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Robust transcriptional indicators of immune cell death revealed by spatiotemporal transcriptome analyses

Molecular plant 2022年第6期15卷 1059-1075页

作者： Jose Salguero-Linares Irene Serrano Nerea Ruiz-Solani Marta Salas-Gómez Ujjal Jyoti Phukan Victor Manuel González MartíBernardo-Faura Marc Valls David Rengel Nuria S.Coll Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBCampus UABBellaterra08193 BarcelonaSpain LIPM Universitéde ToulouseINRACNRS84195 Castanet-TolosanFrance INRAE GeT-PlaGeGenotoul31326 Castanet-TolosanFrance Department of Genetics Universitat de Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC) BarcelonaSpain Department of plant Molecular Biology and Physiology.Albrechtvon Haller Institute for plant Sciences niversity of GottingenJulia-Lermontowa-Weg3.37077 GottingenGrmany Institut de Phammacologie et de Biologie Structurale IPBS Universite deToulouse CNRSUPSBP 64182205 route de Nartxonne310077 Toulouse Cedex 04France

Recognition of a pathogen by the plant immune system often triggers a form of regulated cell death traditionally known as the hypersensitive response(HR).This type of cell death occurs precisely at the site of pathogen recognition,and it is restricted to a few *** research has shed light on how plant immune receptors are mechanistically ***,two central key questions remain largely unresolved:how does cell death zonation take place,and what are the mechanisms that underpin this phenomenon?Consequently,bona fide transcriptional indicators of HR are lacking,which prevents deeper insight into its mechanisms before cell death becomes macroscopic and precludes early or live *** this study,to identify the transcriptional indicators of HR we used the paradigmatic Arabidopsis thaliana–Pseudomonas syringae pathosystem and performed a spatiotemporally resolved gene expression analysis that compared infected cells that will undergo HR upon pathogen recognition with bystander cells that will stay alive and activate *** data revealed unique and time-dependent differences in the repertoire of differentially expressed genes,expression profiles,and biological processes derived from tissue undergoing HR and that of its ***,we generated a pipeline based on concatenated pairwise comparisons between time,zone,and treatment that enabled us to define 13 robust transcriptional HR *** these genes,the promoter of an uncharacterized AAA-ATPase was used to obtain a fluorescent reporter transgenic line that displays a strong spatiotemporally resolved signal specifically in cells that will later undergo pathogen-triggered cell *** valuable set of genes can be used to define cells that are destined to die upon infection with HR-triggering bacteria,opening new avenues for specific and/or high-throughput techniques to study HR processes at a single-cell level.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell death indicator effector-triggered immunity hypersensitive response pattern-triggered immunity plant immunity Pseudomonas syringae

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Mechanisms underlying legume-rhizobium symbioses

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2022年第2期64卷 244-267页

作者： Jun Yang Liying Lan Yue Jin Nan Yu Dong Wang Ertao Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of plant Molecular Sciences College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234 China National Key Laboratory of plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological Sciencesthe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200234 China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of MassachusettsAmherst01003 USA

Legumes,unlike most land plants,can form symbiotic root nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria to secure nitrogen for *** formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules on legume roots requires the coordination of rhizobial infection at the root epidermis with cell division in the *** nodules house the nitrogen-fixing rhizobia in organelle-like structures known as symbiosomes,which enable nitrogen fixation and facilitate the exchange of metabolites between the host and *** addition to this beneficial interaction,legumes are continuously exposed to would-be pathogenic microbes;therefore the ability to discriminate pathogens from symbionts is a major determinant of plant survival under natural ***,we summarize recent advances in the understanding of root nodule symbiosis signaling,transcriptional regulation,and regulation of plant immunity during legume-rhizobium *** addition,we propose several important questions to be addressed and provide insights into the potential for engineering the capacity to fix nitrogen in legume and nonlegume plants.

关键词： nodule organogenesis plant immunity root nodule symbiosis

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Warm temperature compromises JA-regulated basal resistance to enhance Magnaporthe oryzae infection in rice

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Molecular plant 2022年第4期15卷 723-739页

作者： Jiehua Qiu Junhui Xie Ya Chen Zhenan Shen Huanbin Shi Naweed I.Naqvi Qian Qian Yan Liang Yanjun Kou State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory and Department of Biological Sciences1 Research LinkNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117604Singapore College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Changes in global temperatures profoundly affect the occurrence of plant *** is well known that rice blast can easily become epidemic in relatively warm ***,the molecular mechanism remains *** this study,we show that enhanced blast development at a warm temperature(22C)compared with the normal growth temperature(28C)is rice *** transcriptome analysis revealed that jasmonic acid(JA)biosynthesis and signaling genes in rice could be effectively induced by Magnaporthe oryzae at 28C but not at 22*** analyses of the osaoc1 and osmyc2 mutants,OsCOI1 RNAi lines,and OsMYC2-OE plants further demonstrated that compromised *** JA biosynthesis and signaling lead to enhanced blast susceptibility at the warm *** with these results,we found that exogenous application of methyl jasmonate served as an effective strategy for improving blast resistance under the warm environmental ***,decreased activation of JA signaling resulted in the downregulated expression of some key basal resistance genes at 22C when compared with 28*** these affected genes,OsCEBiP(chitin elicitorbinding protein precursor)was found to be directly regulated by OsMYB22 and its interacting protein OsMYC2,a key component of JA signaling,and this contributed to temperature-modulated blast *** together,these results suggest that warm temperature compromises basal resistance in rice and enhances *** infection by reducing JA biosynthesis and signaling,providing potential new strategies for managing rice blast disease under warm climate conditions.

