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Synthesis of New Binder Polymers for Photolithographic Patterning of Black pixel Define Layers of Organic Light Emitting Diode

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2019年第11期10卷 687-696页

作者： Genggongwo Shi Kyeongha Baek Seon Hong Ahn Jun Bae Jeseob Kim Lee Soon Park CCTech. Co. Ltd Hwaseong Korea School of Material Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan Korea Duksan Neolux Co. Ltd. Cheonan Korea

The fabrication of black pixel define layer (PDL) on the organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel has been developed actively by using negative-tone black photoresist which contain photoinitiator, photosensitizer, binder polymer, multifunctional monomer and black mill base in order to improve the outdoor visibility of OLEDs. Cardo type binder polymer containing bulky and rigid fluorene group has been widely used in the black photoresist formulation. However, the commercial cardo binder polymer has high cost and requires high UV dose for the fine patterning of PDL in the photolithographic process. In this study we designed and synthesized various non-cardo type binder polymers and evaluated the new binder polymers in comparison with the cardo binder polymer for the improved patterning of PDL on the OLED panel.

关键词： Organic Light Emitting Diode pixel Define Layer Photolithography One-Pot Synthesis

Development of Global Cropland Agreement Level Analysis by Integrating pixel Similarity of Recent Global Land Cover Datasets

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2017年第12期8卷 1509-1529页

作者： Anjar Dimara Sakti Wataru Takeuchi Ketut Wikantika Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Center for Remote Sensing Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

Global cropland monitoring is important when considering tactical strategies for achieving food sustainability. Different global land cover (GLC) datasets providing cropland information have already been published and they are used in many applications. The different data input methods, classification techniques, class definitions and production years among the different GLC datasets make them all independently useful sources of information. This study attempted to produce a cropland agreement level (CAL) analysis based on the integration of several cropland datasets to more accurately estimate cropland area distribution. Estimating cropland area and how it has changed on a national level was done by converting the level of cropland agreement into percentages with an existing cropland fraction map. A pre-analysis showed that the four GLC datasets used in the 2005 and 2010 groups had similar year input data acquisitions. Therefore, we placed these four datasets (GlobCover, MODIS LC, GLCNMO and ESACCI LC) into 2005 and 2010 year-groups and selected them to process dataset integration through a CRISP approach. The results of this process proposed four agreement levels for this CAL analysis, and the model correlation was converted into percentage values. The cropland estimate results from the CAL analysis were observed along with FAO data statistics and showed the highest accuracy, with a 0.70 and 0.71 regression value for 2005 and 2010 respectively. In the cropland area change analysis, this CAL change analysis had the highest level of accuracy when describing the total size of cropland area change from 2005 and 2010 when compared to other individual original GLC datasets.

关键词： Global Land Cover pixel Comparison Cropland Agreement Level

A Comprehensive Review on pixel Oriented and Object Oriented Methods for Information Extraction from Remotely Sensed Satellite Images with a Special Emphasis on Cryospheric Applications

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2015年第3期4卷 177-195页

作者： Shridhar D. Jawak Prapti Devliyal Alvarinho J. Luis Earth System Science Organization (ESSO) National Centre for Antarctic & Ocean Research (NCAOR) Ministry of Earth Sciences Government of India Vasco da Gama India Department of Civil Engineering Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International University Pune India

Image classification is one of the most basic operations of digital image processing. The present review focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of traditional pixel-based classification (PBC) and the advances of object-oriented classification (OOC) algorithms employed for the extraction of information from remotely sensed satellite imageries. The state-of-the-art classifiers are reviewed for their potential usage in urban remote sensing (RS), with a special focus on cryospheric applications. Generally, classifiers for information extraction can be divided into three catalogues: 1) based on the type of learning (supervised and unsupervised), 2) based on assumptions on data distribution (parametric and non-parametric) and, 3) based on the number of outputs for each spatial unit (hard and soft). The classification methods are broadly based on the PBC or the OOC approaches. Both methods have their own advantages and disadvantages depending upon their area of application and most importantly the RS datasets that are used for information extraction. Classification algorithms are variedly explored in the cryosphere for extracting geospatial information for various logistic and scientific applications, such as to understand temporal changes in geographical phenomena. Information extraction in cryospheric regions is challenging, accounting to the very similar and conflicting spectral responses of the features present in the region. The spectral responses of snow and ice, water, and blue ice, rock and shadow are a big challenge for the pixel-based classifiers. Thus, in such cases, OOC approach is superior for extracting information from the cryospheric regions. Also, ensemble classifiers and customized spectral index ratios (CSIR) proved extremely good approaches for information extraction from cryospheric regions. The present review would be beneficial for developing new classifiers in the cryospheric environment for better understanding of spatial-temporal changes over long time scales.

关键词： pixel Based Classification Object Oriented Classification Cryosphere Antarctica

Algorithms for Masking pixel Defects at Low Exposure Conditions for CMOS Image Sensors

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Engineering（科研） 2010年第4期2卷 220-227页

作者： Vinesh Sukumar Jason Tanner Atif Sarwari Herbert L Hess 不详

This paper introduces certain innovative algorithms to mask for pixel defects seen in image sensors. pixel defectivity rates scale with pixel architecture and process nodes. Smaller pixel and process nodes introduce more defects in manufacturing. Brief introduction to causes for pixel defectivity at lower pixel nodes is explained. Later in the paper, popular defect correction schemes used in image processing applications are discussed. A new approach for defect correction is presented and evaluated using images captured from an 8M Bayer image sensor. Experimentation for threshold evaluation is done and presented with practical results for better optimization of proposed algorithms. Experimental data shows that proposed defect corrections preserves a lot of edge details and corrects for bright and hot pixels/clusters, which are evaluated using histogram analysis.

