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Design and Development of Composite plywood that Integrates Fire Resistance,Water Resistance and Wear Resistance

Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第5期11卷 2333-2344页

作者： Xingyu Liang Xiaoyu Gu Myint Myint Paing Hsu Yuhang He Rongzhuo Zhang Conghui Cai Zheng Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China College of Civil Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Jiangsu Shancong Wood Co. Ltd.Lianyungang222505China

In order to improve the fire resistance,water resistance and wear resistance of ordinary plywood products in the wood processing industry,three composite structures of plywood products S1,S2 and S3 were designed in this paper,and a reasonable production process was *** the physical and mechanical properties and fire resistance testing and technical and economic analysis,the applicability of composite plywood was *** results of the study showed that the physical mechanics of the three kinds of composite structure plywood met the standard requirements,and their fire resistance was far better than that of ordinary *** them,the S1 structural board had the best overall physical and mechanical *** S3 structural board showed the best fire resistance,which was about 1.9 times more than that of ordinary plywood,and the added cost was the *** thin cork board added to the S2 structural board had poor fire performance since the air in the cork board cavities had a certain combustion-supporting effect,which inhibited the fire resistance of high-pressure laminate(HPL)***,the additional cost of the S2 board was the highest,and its comprehensive performance was the *** S3 structural plywood product composed of HPL fireproof board with a thickness of about 1 mm in the surface layer and ordinary plywood with a thickness of about 12 mm in the core layer was the most cost-effective product,which could meet the needs of various fields such as construction,home furnishing,decoration and transportation.

关键词： Wear resistance plywood structural design and development physical and mechanical properties fire resistance

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Study of Burning Behaviors and Fire Risk of Flame Retardant plywood by Cone Calorimeter and TG Test

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第12期9卷 2143-2157页

作者： Liping Yu Zhongyou Luo Lifen Li Xuedong Xi Zhigang Wu Bengang Zhang College of Forestry Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming650224China ENSTIB-LERMAB University of LorraineEpinal88051France IUT-LERMAB University of LorraineEpinal88000France

A flame retardant composition was prepared by using phosphoguanidine,guanidine sulfamate,disodium octaborate tetrahydrate and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium *** were immersed in such flame retardant mixture to prepare *** combustion characteristics and thermal stability of plywood were assessed using a cone calorimeter and *** showed that:(1)High concentration and loading of flame retardant were beneficial for the fire resistance of the plywood.(2)The limiting oxygen index(LOI)and residual mass of plywood processed using the flame retardant was increased by 87.52%and 58.66%compared to those of the untreated plywood,while the average heat release rate(av-HRR),total heat release(THR),effective heat of combustion(EHC),total smoke release(TSR),CO yield(COY),CO_(2) yield(CO_(2)Y)and oxygen consumption were decreased by 44.3%,82.9%,47.0%,86.0%,89.9%,50.1%and 83.1%,respectively.(3)Treated plywood which had a low fire growth index(FGI)displayed a later combustion heat release rate peak and slower flame spread than observed for the untreated *** of treated plywood displayed a higher fire performance index(FPI),indicating a longer time to *** suggests that burning structures from this material would be subject to a longer time for escape from the structure and would present lower fire risk than similar structures containing treated plywood.(4)TG results demonstrated that the presence of the flame retardant can decrease the pyrolysis temperature for hemicellulose and cellulose,change the decomposition and reaction progress for plywood degradation and promote dehydration carbonization and accelerated ***,the formed char was more stable than that combustion of untreated plywood.(5)The flame retardant contains nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),boron(B),chlorine(Cl)and guanidine(Gu)*** adhesive also contains N and P *** substances display flame resistance and supplement each other to generate

关键词： Flame retardant plywood cone calorimeter burning behaviors fire risk

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Curing Process of Phenol Formaldehyde Resin for plywood under Vacuum Conditions

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第9期11卷 3447-3461页

作者： Guobing Xiong Lu Hong Zehui Ju Xiaoning Lu Juwan Jin College of Furnishings and Industrial Design Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China School of Forestry&Landscape Architecture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei230036China College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China

The study characterized the curing behaviors of phenol formaldehyde(PF)resin under different vacuum degrees and explored the properties of 9-ply plywood panels hot-pressed under both vacuum and atmospheric *** changes in core temperature and moisture content of the plywood mats during hot pressing were investigated as *** was found that the gel times and gel temperatures of PF resin decreased with the increase of vacuum degree using a self-made *** spectra indicated the degree of polycondensation of hydroxymethyl gradu-ally increased with the increase in *** was also observed that a higher degree of vacuum led to a slower polycondensation reaction rate of PF *** different hot-pressing processes,the bonding strengths in the innermost and uppermost gluelines of the vacuum hot-pressed plywood panels were up to 30%–50%higher than their counterparts of conventional hot-pressed products.A less difference in the bonding strengths between these two gluelines was also observed for vacuum hot-pressed *** addition,the core of vacuum hot-pressed plywood was found to have a greater heating rate and higher temperature at thefinal stage of hot pressing,which was beneficial to cure the PF *** results from this study indicate a promising potential of introducing a vacuum during hot pressing to improve the quality and productivity of plywood products and provide a basis for adopting vacuum to hot press wood composites.

