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Determination of Levels of Asbestos Fiber in Cosmetic and Non-Cosmetic Products Sold within Enugu Metropolis—Enugu State, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第10期11卷 862-871页

作者： Onyeka Okeke Harold Chinedu Okeke Ernest Ezeh Charles Chukwubuikem Aniobi Uchechi Rowland Imoh plastic Production Unit Scientific Equipment Development Institute Akwuke Nigeria Department of Geological Sciences Nnamdi Azikwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria

Studies were carried out to determine asbestos fiber levels in cosmetic (talc powder) and non-cosmetic (gauze pad, plastic filler and ceiling tiles) products sold in market outlets within Enugu, metropolis, Enugu State, Nigeria, using standard established procedures. The samples were pretreated based on its physical make-up and the asbestos fiber levels determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersing spectroscopy techniques. The mean range of asbestos fiber was, 0.02 - 0.06;0.01 - 0.05;0.01 - 0.04 and 0.03 - 0.06 f/cc for talc powder, gauze pads, plastic filler and ceiling tile samples respectively. The mean levels of asbestos fibers in the studied samples were within the recommended permissible limits. The samples contain asbestos fiber in the following decreasing order: ceiling tiles > talc powders > gauze pads > plastic fillers. Asbestos fiber was found present in the investigated local and foreign items sold in market outlets within the metropolis. This study shows that despite the ban on the use of asbestos in the industry in the manufacture of items meant for human use, its enforcement appears weak and lethargic and this could portend health danger especially in the use of produced items with high asbestos fiber friability such as talc powder.

关键词： Asbestos Fiber Talc Powder plastic filler Ceiling Tile and Gauze Pad

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Progress in Innocuous Treatment Methods of High-Boiling Residues Formed in the Synthesis of Methylchlorosilanes

Progress in Innocuous Treatment Methods of High-Boiling Resi...

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2011 IEEE International Conference on Waste Recycling,Ecology and Environment(ICWREE 2011)

作者： Jianlong LI*, Yang GAO Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P.R. China

In the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilanes, a series of complex by-products are formed, whichcomprises 7 weight percent of high-boiling residues(HBR).The commercial value of HBR is low, consequentlylarge inventories of residues have been built up by thesilicone industry. This inventory poses a serious problemfor it represents an expensive, relatively useless *** continued accumulation of the residue posesa storage problem. Catalytic cleavage, which converts Si-Sibond contained compounds in HBR to methylchlorosilanes,is a promising innocuous treatment technology. However,industrial applications of traditional catalysts such asLewis acid or organic amine have limitations. Recently,with the development of mesoporous materials, kinds ofnew catalysts have been applied to increase the conversionrate and the selectivity of dimethyldichlorosilane. Othercompounds could not be treated by catalytic cleavage, areconverted to variety of organosilicon products by multipleways. In this paper progress in the innocuous treatmenttechnology of HBR were reviewed. In addition a newmethod using HBR for plastic filler was introduced.

关键词： organosilicon high-boiling residues catalyticcleavage innocuous treatment plastic filler

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