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Appropriate solid waste management system in Quelimane (Mozambique):study and design of a small-scale center for plastic sorting with wastewater treatment

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2022年第1期4卷 49-62页

作者： Francesca Villa Giovanni Vinti Mentore Vaccari Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering(DICA) Politecnico di MilanoVia Golgi 3920133 MilanItaly Laboratory Centre on Appropriate Technologies for Environmental Management in Resource-Limited Countries(CeTAmb LAB) University of BresciaVia BranzeBresciaItaly

Appropriate solid waste management(SWM)strategies are necessary to avoid severe environmental and sanitary impacts,especially in low-income *** strategies are most likely to succeed whether implementing actors are supported by scientific *** this paper,the results of a collaboration between local authorities and researchers are presented and discussed that are the assessment of waste generation in the city of Quelimane(Mozambique),integrating existing and field-collected data and the design of a small-scale center for plastic sorting to complement the SWM system of the *** center is expected to receive about 0.3-0.4 t/day of plastic waste(5%-7%of the overall amount of plastic waste daily produced in Quelimane).As long-term sustainability represents a typical issue,simplicity of operation was a leading principle in the design of the center;moreover,the design included a treatment plant(WWTP)for generated wastewater,whose management is usually neglected in such *** others,natural wastewater treatment(constructed wetlands)has been chosen for its ***,the so-conceived WWTP appears as a novelty in the scientific literature associated with small-scale plastic sorting *** system is designed to treat an average flow of 6 m3/day and consisted of a septic tank followed by a subsurface flow constructed ***,the COD(chemical oxygen demand)and TSS(total suspended solids)removal higher than 80%and 90%were estimated,*** on this work,both the center and the WWTP were successfully realized,which are waiting to become *** the authors’opinion,the implemented procedure could become a reference for broader investigations and surveys.

关键词： Low-income countries Wastewater treatment plastic recycling Informal sector Waste collection

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Review of Microplastic Pollution in the Environment and Emerging recycling Solutions

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第12期7卷 1251-1268页

作者： Gregory Reimonn Taofeng Lu Neeti Gandhi Wan-Ting Chen Department of plastic Engineering University of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47906USA.

Microplastic pollution represents a side-effect stemming from a global plastic waste mismanagement problem and includes degraded particles or mass produced plastic particles less than 5 mm in largest *** small nature of microplastics gives this area of pollution different environmental concerns than general plastic waste in the *** biological toxicity of particles,their internal components,and their surface level changes all present opportunities for these particles to adversely affect the environment around ***,it is necessary to review the current literature surrounding this topic and identify areas where the study of microplastic can be pushed *** we present current methods in studying microplastics,some of the ways by which microplastics affect the environment and attempt to shed light on how this research can *** addition,we review current recycling methods developing for the processing of mixed-plastic *** methods,including hydrothermal processing and solvent extraction,provide a unique opportunity to separate plastic waste and improve the viability of the plastics recycling industry.

关键词： Microplastic pollution additive toxicology marine plastic pollution plastic recycling sustainability

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Microwave Catalytic Depolymerization of Polyethylene Terephthalate plastic to the Monomers

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第12期5卷 2818-2831页

作者： Zhe Yuan Jianlong Yang George Manos Junwang Tang Department of Chemical Engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JE(United Kingdom) Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education The Energy and Catalysis HubCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi’an Industrial Catalysis Center Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing

plastic waste management has emerged as a critical environmental issue due to the exponential increase in plastic consumption *** terephthalate(PET)is extensively used in the production of water bottles,which constitutes a significant fraction of the plastic *** recycling is a challenging task due to the lack of efficient and cost-effective depolymerization *** this study,we developed a microwave(MW)catalytic depolymerization method for PET recycling using modified zinc oxide loaded with manganese oxide as a *** modified Mn_(3)O_(4)/ZnO catalyst presents high efficiency in depolymerizing PET into its monomers with only 0.4 wt% ratio of the catalyst to PET at 175℃ for 5 min,resulting in 100% conversion of PET and 88% selectivity toward bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate *** is believed that Mn_(3)O_(4)provides additional Lewis acid sites,promoting the dissociation of glycol from PET,and the MW irradiation plays a crucial role in rapidly heating the ethylene glycol and the catalyst,thereby accelerating the PET depolymerization *** addition,the heterogeneous nature of the catalyst facilitates its easy separation from the reaction mixture for reuse,simplifying the catalyst recovery process and enabling costeffective and sustainable PET ***,this study provides an innovative and sustainable solution for PET recycling,contributing toward the circular economy and mitigating the environmental impact of plastic waste.

关键词： polyethylene terephthalate plastic recycling microwave catalysis depolymerization bishydroxyethyl terephthalate monomers

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Evolution of the global polyethylene waste trade system

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2020年第1期6卷 265-280,264页

作者： Wen Xu Wei-Qiang Chen Daqian Jiang Chao Zhang Zijie Ma Yan Ren Lei Shi Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamenFujianChina Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism XiamenFujianChina Middlebury College MiddleburyVTUSA University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina eEnvironmental Engineering Department Montana TechButteMTUSA School of Economics and Management Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Introduction:China’s import bans on solid wastes starting from 2017 have challenged the global trade system of plastic wastes,which remains poorly *** study chooses polyethylene(PE)as a case and aims to map out the global trade networks of PE waste(GPETN)from 1976 to ***:We find that the size and complexity of the GPETN had been growing until *** the mid-1990s,PE waste basically flowed from developed economies,mainly the EU and the US,to developing economies such as *** 2001 when admitted into the WTO,China’s PE waste import surged until 2014 when it absorbed over 60%of global *** on solid waste import following the Green Fence campaign in 2013 resulted in substantial reductions in China’s import as well as the global export of PE waste after *** other developing economies,such as Malaysia,Turkey,and Vietnam,had transitioned to net importers,but their imports were insufficient to replace China as new recycling bases for PE ***:The results highlight the urgent need of a joint effort for developed and developing countries to build a stronger global circular economy system with sufficient capacity to treat PE waste locally.

关键词： plastic waste polyethylene solid waste trade complex network waste management plastic recycling

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Recipe Development and Mechanical Characterization of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene 3D Printing Filament

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2021年第3期11卷 47-61页

作者： Mwambe Polline James M. Mutua Thomas Ochuku Mbuya Kyekyere Ernest Department of Mechanical Engineering Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation Nairobi Kenya Department of Mechanical Engineering Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Recycled polypropylene filaments for fused filament fabrication were investigated with and without 14 wt% short fibre carbon reinforcements. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the filaments and 3D printed specimens were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and standard tensile testing. It was observed that recycled polypropylene filaments with 14 wt% short carbon fibre reinforcement contained pores that were dispersed throughout the microstructure of the filament. A two-stage filament extrusion process was observed to improve the spatial distribution of carbon fibre reinforcement but did not reduce the pores. Recycled polypropylene filaments without reinforcement extruded at high screw speeds above 20 rpm contained a centreline cavity but no spatially distributed pores. However, this cavity is eliminated when extrusion is carried out at screw speeds below 20 rpm. For 3D printed specimens, interlayer cavities were observed larger for specimens printed from 14 wt% carbon fibre reinforced recycled polypropylene than those printed from unreinforced filaments. The values of tensile strength for the filaments were 21.82 MPa and 24.22 MPa, which reduced to 19.72 MPa and 22.70 MPa, respectively, for 3D printed samples using the filaments. Likewise, the young’s modulus of the filaments was 1208.6 MPa and 1412.7 MPa, which reduced to 961.5

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