关键词： Phenol formaldehyde resin vacuum gel time FTIR plywood bonding strength

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Influence of Formulation and Hot-Pressing Conditions on the Performance of Bio-Based Molasses Adhesive for plywood

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第8期12卷 1383-1397页

作者： Jajang Sutiawan Alifah Syahfitri Sukma Surya Kusumah Dede Hermawan Rita Kartika Sari Luthfi Hakim Efri Mardawati Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts National Research and Innovation AgencyCibinong16911Indonesia Forest Product Department Faculty of Forestry and EnvironmentIPB UniversityBogor16680Indonesia Department of Forest Products Faculty of ForestryUniversitas Sumatera UtaraMedan20155Indonesia Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery BRIN and Universitas PadjadjaranBandung40600Indonesia Department of Agro-Industrial Technology Universitas PadjadjaranBandung40600Indonesia

Molasses can serve as a natural adhesive for plywood and ***,several disadvantages remain,including lower dimensional stability and low bonding strength compared to other ***,modifications are needed to use molasses as an adhesive for *** research aims to improve bio-based molasses(MO)adhesive for plywood using citric acid(CA)*** addition,this research aims to analyze the effect of adding citric acid and to investigate the optimum hot-pressing temperature to produce the best quality *** the first stage,the molasses and citric acid were combined in a ratio of 100:0,75:25,50:50,25:75,0:100 w/w%.Then,the second stage focuses on analyzing the influences of pressing temperature based on an optimum first *** research demonstrated that the addition of CA altered the gelation time,solid content,viscosity,and pH of the molasses *** addition,the thermal properties of molasses adhesives were changed after mixing with citric *** phenomena indicate changes in characteristics,such as the curing of ***,the characteristics of plywood showed a steady improvement as the CA ratio increased but revealed a significant decline for the 25:75 MO-CA *** raising the pressing temperature from 180℃ to 200℃,the quality of plywood was effectively *** plywood that was bonded using adhesives with a 50:50 MO-CA ratio exhibited superior mechanical properties and improved dimensional stability compared to the plywood bonded solely with ***,the optimal mechanical and physical properties resulted in plywood bonded with a 50:50 MO-CA ratio when subjected to a pressing temperature of 200℃.The Thermal and FTIR measurements revealed that CA established ester bonds with both the MO and wood *** conclusion,the mechanical characteristics of plywood were improved,while maintaining its excellent dimensional stability.

关键词： Citric acid composite molasses pressing temperature plywood

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LARIX GMELINI TANNIN-BASED ADHESIVE FOR plywood

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Journal of Northeast Forestry University 1994年第3期5卷 65-68页

作者：卢跃斌史强陈俊高振中 1. Northeast Forestry University China 2. Xinlin Forest Bureau Heilongjiang Province 3. Notheast Foresty University China

Larix tannin-phenol-formaldehyde (TPF) adhesive, having 60% by weight of phenol bcing replaced, was evaluated for its utilization in plywood. The kinetic characteristic of the TPF resin was investigated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the results obtained from the DSC scans show that the resin has a little bit different thermochemical behavior from that of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin. Two kinds of plywood panels wcre produced using the TPF adhesive in laboratory. The desired test results met the Chinese GB 9846-88 and ZB B70006-88, respectively, and the long assembly time of TPF resin in preparing plywood can be improved by mixing with the *** the properties of plywoods bonded with the TPF adhesive were compared with those obtaincd with synthetic PF adhesive.

关键词： Larix gmelini Tannin-phenol-formaldehyde Phenol-formaldehyde Differential scanning calorimetry plywood

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Reinforcement of Lignin-Based Phenol-Formaldehyde Adhesive with Nano-Crystalline Cellulose (NCC): Curing Behavior and Bonding Property of plywood

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2015年第6期6卷 567-575页

作者： Zhenbo Liu Yaolin Zhang Xiangming Wang Denis Rodrigue Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education) & Northeast Forestry University Harbin China FPInnovations-Wood Products Quebec Canada Department of Chemical Engineering Laval University Quebec Canada

