48 *** sampling was performed and sample size-accumulated positive rate curves were *** to the sample size-accumulated positive rate curves,the appropriate sample size of the two specimens were 18 and 15,respectively,which is 0.36–0.58 to the total sample *** test characteristics and the relevant factors to the sample size would need to be determined in much larger studies and more appropriately inﬁeld *** result indicates that the number of larval node is not the most important,nor the only factor to the sample *** also implies the feasibility to detect *** in *** by pooling strategies.

关键词： Angiostrongylus cantonensis Pomacea cana-liculata multiplex polymerase chain reaction diagnosis pooling

A Decision-Support System for the Car pooling Problem

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2012年第2期2卷 85-101页

作者： Riccardo Manzini Arrigo Pareschi Department of Industrial Engineering Bologna University Bologna Italy

The continuous increase of human mobility combined with a relevant use of private vehicles contributes to increase the ill effects of vehicle externalities on the environment, e.g. high levels of air pollution, toxic emissions, noise pollution, and on the quality of life, e.g. parking problem, traffic congestion, and increase in the number of crashes and accidents. Transport demand management plays a very critical role in achieving greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. This study demonstrates that car pooling (CP) is an effective strategy to reduce transport volumes, transportation costs and related hill externalities in agreement with EU programs of emissions reduction targets. This paper presents an original approach to solve the CP problem. It is based on hierarchical clustering models, which have been adopted by an original decision support system (DSS). The DSS helps mobility managers to generate the pools and to design feasible paths for shared vehicles. A significant case studies and obtained results by the application of the proposed models are illustrated. They demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach and the supporting decisions tool.

关键词： Car pooling Clustering Analysis (CA) Passenger Transportation Modes Vehicle Efficiency Sustainability Transport Transport Demand Management

Why Are Risk-pooling and Risk-Sharing Arrangements Necessary for Financing Healthcare and Improving Health Outcomes in Low and Lower Middle-Income Countries

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Health 2018年第1期10卷 122-131页

作者： Ali Ahangar Ali Mohammad Ahmadi Amir Hossein Mozayani Mozayani Sajjad Faraji Dizaji School of Economics and Management Tarbiat Modarres University (TMU) Tehran Iran Economic Research Center (ERC) Tarbiat Modarres University (TMU) Tehran Iran Department of Economic Development and Planning School of Economics and Management Tarbiat Modarres University (TMU) Tehran Iran

Health is important to economic development, and economic development has an important impact on health outcomes. Health Expenditure makes up a substantial part of the global economy. In the world, the costs of healthcare are increasing;patients are compelled to pay more for treatment, and that makes a lot of people faced to Catastrophic Health Expenditures (CHE) and in long run fall below the poverty line. One of the most urgent and vexing challenges faced by many low- and middle-income countries is how to provide health care for the more than two billion poor people who live in these areas (developing countries). As much as more than 65% (in 2014) of total private health care expenditure in low-income countries comes from out-of-pocket payment by patients. In addition, according to World Bank report (2007), in low and lower middle-income countries was speared nearly 13% of global health spending with 87% the global disease burden. The WHO considers health financing models with high risk pooled, such as health insurance and prepaid schemes, a promising means for achieving universal health-care coverage and promotion health care. A crucial concept in health financing is that of pooling. The WHO defines risk-pooling as the “accumulation and management of revenues in such a way as to ensure that the risk of having to pay for health care is borne by all members of the pool and not by each contributor individually”. The larger degree of pooling, the less people will have to bear the health financial risks. Furthermore, adopting and operating financing policies based on greeter risk pooling/sharing (prepayments) are recommended to all countries (especially in low and lower-middle income countries). It means risk sharing/pooling plays a key role in all financing systems for achieving effectiveness and efficiency health systems.

关键词： Risk pooling Risk Sharing Health Care Financing Health Economics Low and Middle Income

Effects of pooling,specialization,and discretionary task completion on queueing performance

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运筹学学报（中英文） 2024年第3期28卷 81-96页

作者： JIANG Houyuan Judge Business School University of CambridgeCB21AGCambridgethe United Kingdom

pooling,unpooling/specialization,and discretionary task completion are typical operational strategies in queueing systems that arise in healthcare,call centers,and online *** strategies may have advantages and disadvantages in different operational *** paper uses the M/M/1 and M/M/2 queues to study the impact of pooling,specialization,and discretionary task completion on the average queue ***-form solutions for the average M/M/2 queue length are *** examples illustrate how the average queue length changes with the strength of pooling,specialization,and discretionary task ***,several conjectures are made in the paper.

