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Stream-dwelling fungal decomposer communities along a gradient of eutrophication unraveled by 454 pyrosequencing

Fungal Diversity 2015年第1期70卷 127-148页

作者： S.Duarte F.Bärlocher J.Trabulo F.Cássio C.Pascoal Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology(CBMA) Department of BiologyUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar4710-057 BragaPortugal Department of Biology Mount Allison UniversitySackvilleNB E4L 1G7Canada

Microbial decomposers,especially a fungal group called aquatic hyphomycetes,play a critical role in processing plant litter in freshwaters by increasing its palatability to invertebrate ***,communities of aquatic hyphomycetes have been assessed through the identification of spores,which misses non-sporulating *** new technologies,454 pyrosequencing stands out as most promising for large-scale species ***,very few attempts have been made to validate its effectiveness for assessing the diversity of stream-dwelling fungal *** attempted to gain greater insight into the diversity of aquatic fungal communities in streams exposed to various degrees of eutrophication by using the 454 pyrosequencing technology.A total of 173,889 ITS2 pyrosequencing reads with hits for fungi were obtained from the 5 investigated *** majority of operational taxonomic units(OTUs)belonged to Ascomycota and the identification to the genus level was achieved for 169 *** the total,135,257 reads(ca.78%)showed close affinities to aquatic hyphomycete *** showed declining fungal diversity in the most eutrophic streams,which was congruent with a reduced diversity found through spore *** patterns revealed by connecting representative OTUs to ITS sequences from aquatic hyphomycetes were similar to those determined by traditional spore identification ***,454 pyrosequencing provided a more comprehensive view of fungal diversity;it captured almost twice as many taxa as spore *** study vali-dates the effectiveness of 454 pyrosequencing for surveying the diversity of stream-dwelling fungal decomposer *** application may accelerate the use of these communities for monitoring the integrity of freshwaters.

关键词： Freshwater ecosystems plant litter decomposition Aquatic fungi ITS region

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Pool of Biological Resources for Potential Applications in Solid State Fermentation Obtained from a Forest plantation of Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl, Mexico

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第14期6卷 1021-1039页

作者： E. Rodríguez-Bustamante E. Rodríguez-Flores F. Rojas-García A. S. Callejas-Iberri L. M. Gallardo-Roldán S. Gómez-Manzo J. Marcial-Quino M. L. Macías-Rubalcava F. Lazcano-Pérez R. Arreguín-Espinosa Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City México Departamento de Inmunología Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City México Programa Mexicano del Carbono Texcoco México Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Secretaría de Salud Mexico City México CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Pediatría Secretaría de Salud Mexico City México Departamento de Productos Naturales Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City México

A forest plantation, product of the reforestation of pine trees, represented a pool of biological resources for the implementation of a solid state fermentation process. The trees were identified as Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl from which lignocellulosic material in the form of pine needles was collected. Soil fungi, responsible for plant litter decomposition, were cultured at laboratory conditions and tested for their ability to grow on cellulose and hemicellulose as the sole carbon sources. A fungal strain, belonging to the genus Penicillium, was selected for growing it on pine needles as the substrate in a solid state culture. After following the culture for six days, the newly isolated strain exhibited a much higher capacity for spore production and holocellulose degradation, compared to a purchased strain of Penicillium chrysogenum and two control conditions. This work marks the beginning of future studies focused on commercial applications and represents the first report of a biotechnological process based on pine needles and their degradation by an ascomycetes species belonging to the genus Penicillium.

关键词： Forest plantation Solid State Fermentation Lignocellulosic Material Pine Needles plant litter decomposition Soil Fungi

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