关键词： temperature-modulated resistance rice blast jasmonic acid CEBiP MYB22 plant immunity

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CRISPR/Cas9-Targeted Knockout of Rice Susceptibility Genes OsDjA2 and OsERF104 Reveals Alternative Sources of Resistance to Pyricularia oryzae

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Rice science 2022年第6期29卷 535-544,I0023-I0030页

作者： Fabiano T.P.KTÁVORA Anne Cécile MEUNIER Aurore VERNET Murielle PORTEFAIX Joëlle MILAZZO Henri ADREIT Didier THARREAU Octávio LFRANCO Angela MEHTA Department of Genetics and Biotechnology Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de Fora-MG 36036330Brazil Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Brasília-DF 70770-917Brazil Genetic Improvement and Adaptation of Mediterranean and Tropical plants Agricultural Research Center for International Development(CIRAD)Montpellier 34398 CEDEX 5France CIRAD-INRAe-Agro Institute University of MontpellierMontpellier 34000France plant Health Institute of Montpellier CIRADMontpellier 34398France University of Montpellier National Institute of Agronomic ResearchResearch Institute for DevelopmentMontpellier SupAgroMontpellier 34398France Department of Genomics Science and Biotechnology Proteomics Analysis CenterCatholic University of BrasíliaBrasília-DF 71966-900Brazil S-Inova Biotech Catholic University of Dom BoscoCampo Grande-MS 79117-900Brazil

Rice genes OsDjA2 and OsERF104,encoding a chaperone protein and an APETELA2/ethylene-responsive factor,respectively,are strongly induced in a compatible interaction with blast fungus,and also have function in plant susceptibility validated through gene ***,we reported the CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of OsDjA2 and OsERF104 genes resulting in considerable improvement of blast resistance.A total of 15 OsDjA2(62.5%)and 17 OsERF104(70.8%)T_(0)transformed lines were identified from 24 regenerated plants for each target and used in downstream *** of homozygous T1 mutant lines revealed not only a significant decrease in the number of blast lesions but also a reduction in the percentage of diseased leaf area,compared with the infected control *** results supported CRISPR/Cas9-mediated target mutation in rice susceptibility genes as a potential and alternative breeding strategy for building resistance to blast disease.

关键词： gene editing plant-pathogen interaction Magnaporthe pathosystem plant immunity blast resistance S-gene rice

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The Phantom Menace:latest findings on effector biology in the rice blast fungus

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aBIOTECH 2023年第2期4卷 140-154页

作者： Jessie Fernandez Department of Microbiology and Cell Science at University of Florida-Institute of Food and Agricultural Science GainesvilleFL 32611USA

Magnaporthe oryzae is a hemibiotrophic fungus responsible for the economically devastating and recalcitrant rice blast ***,the blast fungus is not only restricted to rice plants as it can also infect wheat,millet,and other *** previous outstanding discoveries aimed to understand and control the disease,the fungus remains one of the most important pathogens that threatens global food *** cause disease,*** initiates morphological changes to attach,penetrate,and colonize rice cells,all while suppressing plant immune defenses that would otherwise hinder its *** such,*** actively secretes a battery of small proteins called“effectors”to manipulate host *** this review,we summarize the latest findings in effector identification,expression,regulation,and *** review the most studied effectors and their roles in ***,we discern the current methodologies to structurally catalog effectors,and we highlight the importance of climate change and its impact on the future of rice blast disease.

关键词： Rice blast Effector Secretion Computational analysis plant immunity Climate change

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CPR5 positively regulates pattern-triggered immunity via a mediator protein

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2023年第7期65卷 1613-1619页

作者： Miaomiao Ma Meng Li Rongfang Zhou Jian-Bin Yu Ying Wu Xiaojuan Zhang Jinlong Wang Jian-Min Zhou Xiangxiu Liang State Key Laboratory of plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐bioresources College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China

plant cells possess a two-layered immune system consisting of pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI), mediated by cell surface pattern-recognition receptors and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors(NLRs), respectively. The CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION OF PR GENES 5(CPR5) nuclear pore complex protein negatively regulates ETI, including ETI-associated hypersensitive response. Here, we show that CPR5 is essential for the activation of various PTI responses in Arabidopsis, such as resistance to the non-adapted bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 hrc C-. In a forward-genetic screen for suppressors of cpr5, we identified the mediator protein MED4. Mutation of MED4 in cpr5 greatly restored the defective PTI of cpr5. Our findings reveal that CPR5 plays opposite roles in regulating PTI and ETI, and genetically regulates PTI via MED4.

