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Reducing energy loss via tuning energy levels of polymer acceptors for efficient all-polymer solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第12期63卷 1785-1792页

作者： Huiliang Sun Bin Liu Jianwei Yu Xianshao Zou Guangye Zhang Yujie Zhang Wei Zhang Mengyao Su Qunping Fan Kun Yang Jianhua Chen He Yan Feng Gao Xugang Guo Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversityLinköping SE-58183Sweden eFlexPV Limited Flat/RM B12/FHang Seng Causeway Bay BLDGCauseway BayHong KongChina Division of Chemical Physics Lund University Box 12422100 LundSweden Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologyGöteborg SE-41296Sweden School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen 518055China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration&Reconstruction The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

The open-circuit voltage(Voc) of all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs) is typically lower than 0.9 V even for the most efficient *** energy loss is the main reason for limiting Voc and efficiency of all-PSCs. Herein, through materials design using electron deficient building blocks based on bithiophene imides, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) energy levels of polymer acceptors can be effectively tuned, which resulted in a reduced energy loss induced by charge generation and recombination loss due to the suppressed charge-transfer(CT) state absorption. Despite a negligible driving force, all-PSC based on the polymer donor and acceptor combination with well-aligned energy levels exhibited efficient charge transfer and achieved an external quantum efficiency over 70% while maintaining a large Voc of 1.02 V, leading to a 9.21% efficiency. Through various spectroscopy approaches, this work sheds light on the mechanism of energy loss in all-PSCs, which paves an avenue to achieving efficient all-PSCs with large Voc and drives the further development of all-PSCs.

关键词： all-polymer solar cells polymer acceptors energy level modulation photovoltage energy loss

Recent Research Progress of n-Type Conjugated polymer acceptors and All-polymer Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2023年第5期41卷 640-651,I0006页

作者： Xiao-Jun Li Guang-Pei Sun Yu-Fei Gong Yong-Fang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

The active layer of all polymer solar cells(all-PSCs)is composed of a blend of a p-type conjugated polymer(p-CP)as donor and an n-type conjugated polymer(n-CP)as ***-PSCs possess the advantages of light weight,thin active layer,mechanical flexibility,low cost solution processing and high stability,but the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the all-PSCs was limited by the poor photovoltaic performance of the n-CP acceptors before *** the report of the strategy of polymerized small molecule acceptors(PSMAs)in 2017,the photovoltaic performance of the PSMA-based n-CPs improved rapidly,benefitted from the development of the A-DA’D-A type small molecule acceptors(SMAs).PCE of the all-PSCs based on the PSMA acceptors reached 17%-18%*** this review article,we will introduce the development history of the n-CPs,especially the recent research progress of the ***,the structure-property relationship of the PSMAs is introduced and ***,current challenges and prospects of the n-CP acceptors are analyzed and discussed.

关键词： n-Type conjugated polymers All-polymer solar cells polymer acceptors polymerized small molecule acceptors

Effects of Flexible Conjugation-Break Spacers of Non-Conjugated polymer acceptors on Photovoltaic and Mechanical Properties of All-polymer Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第10期14卷 164-177页

作者： Qiaonan Chen Yung Hee Han Leandro R.Franco Cleber F.N.Marchiori Zewdneh Genene CMoyses Araujo Jin-Woo Lee Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan Jingnan Wu Donghong Yu Dong Jun Kim Taek-Soo Kim Lintao Hou Bumjoon J.Kim Ergang Wang Siyuan Laboratory Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy MaterialsDepartment of PhysicsJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296GöteborgSweden Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Engineering and Physics Karlstad University65188 KarlstadSweden Department of Chemistry and Bioscience Aalborg University9220 AalborgDenmark Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Materials Theory Division Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala University75120 UppsalaSweden Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research 8000 AarhusDenmark School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People’s Republic of China

All-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs)possess attractive merits including superior thermal stability and mechanical flexibility for large-area roll-to-roll *** flexible conjugation-break spacers(FCBSs)into backbones of polymer donor(P_(D))or polymer acceptor(P_(A))has been demonstrated as an efficient approach to enhance both the photovoltaic(PV)and mechanical properties of the ***,length dependency of FCBS on certain all-PSC related properties has not been systematically *** this regard,we report a series of new non-conjugated P_(A)s by incorporating FCBS with various lengths(2,4,and 8 carbon atoms in thioalkyl segments).Unlike com-mon studies on so-called side-chain engineering,where longer side chains would lead to better solubility of those resulting polymers,in this work,we observe that the solubilities and the resulting photovoltaic/mechanical properties are optimized by a proper FCBS length(i.e.,C2)in P_(A) named *** all-PSC achieves a high efficiency of 11.37%,and excellent mechanical robustness with a crack onset strain of 12.39%,significantly superior to those of the other P_(A)*** results firstly demonstrate the effects of FCBS lengths on the PV performance and mechanical properties of the all-PSCs,providing an effective strategy to fine-tune the structures of P_(A)s for highly efficient and mechanically robust PSCs.

