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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3615-3621页

作者： Geonhee Kim Won Hyuk Lee Seokin Kang Jung Rock Moon Yoon Suk Lee Jun Hyuk Son Nam-Hoon Kim Jong Wook Kim Department of Internal Medicine Ilsan Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineGoyang 10380South Korea

BACKGROUND Effective bowel cleansing is essential for a successful ***,such as polyethylene glycol,are commonly used for bowel *** is a frequent complication during bowel preparation,and forceful vomiting can potentially lead to esophageal perforation,as reported in several previous ***,pharyngeal perforation during bowel preparation has not been previously ***,we present a case of pharyngeal perforation induced by forceful vomiting during bowel *** SUMMARY A 38-year-old man with a history of hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes mellitus,and end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis was admitted for evaluation of recurrent abdominal *** patient complained of sudden pain in the neck,throat,and anterior chest following forceful vomiting during bowel *** examination revealed crepitus under the skin of the neck and anterior chest on palpation,and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed pharyngeal *** perforation site was located above the upper esophageal sphincter,which distinguished it from Boerhaave’s *** medical management was chosen after consultation with a thoracic surgeon and an otolaryngologist,considering the patient's mild symptoms,stable vital signs,and the small size of the lesion;the perforation resolved without endoscopic or surgical *** patient was discharged from hospital two weeks after the *** Despite its rarity,pharyngeal perforation should be considered a potential complication of bowel preparation for colonoscopy.

关键词： Colonoscopy Pharynx polyethylene glycols Spontaneous perforation Case report

Preparation and MRI performances of core-shell structural PEG salicylic acid-gadolinium composite nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第7期40卷 1098-1105页

作者： Jia Zhang Zhiyan Lin Minzhi Zhao Weibing Xu Fang Nian College of Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730000China Clinical Medical College Gansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhou 730000China

Gadolinium(Ⅲ)-based T_(1) contrast agents have been widely used in clinical *** this study,salicylic acid-gadolinium chelate was prepared via directly coordination reaction of gadolinium ion and salicylic ***,three polyethylene glycols with different molecular weight were modified on the surface of salicylic acid-gadolinium by simple chemical coupling to construct three core-shell structural Gd based *** scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)characterization results show that the composite is a spherical particle with a diameter of about 100-200 *** longitudinal relaxation rate r_(1) of the Gal-PEG-2000 is 11.097(mmol/L)^(-1)/s,and the ratio of r_(2)/r_(1) is as low as *** composite shows good liver and intestines MRI performances after being used in in vivo imaging,showing a good prospect of biological application.

关键词： Gadolinium Salicylic acid polyethylene glycols Core-shell structural MRI contrast agent Rare earths

Structure and photoluminescence properties of fishbone-like PbMoO_4 nanostructures obtained via the surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method

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Chinese Optics Letters 2012年第11期10卷 65-68页

作者：贾润萍郑康生 School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology

Fishbone-like PbMoO4 nanostructures are successfully obtained via the surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method at 160 ℃. polyethylene glycol （PEG2000） is used as the template agent. The nanostructures are characterized via X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible light （UV-Vis） spectroscopy, and photoluminescence （PL） measurements. The PbMoO4 morphology is highly associated with the molecular nature of PEG2000. PbMoO4 nanoparticles obtained from PEG2000 have a fishbone-shaped, scheelite-type tetragonal structure, in which numerous secondary branches vertically grow on both sides of the main stem. The structures exhibit broad PL emission bands with the maximum at 306 and 390 nm when excited at 250 nm. In addition, the UV-Vis absorption edge of the structures is in the 280 to 310 nm region, and the band gap is 4.07 eV. A plausible formation mechanism for the fishbone-like PbMoO4 nanostructures is also discussed.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Photoluminescence polyethylene glycols Surface active agents Tungstate minerals X ray diffraction

Effect of MePEG molecular weight and particle size on in vitro release of tumor necrosis factor-α-loaded nanoparticles

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2005年第2期26卷 242-249页

作者： Chao FANG,Bin SHI,Yuan-ying PEI~2 Department of Pharmaceutics,School of Pharmacy,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy Fudan University Shanghai China

Aim:To study the in vitro release of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha(rHuTNF-α)encapsulated in poly(methoxypolyethyleneglycol cyanoacry-late-co-n-hexadecyl cyanoacrylate)(PEG-PHDCA)nanoparticles,and investigatethe influence of methoxypolyethyleneglycol(MePEG)molecular weight and par-ticle ***:Three sizes(approximately 80,170,and 240 nm)of PEG-PHDCA nanoparticles loading rHuTNF-α were prepared at different MePEG mo-lecular weights(Mr=2000,5000,and 10000)using the double emulsion *** in vitro rHuTNF-α release was studied in PBS and rat ***:Ahigher burst-release and cumulative-release rate were observed for nanoparticleswith higher MePEG molecular weight or smaller particle size.A decreased cu-mulative release of rHuTNF-α following the initial burst effect was found in PBS,while the particle sizes remained constant and MePEG *** contrast,inrat plasma,slowly increased cumulative-release profiles were obtained after theburst *** a 5-h incubation in rat plasma,more than 50% of the PEG-PHDCA nanoparticles ***:The MePEG molecular weightand particle size had an obvious influence on rHuTNF-α release,rHuTNF-αreleased from PEG-PHDCA nanoparticles in a diffusion-based pattern in PBS,but in a diffusion and erosion-controlled manner in rat plasma.

