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plate tectonics in the Archean:Observations versus interpretations

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 1-30页

作者： YongFei ZHENG School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China Center of Excellence for Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China

plate tectonics theory,established in the 1960s,has been successful in explaining many geological phenomena,processes and events that occurred in the ***,the theory has often struggled to provide a coherent framework in interpreting geological records in continental interior and Precambrian *** dealing with the relationship between plate tectonics and continental geology,continental interior tectonics was often separated from continental margin tectonics in the inheritance and development of their structure and *** separation led to the illusion that the plate tectonics theory is not applicable to Precambrian geology,particularly in explaining the fundamental geological characteristics of Archean *** this illusion does not mean that the Archean continental crust did not originate from a regime of plate tectonics,it led to the development of alternative tectonic models,often involving vertical movements under a regime of stagnant lid tectonics,including not only endogenous processes such as gravitational sagduction,mantle plumes and heat pipes but also exogenous processes such as bolide *** vertical processes were not unique to the Archean but persisted into the *** result from mantle poloidal convection at different depths,not specific to any particular *** the plate tectonics theory from the traditional kinematic model in the 20th century to a holistic kinematic-dynamic model in the 21st century and systematically examining the vertical transport of matter and energy at plate margins,it is evident that plate tectonics can explain the common geological characteristics of Archean cratons,such as lithological associations,structural patterns and metamorphic *** deciphering the structure and composition of convergent plate margins as well as their dynamics,the formation and evolution of continental crust since the Archean can be divided into ancient plate tectonics in the Preca

关键词： plate tectonics Archean geology Continental origin Crustal reworking plate interior plate margin

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plate tectonics:The Stabilizer of Earth’s Habitability

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第6期34卷 1645-1662页

作者： Zhensheng Wang Junfeng Zhang Keqing Zong Timothy M.Kusky Yanxin Wang State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

Earth is the only planet known to be habitable,and is also unique with its liquid water,and the operation of plate *** geological record shows that the habitability of our planet can rapidly recover from major disasters or catastrophes,even those that cause mass *** suggest that plate tectonics,which acts as a link between the shallow and deep,is pivotal for the formation,evolution,and long-term stability of the hydrosphere,atmosphere,lithosphere,and thus *** tectonics links the surface environment with the deep interior of high viscosity,low Reynolds number,low entropy,and low chaos,able to produce a strong healing effect to neutralize catastrophic *** can transfer the bio-essential elements from the deep interior to the near-surface environment and can recycle toxic elements to the *** unique planetary energy and material transfer process of Earth is a continuous,slow-release,and bidirectional cycle,where a change in the surface is slowly buffered by a reaction from the deep,shaping a long-term and stable habitable ***,it is considered that plate tectonics is the basic condition for the long-term stable evolution of the Earth’s biosphere and the stabilizer of the Earth’s habitability.

关键词： Earth's habitability plate tectonics hydrosphere atmosphere continents

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The progressive onset and evolution of Precambrian subduction and plate tectonics

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第12期63卷 2068-2086页

作者： Xiaolei Wang Fulai Liu Junyong Li Di Wang State Key laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing100037China

The regime of plate tectonics on early Earth is one of the fundamental problems in Earth *** era takes the majority(ca.88%)of Earth’s history and thus plays a key role in understanding the onset of plate tectonics and the mechanism,distribution and process of Precambrian subduction *** paper presents a review on the progresses of subduction and subduction zones in different stages of Precambrian era,and sorts out some key issues and fields that merits further *** suggest that there was progressive onset and evolution of subduction and plate tectonics from Archean to Proterozoic *** emphasize the importance of comprehensive studies on subduction mechanism,metamorphic type,plate tectonics regime,the compositional evolution of continental crust,and petrogenesis of diverse granitoids formed in the *** is proposed that innovative analytical techniques,big data,experimental petrology and numerical geodynamic modeling will facilitate future studies of Precambrian subduction zones.