关键词： Hot pixels pixel Clusters Defect Correction Cluster Correction

Black Photoresist for Patterning pixel Define Layer of Organic Light Emitting Diode with Polyimide as Thermal Stabilizer

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第6期9卷 554-564页

作者： Genggongwo Shi Jin Woo Park Lee Soon Park CC Tech Cheonan South Korea Samsung Display Co. Ltd. Yongin South Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan South Korea

In order to improve the visibility for outside use of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), the polarized film and black matrix pattern have been used in the small and medium sized OLEDs;however, these cause problem of reducing the emission efficiency of OLED. Changing the color of pixel define layer (PDL) from brown to black is an important point for improving the efficiency and visibility of OLEDs. In this work we studied the photoresist material containing black pigment and the photolithographic process for patterning of black PDL on OLEDs. The black PDL patterns made with our synthesized polyimides as thermal stabilizer were found to give high thermal stability over 300°C.

关键词： Organic Light Emitting Diode pixel Define Layer Black pixel Define Layer Photolithography

Mobility impact on compensation performance of AMOLED pixel circuit using IGZO TFTs

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Journal of Semiconductors 2019年第2期40卷 33-38页

作者： Congwei Liao Shenzhen Graduate School Peking University

The suitability of indium gallium zinc oxide(IGZO) thin-film transistors(TFT) for implementation of active matrix display of organic light emitting diodes(AMOLED) compensation pixel circuits is addressed in this paper. In particular, the impact of mobility on compensating performance for the implementation in AMOLED pixel circuits is investigated. Details of the effective mobility modeling using the power law of gate-to-source voltage are provided, and parameters are extracted according to the measured current-to-voltage data of IGZO TFT samples. The investigated AMOLED pixel circuit consists of 4 switching TFTs, 1 driving TFT, and 1 capacitor. A "source-follower" structure is used for the threshold voltage extraction of the driving transistor. A new timing diagram is proposed; thus the current error of the pixel circuit is almost independent of the effective mobility. But, to improve the precision of the threshold voltage extraction of the driving transistor, the mobility is required to be greater than5 cm^2 V^(-1) s^(-1). On the other hand, the optimized storage capacitance is reversely proportional to the effective mobility. Thus, the layout area of the pixel circuit can be decreased from 100 × 100 to 100 × 68 μm2, with the effective mobility increased from 10 to50 cm^2 V^(-1) s^(-1). Therefore, IGZO TFT is a good alternative backplane technology for AMOLED displays, and a higher effective mobility is preferred for high compensation performance and compact layout.

关键词： IGZO TFT pixel circuit mobility

Generalized Method of Biparametric Sub pixel Thermal Location

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Positioning 2016年第2期7卷 75-79页

作者： A. Sh. Mehdiyev N. A. Abdullayev R. N. Abdulov H. H. Asadov Sevda N. Abdullayeva National Aviation Academy Baku Azerbaijan Research Institute of Ministry of Defence Industry Baku Azerbaijan Research Institute of Aerospace Informatics Baku Azerbaijan Scientific-Industrial Center OZONE Baku Azerbaijan

It is well-known that according the Dozier’s method, utilization of integral of Planks function in fusion of signals of two different channels of airborne radiometer makes it possible to compute such components of temperature field within one pixel as temperatures of the object and background. In the paper, the generalization of Dozier method is suggested. The suggested generalization of Dozier’s bispectral method named as biparametric method is applicable for static remote objects. In the suggested biparametric method, the measurements are carried out at the moments t1 and t2. It is assumed that the object temperature reaches quantity T(t1) and T(t2) at these moments. On the bases of operational data of scanning infrared radiometer, the square area of one pixel can be calculated in dependence of distance between object and radiometer. This makes it possible to carry out location of static objects from two basis points using serial single wavelengths measurements of radiation emitted by the sub pixel object.

关键词： Radiometer pixel Radiation Location Bispectral Measurements Sensor

Multiprocessing　and　Dataflow　Processing　Architecture　of　a　pixel　Processor　and　Its　VHDL　Simulation　Strategy

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 1996年第4期3卷 49-53页

作者：董社勤陈爽鲁杰峰高国安

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关键词： ss: Computer graghic hardware real-time image generation system CIG VHDL pixel processor simulation

The realization of an SVGA OLED-on-silicon microdisplay driving circuit

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Journal of Semiconductors 2012年第3期33卷 81-86页

作者：赵博华黄苒马飞谢国华张振松杜寰罗家俊赵毅 Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics Jilin University

An 800×600 pixel organic light-emitting diode-on-silicon（OLEDoS） driving circuit is proposed.The pixel cell circuit utilizes a subthreshold-voltage-scaling structure which can modulate the pixel current between 170 pA and 11.4 nA.In order to keep the voltage of the column bus at a relatively high level,the sample-and-hold circuits adopt a ping-pong operation.The driving circuit is fabricated in a commercially available 0.35μm two-poly four-metal 3.3 V mixed-signal CMOS process.The pixel cell area is 15×15μm^2 and the total chip occupies 15.5×12.3 mm^2.Experimental results show that the chip can work properly at a frame frequency of 60 Hz and has a 64 grayscale（monochrome） display.The total power consumption of the chip is about 85 mW with a 3.3 V supply voltage.

关键词： microdisplav OLED-on-silicon pixel SVGA 64 grayscale buffer