关键词： All-polymer solar cells Flexible conjugation-break spacers Mechanical robustness polymer acceptors Stretchability

polymerizing Ladder-type Heteroheptacene-Cored Small-Molecule acceptors for Efficient All-polymer Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2023年第7期41卷 1018-1026页

作者： Peng Wang Yu-Hang Zhu Hong-Xin Tao Yun-Long Ma Dong-Dong Cai Qi-Sheng Tu Ruo-Chuan Liao Qing-Dong Zheng State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou350002China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry College of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

One important subject in the field of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) is the exploration of electron-deficient building blocks with optimized physicochemical properties to promote the performance of polymer acceptors. Here, two ladder-type heteroheptacene-containing small-molecule acceptors with branched 2-octyldodecyl or 2-hexyldecyl side-chains are synthesized and polymerized with the thiophene co-monomer to afford polymer acceptors (PW-OD and PW-HD) with strong near-infrared absorption. Experimental results reveal that the alkyl chain length has a large impact on the molecular packing behavior of the resulting polymers, which in turn affects their light-absorbing and charge transport properties, and thus the photovoltaic performance of the final devices. When blended with the polymer donor PM6, PW-HD-based all-PSCs deliver a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.12% compared to the PCE of 6.47% for the PW-OD-based all-PSCs, mainly due to its more ordered inter-chain packing and more favorable blend morphology. This work provides a promising building block for the development of high-performance narrow-bandgap polymer acceptors and highlights the importance of side-chain substitution in optimizing the photovoltaic performance of polymer acceptors.

关键词： All-polymer solar cells polymer acceptors Ladder-type heteroheptacene Power conversion efficiency

Regioregular Non-Fused polymerized Small Molecular acceptors Enabling Efficient All-polymer Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第7期41卷 790-796页

作者： Baoqi Wu Youle Li Shizeng Tian Yue Zhang Langheng Pan Kangzhe Liu Mingqun Yang Fei Huang Yong Cao Chunhui Duan Institute of polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong510640 China

Comprehensive Summary The regioregularity induced by the isomers of the end-groups has been widely recognized as a key factor that determines the photovoltaic properties of polymerized small molecular acceptors(PSMAs)in all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs).However,the influence of regioregularity on the photovoltaic properties of non-fused PSMAs has not been explored *** this contribution,two regioregular non-fused PSMAs,PFBTz-T-γand PFBTz-T-δ,were synthesized for the first time by using the monomers with isomeric pure *** with PFBTz-T-δ,PFBTz-T-γhas more compact and more ordered packing in solid state,which results in a more red-shifted optical absorption and a higher electron *** remarkably,PFBTz-T-γand PFBTz-T-δexhibited huge difference in photovoltaic performance in all-PSCs,which offered the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 9.72%and 0.52%,*** studies have unveiled that the higher PCE of PFBTz-T-γis due to more efficient exciton dissociation,higher and more balanced electron/hole mobility,and less charge recombination as a result of favorable morphology of the blend *** work demonstrates that the development of regioregular non-fused PSMAs by tuning the polymerization sites is an effective strategy for obtaining high-efficiency all-PSCs.

关键词： All-polymer solar cells Non-fused framework polymer acceptors Regioregularity Morphology regulation

16.3%Efficiency binary all-polymer solar cells enabled by a novel polymer acceptor with an asymmetrical selenophene-fused backbone

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第2期65卷 309-317页

作者： Huiting Fu Qunping Fan Wei Gao Jiyeon Oh Yuxiang Li Francis Lin Feng Qi Changduk Yang Tobin J.Marks Alex K.-Y.Jen Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringPerovtronics Research CenterLow Dimensional Carbon Materials CenterUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)50 UNIST-gilUlju-gunUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195-2120USA Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA Institute for Advanced Studies City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina

Despite the significant progress made recently in all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs),it is still quite challenging to achieve high open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))and short-circuit current density(J_(sc))simultaneously in order to further improve their *** recent strategy of using selenophene to replace thiophene on the Y6 based polymer acceptors has resulted in significantly improved J_(sc)s of the resulting ***,such modifications have also depressed V_(oc),which compromises the overall performance of the ***,we present the design and synthesis of a novel polymer acceptor,PYT-1S1Se,created by inserting an asymmetrical selenophene-fused framework to precisely manipulate optical absorption and electronic *** with the selenium-free analog,PYT-2S,and symmetrical selenium-fused analog,PYT-2Se,the PYT-1S1Se derived all-PSCs not only deliver optimized J_(sc)(24.1 mA cm^(−2))and V_(oc)(0.926 V)metrics,but also exhibit a relatively low energy loss of 0.502 ***,these devices obtain a record-high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 16.3%in binary *** work demonstrates an effective molecular design strategy for balancing the trade-off between V_(oc) and J_(sc) to achieve highefficiency all-PSCs.