关键词： Precambrian Subduction plate tectonics Continent formation Progressive evolu

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Nanorocks, volatiles and plate tectonics

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 202-214页

作者： Gautier Nicoli Silvio Ferrero Institut für Geowissenschaften Universität Potsdam14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Museum für Naturkunde(MfN) Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions-und Biodiversitätsforschung10115 BerlinGermany

The global geological volatile cycle(H,C,N)plays an important role in the long term self-regulation of the Earth ***,the complex interaction between its deep,solid Earth components(*** and mantle),Earth’s fluid envelopes(*** and hydrosphere)and plate tectonic processes is a subject of ongoing *** this study we want to draw attention to how the presence of primary melt(MI)and fluid(FI)inclusions in high-grade metamorphic minerals could help constrain the crustal component of the volatile *** that end,we review the distribution of MI and FI throughout Earth’s history,from ca.3.0 Ga ago up to the present *** argue that the lower crust might constitute an important,longterm,volatile storage unit,capable to influence the composition of the surface envelopes through the mean of weathering,crustal thickening,partial melting and crustal assimilation during volcanic *** with thermodynamic modelling,our compilation indicates that periods of well-established plate tectonic regimes atplate tectonics and Earth’s external processes.

关键词： Nanorocks plate tectonics Volatiles Lower crust

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Reviewing subduction initiation and the origin of plate tectonics:What do we learn from present-day Earth?

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第2期5卷 123-140页

作者： Gang Lu Liang Zhao Ling Chen Bo Wan FuYuan Wu State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The theory of plate tectonics came together in the 1960s,achieving wide acceptance after *** then it has been the most successful framework for investigations of Earth’s *** of the oceanic lithosphere,as the engine that drives plate tectonics,has played a key role in the ***,one of the biggest unanswered questions in Earth science is how the first subduction was initiated,and hence how plate tectonics *** main challenge is how the strong lithosphere could break and bend if plate tectonics-related weakness and slab-pull force were both *** this work we review state-of-the-art subduction initiation(SI)models with a focus on their prerequisites and related driving *** note that the plume-lithosphere-interaction and mantleconvection models do not rely on the operation of existing plate tectonics and thus may be capable of explaining the first *** of plate-driving mechanisms reveals that mantle drag may be the missing driving force for surface plates,capable of triggering initiation of the first *** propose a composite driving mechanism,suggesting that plate tectonics may be driven by both subducting slabs and convection currents in the *** also discuss and try to answer the following question:Why has plate tectonics been observed only on Earth?

关键词： subduction initiation plate tectonics mantle convection driving force mantle drag

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Proto-South China Sea plate tectonics Using Subducted Slab Constraints from Tomography

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第6期29卷 1304-1318页

作者： Jonny Wu John Suppe Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Houston

The past size and location of the hypothesized proto-South China Sea vanished ocean basin has important plate-tectonic implications for Southeast Asia since the Mesozoic. Here we present new details on proto-South China Sea paleogeography using mapped and unfolded slabs from tomography. Mapped slabs included： the Eurasia-South China Sea slab subducting at the Manila trench; the northern Philippine Sea plate slab subducting at the Ryukyu trench; and, a swath of detached, subhorizontal, slab-like tomographic anomalies directly under the South China Sea at 450 to 700 km depths that we show is subducted ‘northern proto-South China Sea’ lithosphere. Slab unfolding revealed that the South China Sea lay directly above the ‘northern Proto-South China Sea’ with both extending 400 to 500 km to the east of the present Manila trench prior to subduction. Our slab-based plate reconstruction indicated the proto-South China Sea was consumed by double-sided subduction, as follows：（1） The ‘northern proto-South China Sea’ subducted in the Oligo–Miocene under the Dangerous Grounds and southward expanding South China Sea by in-place ‘self subduction’ similar to the western Mediterranean basins;（2） limited southward subduction of the proto-South China Sea under Borneo occurred pre-Oligocene, represented by the 800–900 km deep ‘southern proto-South China Sea’ slab.

