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Soil-transmitted helminths and plasmodium falciparum malaria among individuals living in different agroecosystems in two rural communities in the mount Cameroon area:a cross-sectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 573-587页

作者： Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele Gladys Belanka Nkemnji Helen Kuokuo Kimbi Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology University of BueaBueaCameroon Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of BamendaBamendaCameroon

Background:Soil-transmitted helminths(STHs)and plasmodium falciparum infections remain public health problems in Cameroon.A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Mount Cameroon area to determine the prevalence and intensity of STHs and *** infections in individuals living in different agroecosystems;to assess the influence of these infections on haematological parameters;and to identify the risk factors associated with STH ***:STH and malaria parasites were detected using the Kato-Katz method and Giemsa staining of blood films,*** blood count values were obtained using an automatic haematology *** samples were analysed using the sucrose floatation sedimentation *** and continuous variables were compared as required and logistic regression models were used to assess the risk factors for STH infections and ***:Of the 450 participants examined,STHs,*** and mixed co-infections were detected in 14.0,33.3 and 5.6%of participants,*** higher prevalences of Ascaris(18.8%)and Trichuris(7.9%)infections were observed in participants from tea plantation areas compared to those from banana and palm plantation areas,with similar trends in egg *** prevalence and parasite density were comparable between the different *** overall prevalence of anaemia was 64.2%.The prevalence of haematological manifestations such as moderate(48.0%)and severe(8.0%)anaemia,leucopenia(26.9%)and microcytosis(30.8%)was significantly higher among plasmodium-STH co-infected *** samples from plantations showed the highest prevalences of STH eggs compared to soil samples from areas around pit toilets and public water *** in a tea plantation area(OR=3.07),age(AOR=1.49)and lack of access to potable water(OR=2.25)were identified as risk factors for STH infections,while the age groups 15-25 years(OR=2.928)and 26-35 years(OR=2.832),and being fem

关键词： Soil-transmitted helminths plasmodium falciparum malaria Co-infection Anaemia Agroecosystem Haematological values Environmental contamination Cameroon

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Modelling the impact of antimalarial quality on the transmission of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in plasmodium falciparum

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第2期2卷 161-187页

作者： Aleisha R.Brock Joshua V.Ross Scott Greenhalgh David P.Durham Alison Galvani Sunil Parikh Adrian Esterman School of Nursing&Midwifery University of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia School of Mathematical Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Center for Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTUSA Yale School of Public Health New HavenCTUSA Sansom Institute for Research Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine James Cook UniversityCairnsQLDAustralia

Background:The use of poor quality antimalarial medicines,including the use of nonrecommended medicines for treatment such as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine(SP)monotherapy,undermines malaria control and elimination ***,the use of subtherapeutic doses of the active ingredient(s)can theoretically promote the emergence and transmission of drug resistant ***:We developed a deterministic compartmental model to quantify the impact of antimalarial medicine quality on the transmission of SP resistance,and validated it using sensitivity analysis and a comparison with data from Kenya collected in *** modelled human and mosquito population dynamics,incorporating two plasmodium falciparum subtypes(SP-sensitive and SP-resistant)and both poor quality and good quality(artemether-lumefantrine)antimalarial ***:The model predicted that an increase in human malaria cases,and among these,an increase in the proportion of SP-resistant infections,resulted from an increase in poor quality SP antimalarial use,whether it was full-or half-dose SP ***:Our findings suggest that an increase in poor quality antimalarial use predicts an increase in the transmission of *** highlights the need for stricter control and regulation on the availability and use of poor quality antimalarial medicines,in order to offer safe and effective treatments,and work towards the eradication of malaria.

关键词： Deterministic compartmental model Falsified antimalarial medicine Substandard antimalarial treatments Antimalarial quality plasmodium falciparum malaria Drug resistance

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