关键词： all-polymer solar cells polymer acceptors asymmetrical selenophene-fused backbone power conversion efficiencies stability

8.30%Efficiency P3HT-based all-polymer solar cells enabled by a miscible polymer acceptor with high energy levels and efficient electron transport

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第1期66卷 216-227页

作者： Ziqi Liang Jiangting He Bin Zhao Mengyuan Gao Yu Chen Long Ye Miaomiao Li Yanhou Geng School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou 350207China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300072China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

P3HT stands out from numerous polymer donors owing to the merits of low cost and high scalability of ***,the photovoltaic performance of P3HT-based blends lags significantly behind the state-of-the-art systems,especially for all-polymer solar cells(APSCs) that generally show efficiency of around 3%–4% due to the lack of matched polymer ***,a polymer acceptor,named IDTBTC8-CN,was designed and synthesized with indacenodithiophene(IDT) and mono-cyano(CN)-substituted benzothiadiazole(BT-CN) as building *** a CN group endowed the polymer with decreased bandgap,and apparent n-type charge transport character despite the relatively high energy ***,IDTBTC8-CN showed largely improved miscibility with P3HT,compared with that of BT-based control polymer *** high miscibility between P3HT and IDTBTC8-CN as well as the amorphous aggregation behavior of IDTBTC8-CN enabled a broad manipulation room for the blend film to acquire favorable ***,a champion efficiency of 8.30% was achieved,in sharp contrast to that of the IDTBTC8-based system(1.21%).Such efficiency is a new record for P3HT-based APSCs reported so ***,P3HT:IDTBTC8-CN blend film also exhibited excellent mechanical *** study implies the guidance of molecular design of the polymer acceptors and morphology control for P3HT-based APSCs.

关键词： all-polymer solar cells poly(3-hexylthiophene) polymer acceptors energy levels film morphology

15%Efficiency All-polymer Solar Cells Based on a polymer Acceptor Containing B←N Unit

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2022年第8期40卷 989-995,I0011页

作者： Ying-Ze Zhang Ning Wang Ying-Hui Wang Jun-Hui Miao Jun Liu Li-Xiang Wang State Key Laboratory of polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

The development of new polymer acceptors strongly paves the power conversion efficiency(PCE)improvement of all polymer solar cells(all-PSCs).Herein,we develop a new polymer acceptor PBN26,which is the alternating copolymer of 2,2′-((2Z,2′Z)-((12,13-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,9-diundecyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-e]thieno[2″,3″:4′,5′]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-g]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indole-2,10-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1 H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile and B←N bridged thienylthiazole(BNTT).The optimized all-PSCs device based on PBN26 exhibits a PCE of 15.09%,which is the highest value of the all-PSCs based on B←N-based polymer acceptors at ***,we also fabricate an all-PSC module with active area of 10 cm2 by blade coating,which exhibits a PCE of 8.78%.These results prove that polymer acceptors containing B←N units are promising for all-PSC device applications.

关键词： Organic photovoltaic All-polymer solar cells polymer acceptors Boron-nitrogen coordination bond

Over 16% efficiency all-polymer solar cells by sequential deposition

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第6期65卷 1157-1163页

作者： Bangbang Li Xuanyu Zhang Ziang Wu Jie Yang Bin Liu Qiaogan Liao Junwei Wang Kui Feng Rui Chen Han Young Woo Fei Ye Li Niu Xugang Guo Huiliang Sun Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)Shenzhen518055China Center for Advanced Analytical Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)Shenzhen518055China Department of Chemistry Korea UniversitySeoul136-713Republic of Korea Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices SUSTechShenzhen518055China

All-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs) have received extensive attention due to their excellent mechanical robustness and performance stability. However, the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of all-PSCs still lags behind those of organic solar cells(OSCs)based on non-fullerene small molecule acceptors. Herein, we report highly efficient all-PSCs via sequential deposition(SD) with donor and acceptor layers coated sequentially to optimize the film microstructure. Compared with the bulk heterojunction(BHJ)all-PSCs, an optimized morphology with vertical component distribution was achieved for the SD-processed all-PSCs due to the synergistic effect of swelling of polymer films and using additive. Such strategy involves using chlorobenzene as the first layer processing-solvent for polymer donor, chloroform as the second processing-solvent for polymer acceptor with trace 1-chloronaphthalene, efficiently promoting exciton dissociation and charge extraction and reducing trap-assisted ***, over 16% all-PSCs fabricated via SD method was realized for the first time, which is much higher than that(15.2%) of its BHJ counterpart and also among the highest PCEs in all-PSCs. We have further demonstrated the generality of this approach in various all-polymer systems. This work indicates that the SD method can yield excellent all-PSCs and provides a facile approach to fabricating high-performance all-PSCs.

关键词： all-polymer solar cells polymer acceptors planar heterojunction sequential deposition

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