关键词： seismic tomography plate tectonics South China Sea proto-South China Sea subducted slabs Borneo Oligocene–Miocene

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Is plate tectonics needed to evolve technological species on exoplanets?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第4期7卷 573-580页

作者： Robert J.Stern Geoscience Department University of Texas at Dallas

As we continue searching for exoplanets, we wonder if life and technological species capable of communicating with us exists on any of them. As geoscientists, we can also wonder how important is the presence or absence of plate tectonics for the evolution of technological species. This essay considers this question, focusing on tectonically active roclw （silicate） planets, like Earth, Venus, and Mars. The development of technological species on Earth provides key insights for understanding evolution on exoplanets, including the likely role that plate tectonics may play. An Earth-sized silicate planet is likely to experience several tectonic styles over its lifetime, as it cools and its lithosphere thickens, strengthens, and becomes denser. These include magma ocean, various styles of stagnant lid, and perhaps plate tectonics. Abundant liquid water favors both life and plate tectonics. Ocean is required for early evolution of diverse single-celled organisms, then colonies of cells which specialized further to form guts, ap- pendages, and sensory organisms up to the complexity of fish （central nervous system, appendages, eyes）. Large expanses of dry land also begin in the ocean, today produced above subduction zones in juvenile arcs and by their coalescence to form continents, although it is not clear that plate tectonics was required to create continental crust on Earth. Dry land of continents is required for further evolution of technological species, where modification of appendages for grasping and manipulating, and improve- ment of eyes and central nervous system could be perfected. These bioassets allowed intelligent crea- tures to examine the night sky and wonder, the beginning of abstract thinking, including religion and science. Technology arises from the exigencies of daily living such as tool-making, agriculture, clothing, and weapons, but the pace of innovation accelerates once it is allied with science. Finally, the importance of plate tectonics for devel

关键词： plate tectonics Exoplanets Planetary science Intelligent life

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Fifty years of plate tectonics

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National Science Review 2018年第2期5卷 119-119页

作者： Yong-Fei Zheng University of Science and Technology of China

What would you put on your list of the great scientific revolutions of the twentieth century?Genetics?General relativity?Something to do with quantum mechanics,perhaps?One discovery that must be on that list is the theory of plate tectonics—the principle of how the rigid outer shell of our Earth(its lithosphere)moves and *** provides a unifying context

关键词： plate tectonics EARTH sciences GEODYNAMICS

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MY WORK ON REGIONAL GEOtectonics & plate tectonics

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 1996年第1期10卷 67-68页

作者： Guo Lingzhi(Nanjing University)

I graduated as a geology major from the former Zhongyang (National) University in 1938 and then worked as a research scholar at Kings College in the University of London from 1949 to 1951.I was one of the pioneers in plate tectonic and terrain tectonic studies in China,devoting myself to the regional geotectonics and plate tectonics of southern China for several decades,making significant achievements in these *** the life-long course of my academic career,I have published and coauthored some 120 research papers or monographic books at home or abroad.

关键词： MY WORK ON REGIONAL GEOtectonics plate tectonics

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tectonics of the Indo-Australian plate Near the Ninetyeast Ridge Constrained from Marine Gravity and Magnetic Data

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2017年第3期16卷 403-410页

作者： CHEN Jie ZHANG Jinchang South China Sea Institute of Planning and Environmental Research State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Integrated Marine Monitoring and Applied Technologies for Harmful Algal Blooms State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Ministry of Land and Resouces

Although the Indo-Australian plate near the Ninetyeast Ridge is important for understanding the formation of new plate boundaries, its tectonic problems are complex and most of them are poorly known. This paper made a detailed tectonic analysis based on the data of bathymetry, gravity and magnetics. Bathymetry and gravity maps show morphological features of many folds, which are related to the intraplate deformation of the Indo-Australian plate due to the collision between the Indian and Asian plates. Gravity anomalies show the structure of fracture zones, which are caused by the seafloor spreading and transform faulting. The characteristics of the folds and fracture zones are consistent with the hypothesis that diffuse plate boundaries and redefined plate components would occur within the Indo-Australian plate. In addition, compiled magnetic data demonstrate magnetic lineations, abandoned spreading centers, southward ridge jumps and plate motions. These features provide useful information for rebuilding the tectonic evolution history of the study area. Magnetic anomalies suggest that an additional plate boundary of transform fault type is developing.

关键词： Indian Ocean Ninetyeast Ridge Indo-Australian plate plate tectonics marine geophysics

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