关键词： tumor necrosis factor-alpha stealth nanoparticles polyethylene glycols poly(methoxypolyethyleneglycol cyanoacrylate-con-hexadecyl cyanoacrylate)

SEN virus does not affect treatment response in hepatitis C virus coinfected patients but SEN virus response depends on SEN virus DNA concentration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第13期10卷 1893-1897页

作者： Abdurrahman Sagin Ortwin Adams OliverKirschberg AndreasErhardt TobiasHeintges Dieter Hussinger Klinik fr Gastroenterologie Hepatologie und InfektiologieUniversittsklinikum DsseldorfMoorenstr 540225 DsseldorfGermany Institut fr Virologie der Heinrich-Heine-Universitt Dsseldorf Moorenstr 540225 DsseldorfGermany

AIM: To clarify the effect of SEN virus (SENV) infection on a combination therapy including interferon alfa (IFN-α) or pegylated-IFN with ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis and the effect of a combination therapy on ***: SENV DNA was determined by polymerase chain reaction in serum samples from 95 patients with chronic hepatitis C. Quantitative analysis was done for SENV H ***: Twenty-one (22%) of 95 patients were positive for SENV DNA. There was no difference in clinical and biochemical parameters between patients with HCV infection alone and coinfected patients. The sustained response rate for HCV clearance after combination therapy did not differ between patients with SENV (52%) and without SENV(50%, n.s.). SENV DNA was undetectable in 76% of the initially SENV positive patients at the end of follow-up. SENV H response to combination therapy was significantly correlated with SENV DNA level (P=-0.05).CONCLUSION: SENV infection had no influence on the HCV sustained response rate to the combination *** rate of SENV to the combination therapy depends on SENV DNA level.

关键词： Adult Antiviral Agents DNA Virus Infections DNA Viruses purification DNA, Viral Drug Therapy, Combination Female Hepacivirus Hepatitis C, Chronic Humans Interferon Alfa-2a Interferon-alpha Male Middle Aged polyethylene glycols Prevalence RNA, Viral Ribavirin

polyethylene glycol 35 ameliorates pancreatic inflammatory response in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第39期26卷 5970-5982页

作者： Ana Ferrero-Andrés Arnau Panisello-Roselló Joan Roselló-Catafau Emma Folch-Puy Experimental Pathology Department Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicasBarcelona 08036CataloniaSpain Experimental Pathology Department Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones científicasCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y DigestivasInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona 08036CataloniaSpain

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a sudden inflammatory process of the pancreas that may also involve surrounding tissues and/or remote *** and parenchymal cell death are common pathological features of this condition and determinants of disease *** glycols(PEGs)are nonimmunogenic,non-toxic water-soluble polymers widely used in biological,chemical,clinical and pharmaceutical *** To evaluate the protective effect of a 35-kDa molecular weight PEG(PEG35)on the pancreatic damage associated to cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in vivo and in *** Wistar rats were assigned at random to a control group,a cerulein–induced AP group and a PEG35 treatment *** was induced by five hourly intraperitoneal injections of cerulein(50μg/kg/bw),while the control animals received saline ***35 was administered intraperitoneally 10 minutes before each cerulein injection in a dose of 10 mg/*** AP induction,samples of pancreatic tissue and blood were collected for ***42J pancreatic acinar cells were treated with increasing concentrations of PEG35 prior to exposure with tumor necrosis factorα(TNFα),staurosporine or *** severity of AP was determined on the basis of plasma levels of lipase,lactate dehydrogenase activity,pancreatic edema and histological *** evaluate the extent of the inflammatory response,the gene expression of inflammation-associated markers was determined in the pancreas and in AR42J-treated ***-induced cell death was also measured in models of in vivo and in vitro pancreatic *** Administration of PEG35 significantly improved pancreatic damage through reduction on lipase levels and tissue edema in cerulein-induced AP *** increased associated inflammatory response caused by cerulein administration was attenuated by a decrease in the gene expression of inflammation-related cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme in the *** contr

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Inflammation polyethylene glycols Cytokines AR42J cells Cell death

Performance of Methanol-to-Olefins Catalytic Reactions by the Addition of PEG in the Synthesis of SAPO-34

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2017年第6期23卷 501-510页

作者： Yaquan Wang Zhao Wang Chao Sun Hengbao Chen Hongyao Li Haoyang Li Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