关键词： queuing systems pooling specialization discretionary task completion average queue length

基于DNA pooling技术的全基因组关联研究筛选主动脉夹层等位基因遗传位点

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实用医学杂志 2012年第20期28卷 3405-3407页

作者：陈逸飞钟诗龙罗建方薛凌黎明胡孜阳成都大学附属医院心内科 610081 广东省人民医院广东省医学科学院医学研究中心广州市510080 广东省心血管病研究所广东省人民医院广东省医学科学院广州市510080

目的:筛选与主动脉夹层发病机制相关的遗传易感基因。方法:从主动脉夹层患者(150例)及对照组(250例)外周血白细胞提取基因组DNA,采用DNA pooling为基础的Illumina Human660W-Quad芯片扫描,筛选与主动脉夹层发病相关的遗传易感基因。结果... 详细信息

目的:筛选与主动脉夹层发病机制相关的遗传易感基因。方法:从主动脉夹层患者(150例)及对照组(250例)外周血白细胞提取基因组DNA,采用DNA pooling为基础的Illumina Human660W-Quad芯片扫描,筛选与主动脉夹层发病相关的遗传易感基因。结果:(1)对照组女性数量明显多于病例组(P0.05)。(2)遗传变异位点SNPrs2298491(位于TBCEL基因),SNP rs6080720(位于BFSP1基因),SNP rs7653410(位于SNTN基因),SNP rs2345106(位于COLQ基因)和位于ABCA13基因上的SNPrs4024044可能与主动脉夹层的发病有关。结论:SNPsrs2298491,rs6080720,rs7653410,rs2345106和rs4024044可能是主动脉夹层发病机制相关遗传变异位点的一部分。

关键词：主动脉夹层 DNA pooling 单核苷酸多态性全基因组关联研究基因

采用Pyrosequencing和pooling技术对SNP位点多态性分析

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中国司法鉴定 2014年第1期 56-58页

作者：赵珍敏张素华司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所上海市法医学重点实验室上海200063

目的建立基于pyrosequencing和pooling技术进行SNP位点的法医学多态性分析技术。方法对50名无关个体样本建立一适合pyrosequencing检测的组池;采用PyroMark Assay Design 2.0软件进行SNP位点等位基因定量分析的引物设计;对组池样本PCR... 详细信息

目的建立基于pyrosequencing和pooling技术进行SNP位点的法医学多态性分析技术。方法对50名无关个体样本建立一适合pyrosequencing检测的组池;采用PyroMark Assay Design 2.0软件进行SNP位点等位基因定量分析的引物设计;对组池样本PCR产物进行焦磷酸测序检测。结果检测的3个SNP位点多态性良好,其中位点rs220028与以往人群调查后频率数据无显著差异。结论采用pyrosequencing和pooling技术对SNP位点进行多态性分析,适合于位点的初筛及大规模群体调查。该技术准确可靠,方便快捷。

关键词： pyrosequencing pooling SNP

Perceptual Gradient Similarity Deviation for Full Reference Image Quality Assessment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2018年第9期56卷 501-515页

作者： Manyu Jin Tao Wang Zexuan Ji Xiaobo Shen School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technology University639798Singapore

Perceptual image quality assessment(IQA)is one of the most indispensable yet challenging problems in image processing and computer *** is quite necessary to develop automatic and efficient approaches that can accurately predict perceptual image quality consistently with human subjective *** further improve the prediction accuracy for the distortion of color images,in this paper,we propose a novel effective and efficient IQA model,called perceptual gradient similarity deviation(PGSD).Based on the gradient magnitude similarity,we proposed a gradient direction selection method to automatically determine the pixel-wise perceptual *** luminance and chrominance channels are both took into account to characterize the quality degradation caused by intensity and color ***,a multi-scale strategy is utilized and pooled with different weights to incorporate image details at different *** results on LIVE,CSIQ and TID2013 databases demonstrate the superior performances of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Image quality assessment full reference perceptual gradient similarity multi-scale standard deviation pooling

A Study on Classification and Detection of Small Moths Using CNN Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1987-1998页

作者： Sang-Hyun Lee Department of Computer Engineering Honam UniversityGwangsanguGwangju62399South Korea

Currently,there are many limitations to classify images of small *** addition,there are limitations such as error detection due to external factors,and there is also a disadvantage that it is difficult to accurately distinguish between various *** paper uses a convolutional neural network(CNN)algorithm to recognize and classify object images of very small moths and obtain precise data images.A convolution neural network algorithm is used for image data classification,and the classified image is transformed into image data to learn the topological structure of the *** improve the accuracy of the image classification and reduce the loss rate,a parameter for finding a fast-optimal point of image classification is set by a convolutional neural network and a pixel image as a *** a result of this study,we applied a convolution neural network algorithm to classify the images of very small moths by capturing precise images of the *** results showed that the accuracy of classification of very small moths was more than 90%.

关键词： Convolution neural network rectified linear unit activation function pooling feature map