关键词： CPR5 MED4 plant immunity PTI

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Regulation of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress by receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 383-394页

作者： Xiangxiu Liang Jie Zhang College of Life Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China State Key Laboratory of plant Genomics Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

As sessile organisms,plants have to cope with environmental change and numerous biotic and abiotic *** perceiving environmental cues and stress signals using different types of receptors,plant cells initiate immediate and complicated signaling to regulate cellular processes and respond to ***-like cytoplasmic kinases(RLCKs)transduce signals from receptors to cellular components and play roles in diverse biological *** studies have revealed the hubbing roles of RLCKs in plant responses to biotic *** evidence indicates the important regulatory roles of RLCKs in plant responses to abiotic stress,growth,and *** a pivot of cellular signaling,the activity and stability of RLCKs are dynamically and tightly ***,we summarize the current understanding of how RLCKs regulate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress.

关键词： Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase Biotic stress Abiotic stress plant immunity

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Two NIS1-like proteins from apple canker pathogen(Valsa mali)play distinct roles in plant recognition and pathogen virulence

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 606-620页

作者： Jiajun Nie Wenjing Zhou Yonghui Lin Zhaoyang Liu Zhiyuan Yin Lili Huang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F University3 Taicheng RoadYangling 712100ShaanxiChina College of plant Protection China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Conserved effectors produced by phytopathogens play critical roles in plant-microbe ***1-like proteins represent a newly identified family of effectors distributed in multiple fungal ***,their biological functions in a majority of pathogenic fungi remain largely elusive and require further *** this study,we characterized two NIS1-like proteins VmNIS1 and VmNIS2 from Valsa mali,the causal agent of apple Valsa *** of these two proteins were predicted to be *** agroinfiltration,we found that VmNIS1 induced intense cell death,whereas VmNIS2 suppressed INF1 elicitin-triggered cell death in Nicotiana *** of *** with VmNIS1 recombinant protein produced by Escherichia coli activated a series of immune responses and enhanced plant disease resistance against Phytophthora *** contrast,VmNIS2 suppressed plant immune responses and promoted *** infection when transiently expressed in *** VmNIS1 and VmNIS2 were shown to be highly induced at late stage of *** *** individually knocking out of these two genes in ***,however,only VmNIS2 was shown to be required for pathogen virulence as well as tolerance to oxidative ***,we further showed that C-terminal extension of VmNIS1 was essential for plant recognition and VmNIS2 may escape plant detection via sequence *** data collectively indicate that VmNIS1 and VmNIS2 play distinct roles in plant recognition and pathogen virulence,which provided new insights into the function of NIS1-like proteins in plant-microbe interactions.

关键词： Valsa mali Effector protein Cell death plant immunity Virulence

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Transcriptional and post‑transcriptional regulation of RNAi‑related gene expression during plant‑virus interactions

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 287-298页

作者： Qian Gong Yunjing Wang Zhenhui Jin Yiguo Hong Yule Liu MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Center for plant Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China Research Centre for plant RNA Signaling College of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China School of Science and the Environment University of WorcesterWorcester WR26AJUK School of Life Sciences University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

As sessile organisms,plants encounter diverse invasions from pathogens including *** survive and thrive,plants have evolved multilayered defense mechanisms to combat virus ***,also known as RNA silencing,is an across-kingdom innate immunity and gene regulatory *** framework and crucial roles of RNAi in antiviral defense have been ***,it is largely unknown that how RNAi is transcriptionally regulated to initiate,maintain and enhance cellular silencing under normal or stress ***,insights into the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of RNAi-related genes in different physiological processes have been *** this review,we integrate these new findings to provide updated views on how plants modulate RNAi machinery at the(post-)transcriptional level to respond to virus infection.

关键词： Transcriptional regulation RNAi Gene expression Virus plant immunity

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Life and death:the destiny of Phytophthora sojae determined by a receptor-like kinase

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Stress Biology 2023年第1期3卷 530-533页

作者： He Wang Wen-Ming Wang Jing Fan State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases(LRR-RLKs)are well known to act in plant growth,development,and defense *** LRR-RLKs locate on cell surface to sense and initiate responsive signals to a variety of extracellular stimuli,such as microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs)released from ***-RLKs are also present in microbes and function in microbial growth and development,but their roles in communicating with hosts are largely unknown.A recent study published in Nature Communications uncovered that a microbial LRR-RLK,PsRLK6,is required for oospore development in the sexual reproduction of Phytophthora sojae,an oomycete pathogen that causes root and stem rot in ***,PsRLK6 is recognized as a novel type of MAMP by an unknown plant LRR receptor-like protein and triggers immune responses in soybean,tomato,and Nicotiana *** findings reveal dual roles of a pathogen LRR-RLK in determining both life through sexual reproduction and death through triggering plant immunity.

关键词： Phytophthora sojae PsRLK6 Oospore Microbe-associated molecular patterns plant immunity

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