SAPO-34, a silicoaluminophosphate zeolite, has been synthesized by the hydrothermal method with the addition of different molecular weights of polyethylene glycol (PEG), and has been characterized with XRD, SEM, N2adsorption–desorption, FT-IR, and NH3temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD). We studied SAPO-34 as a catalyst in the methanol-to-olefins (MTO) reaction, in a fixed-bed reactor. The results show that the chain length of PEG has a great influence on the particle size and morphology of SAPO-34. PEG acts as inhibitor in the crystallization process. With the increase of the chain length of PEG used in the synthesis, from a relative molecular weight of 400–6000, the morphology of SAPO-34 changes gradually from cubic to nanoplate-like and then changes to cubic again. The particle size decreases markedly at first and then increases to some extent. The catalytic stability in the MTO reaction also increases first and then decreases, with all the catalysts having almost the same selectivity to olefins. When the sample is synthesized with PEG800, the particles become nanoplate-like with a thickness of 46 nm on average, and the catalytic stability is appreciably prolonged, which is attributed to the shorter diffusion paths of the reactants in the zeolite. © 2017 The Author(s)

关键词： Catalysis Catalyst selectivity Catalysts Chain length Chains Desorption Methanol Molecular weight Nanostructures Olefins Particle size polyethylene glycols polyethylenes Zeolites

What is the best strategy for successful bowel preparation under special conditions?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2741-2745页

作者： Yun Jeong Lim Su Jin Hong Department of Internal Medicine College of MedicineDongguk UniversityGyeonggi-Do 410-773South Korea Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute Department of Internal MedicineSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheonGyeonggi-Do 420-767South Korea

Adequate bowel preparation is important for successful colonoscopic examination. Several effective colonic cleansing agents are available and routinely prescribed, but each carries its own limitations and benefits from particular dosing regimens. The most frequently prescribed colonic cleansing agent, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) cathartic solution, suffers from low patient compliance in general, due to its unpalatable taste and smell coupled with the large ingested volumes required. However, PEG is preferred over other cathartics for use in individuals of advanced age, sufferers of chronic kidney disease, heart failure and inflammatory bowel disease, and women who are pregnant or lactating. The laxative agents sodium phosphate (NaP) and sodium picosulfate plus magnesium citrate have been applied and have improved patient compliance and tolerance. NaP, however, should be avoided in individuals with impaired renal function or plasma clearance, such as those with chronic kidney disease, who are taking drugs that affect renal function, or who suffer from heart failure. Other special conditions that may affect an individual’s tolerance of the cathartic agent or ability to complete the administration routine include stroke, severe constipation, hematochezia, suspicious lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and mental disorders such as dementia. All ingestible bowel preparation solutions can be instilled into the stomach and duodenum through nasogastric tube or esophagogastroduodenoscope with the aid of a water irrigation pump for patients with difficulties swallowing or ingesting the large volumes of fluid required. In addition, dietary regimens based on clear liquids and low-residue foods for 1-4 d prior to the colonoscopy may be supplemental bowel preparation strategies. Achieving an effective and safe cleansing of the bowel is important for successful colonoscopy in all patients, so full knowledge of the individual’s condition and capabilities is necessary

关键词： Colonoscopy Preparation polyethylene glycols Special conditions Cathartic agent

Efficacy of polyethylene glycol 4000 on constipation of posttraumatic bedridden patients

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2010年第3期13卷 182-187页

作者：张连阳姚元章王韬费军沈岳陈永华宗兆文 State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burns and Combined Injury Trauma Center of PLA Institute of Surgery Research Daping Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042 China

Objective：To investigate the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol 4000 （Forlax（R）） on adult patients with functional constipation due to posttraumatic confinement to ***： A total of 201 posttraumatic bedridden patients were studied in this prospective,open-labeled, singlegroup study. polyethylene glycol 4000 was administered orally for 14 days and the dosage was adjusted according to the Bristol stool types. Demographic characteristics, disease status, treatment period and factors affecting clinical outcome, especially the concomitant medications, were ***：After administration of polyethylene glycol 4000, 194 cases （96.52%） showed remission of constipation,including 153 （76.12%）persistent remission. The average defecation frequency increased significantly after treatment and the percentage of patients with stools of normal types （Bristol types 3-5） increased as well. Genders, ages and concomitant medications showed no significant influence on the persistent remission rate. After consecutive treatment for two weeks, patients with slight movement showed a significantly higher remission rate than those without movement （95% vs 80%）. At the end of treatment, most accompanying symptoms were relieved obviously. Patients with a medical history of constipation or ever taking laxatives showed a lower remission rate. Sixty cases （29.85%） developed diarrhea during the observational period, among whom 6 （10%） withdrew from the clinical observation voluntarily at the first onset of diarrhea. Two cases suffered from abdominal ***：polyethylene glycol 4000 （Forlax（R）） has efficacy on functional constipation in posttraumatic bedridden patients. Furthermore, patients with milder symptoms,more movement in bed, and longer duration of treatment but without accompanying symptoms can achieve a higher remission rate.

关键词： polyethylene glycols Wounds and injuries Bed rest Constipation Therapeutics