The curing behavior of lignin-based phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin with different contents of nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different heating rates (5, 10 and 20°C/min) and the bonding property was evaluated by the wet shear strength and wood failure of two-ply plywood panels after soaking in water (48 hours at room temperature and followed by 1-hour boiling). The test results indicated that the NCC content had little influence on the peak temperature, activation energy and the total heat of reaction of LPF resin at 5 and 10°C/min. But at 20°C/min, LPF0.00% (LPF resin without NCC) showed the highest total heat of reaction, while LPF0.25% (LPF resin containing 0.25% NCC content) and LPF0.50% (LPF resin containing 0.50% NCC content) gave the lowest value. The wet shear strength was affected by the NCC content to a certain extent. With regard to the results of one-way analysis of variance, the bonding quality could be improved by NCC and the optimum NCC content ranged from 0.25% to 0.50%. The wood failure was also affected by the NCC content, but the trend with respect to NCC content was not clear.

关键词： Lignin-Based Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin (LPF) Nano-Crystalline Cellulose (NCC) Curing Behavior Bonding Properties plywood

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No-formaldehyde Wood-plastic Composite plywood in China

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2007年第1期6卷 9-13页

作者： CHANG Liang WANG Zheng GAO Li GUO Wenjing Research Institute of Wood Industry Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091. P.R. China

As a new product invented by the Research Institute of Wood Industry, no-formaldehyde wood-plastic composite plywood is the harvest of the cross-study on wood-plastic composite and plywood industry, It has no formaldehyde emission, with an excellent environment-friendly performance and a good bonding quafity. This paper analyses the strongpoints and market of this wood-plastic composite plywood.

关键词： no-formaldehyde plywood wood-plastic composite review environmental protection bonding quality product strongpoint

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Effect of moisture and fungal exposure on the mechanical properties of hem-fir plywood

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Journal of Forestry Research 2005年第4期16卷 299-300页

作者： WANG Wei-hong Scott Kent Camille Freitag Rorbert J. leichti Jeffrey J. Morrell Key Lab. of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China Department of Wood Science and Engineering Oregon State University USA

Hem-fir plywood were exposed to two brown rot fungi, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Postia placenta, and one white rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, to investigate the effect of fungal decay on mechanical properties of plywood. Results showed that modulus of rupture （MOR） and modulus of elasticity （MOE） of hem-fir plywood declined significantly by inoculating fungi, and weight loss of sample had a modest decrease. The fungi also made a greater effect on MOR than on MOE. Of three fungi, Postia placenta caused a most significant weight loss, and Gloeophyllum trabeum resulted in a largest flexural properties loss. Substantial declines in MOR and MOE of hem-fir plywood were also observed when the plywood samples were stored under wet conditions over 15 weeks, even in the absence of fungal attack.

关键词： Fungus decay Weight loss Flexural properties Moist condition plywood MOR, MOE

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小空间的大功能——plywood公寓

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中国建筑装饰装修 2017年第6期 54-57页

这是一款为年轻夫妇设计的公寓。地点在乌克兰的敖德萨。设计者把复杂的问题放在一个小空间里,要求在这一个小空间内建立若干功能区。遵循简约主义理念和原则,M3设计了一套两室的小公寓,它集时尚、实用、明亮于一个生活空间内。

关键词： plywood

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Synthesis of Lignin-Based Polyacid in an Acidic Ionic Liquid: A Green Method to Improve the Performance of Lignin as Catalyst in Urea-Formaldehyde Resin

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第2期10卷 237-246页

作者： Hamed Younesi-Kordkheili Antonio Pizzi Department of Wood and Paper Sciences Faculty of Natural ResourcesSemnan UniversitySemnanIran LERMAB University of LorraineEpinalFrance

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of ionic liquid treated lignin-based polyacid as a catalyst for urea-formaldehyde(UF)*** of lignin was carried out,without any catalyst,with anhydride maleic and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate[Bmim][HSO 4]as acidic ionic liquid to form maleated lignin-based polyacids(MA-IL).The performance of MA-IL as UF resin catalyst was respectively compared to hyroxymethylated lignin-based polyacid(MA-HL)and to NH 4 *** FTIR analysis indicated that the propor-tion of-COOH and C-O bonds increased due to the esterification of lignin with ionic liquid rather than its *** tests indicated that the gelation time of the UF resin was shorter by adding MA-IL when compared to NH 4 Cl and MA-HL,*** analysis showed that the addition of MA-IL significantly decreased the temperature peak(Tp)of the UF resin;as the Tp of the UF resin with 2 wt%MA-IL was lower than with MA-HL and NH 4 Cl,*** panel test results of plywood bonded with a UF resin with a MA-IL level increasing from 1%to 3%,effectively improved the mechanical strength,water resistance and formaldehyde emission even higher than with MA-HL and NH 4 Cl,respectively.

关键词： Lignin-based polyacid maleic anhydride ionic liquid esterification plywood

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