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Glutamatergic neurons of piriform cortex delay induction of inhalational general anesthesia

Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 829-840页

作者： Liang Zhou Qipeng Ran Rulan Yi Huanyao Tang Yu Zhang Tian Yu Key Laboratory of Brain Science Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003China Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003China

Since their clinical application in the 1840s,the greatest mystery surrounding general anesthesia(GA)is how different kinds of general anesthetics cause reversible unconsciousness,and the precise neural mechanisms underlying the *** past years,although many studies revealed the roles of cortex,thalamus,brainstem,especially the sleep-wake circuits in GA-induced loss of consciousness(LOC),the full picture of the neural circuit mechanism of GA is still largely *** studies have focused on the importance of other brain ***,we report that the activity of glutamatergic(Glu)neurons in the piriform cortex(PC),a critical brain region for odor encoding,began to increase during the LOC of GA and gradually recovered after recovery of *** lesions of the anterior PC(APC)neurons accelerated the induction time of isoflurane *** and optogenetic activation of APcGlu neurons prolonged isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia induction,whereas APcclu neuron inhibition displayed the opposite ***,the modification of APcclu neurons did not affect the induction or emergence time of propofol *** addition,odor processing may be partially involved in the induction of isoflurane and sevofurane GA regulated by APCclu *** conclusion,our findings reveal a critical role of APCGlu neurons in inhalational GA induction.

关键词： piriform cortex Inhalationalgeneral anesthesia Glutamatergic Induction time odor

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Distribution and fate of DCX/PSA-NCAM expressing cells in the adult mammalian cortex： A local reservoir for adult cortical neuroplasticity？

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Frontiers in Biology 2016年第3期11卷 193-213页

作者： Richard Konig Bruno Benedetti Peter Rotheneichner Anna O' Sullivan Christina Kreutzer Maria Belles Juan Nacher Thomas M. Weiger Ludwig Aigner Sebastien Couillard-Despres Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS) Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria Department of Physiology and Medical Physics Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria Institute of Experimental Neuroregenerat ion Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Salzburg Austria Neurobiology Unit Interdisciplinary Research Structure ffor Biotechnology and Biomedicine Valencia. Universitat de Valencia.Comunitat Valenciana Spain Division of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Department of Cell Biology University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria

Abstract The expression of early developmental markers such as doublecortin （DCX） and the polysialylated-neural cell adhesion molecule （PSA-NCAMIp has been used to identify immature neurons within canonical neurogenic niches. Additionally, DCX/PSA-NCAM ＋ immature neurons reside in cortical layer II of the paleocortex and in the paleo- and entorhinal cortex of mice and rats, respectively. These cells are also found in the neocortex of guinea pigs, rabbits, some afrotherian mammals, cats, dogs, non-human primates, and humans. The population of cortical DCX/PSA-NCAM ＋ immature neurons is generated prenatally as conclusively demonstrated in mice, rats, and guinea pigs. Thus, the majority of these cells do not appear to be the product of adult proliferative events. The immature neurons in cortical layer II are most abundant in the corlLices of young individuals, while very few DCX/PSA-NCAM ＋ cortical neurons can be detected in aged mammals. Maturation of DCX/PSA-NCAM ＋ cells into glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons has been proposed as an explanation for the age-dependent reduction in their population over time. In this review, we compile the recent information regarding the age-related decrease in the number of cortical DCX/PSA-NCAM ＋ neurons. We compare the distribution and fates of DCX/PSA-NCAM ＋ neurons among mammalian species and speculate their impact on cognitive function. To respond to the diversity of adult neurogenesis research produced over the last number of decades, we close this review by discussing the use and precision of the term ＂adult non-canonical neurogenesis.＂

关键词： aging cognition doublecortin piriform cortex plasticity neurogenesis

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Modulation of theta and gamma oscillations in central olfactory pathway by behavioral state

Modulation of theta and gamma oscillations in central olfact...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Qing LIU~(1,3),Rui-Qi WU~(1,3),An-An LI~1,Fu-Qiang XU~(1,2,*) 1 Wuhan MRC,State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics,the Chinese Academy of Science,Wuhan 430071,China 2 Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,Wuhan 430074,China 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China

＜正＞Objective In mammalian olfactory pathway,the oscillatory activities of the olfactory bulb（OB）,piriform cortex（PCX）and hippocampus（HPC）have been extensively studied to elucidate odor information processing. However,less is known about the oscillations of spontaneous activity and the modulation by behavioral state, especially for the theta（4-12 Hz）and gamma（35-100 Hz）*** In the present study,local field potentials （LFP）of spontaneous activity were recorded from the OB,PCX and HPC simultaneously in awake and anesthetized *** Compared with the anesthetized state,awake mice showed increased theta and gamma oscillations in all the three regions,but decreased coherences among ***,the spontaneous activities in exploratory walking and motionless mice were *** exploratory state,the power of theta oscillations in the PCX and HPC was decreased,whereas the power of theta in the OB and gamma in all regions were increased significantly. However,the coherences among the three brain regions for both theta and gamma oscillations were significantly *** was also found that the coherence between the PCX and the HPC was always the highest regardless of brain *** These results suggest that the theta and gamma oscillations in central olfactory pathway could be modulated by behavioral state,and that the higher coherences of both theta and gamma oscillations between PCX and HPC indicate tighter functional coupling between them.

关键词： oscillation olfactory bulb piriform cortex hippocampus functional coupling

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