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Effect of cold stratification on the temperature range for germination of Pinus koraiensis

Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 221-231页

作者： Yuan Song Xinghuan Li Mingyi Zhang Guowei Xia Chao Xiong College of Eco-Environmental Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyangPeople’s Republic of China Qingyuan Forest CERN Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China Karst Environmental Geological Hazard Prevention Laboratory of Guizhou Minzu University GuiyangPeople’s Republic of China Guiyang Institute of Information Science and Technology GuiyangPeople’s Republic of China

Germination at low spring temperatures may offer a competitive advantage for the growth and survival of plant species inhabiting temperate forest ecosystems.Pinus koraiensis is a dominant species in temperate forests of northeastern China.Its seeds exhibit primary morphophysiological dormancy following dispersal in autumn,limiting natural or artificial regeneration:direct seeding and planting seedlings in spring.The aim of this study was to determine the optimum cold stratification temperature that induces germination to increase towards lower temperatures.Seeds from two populations(Changbaishan and Liangshui)were cold stratified at 0,5 and 10℃.Germination to incubation temperatures(10/5,20/10,25/15 and 30/20℃;14/10 h day/night)were determined after 2 and 4 weeks,and 5.5 and6.5 months of cold stratification.After 5.5 months,approximately 68-91%of seeds from both populations germinated at incubation temperatures of 25/15℃and 30/20℃,regardless of cold stratification temperatures.When the cold stratification temperature was reduced to 0℃and the period increased to 6.5 months,germination at 10/5℃significantly improved,reaching 37%and 64%for the Changbaishan and Liangshui populations,respectively.After 6.5 months of cold stratification,there was a significant linear regression between cold stratification temperatures and germination at10/5℃.The range in temperatures allowing for germination gradually expanded to include lower temperatures with decreasing cold stratification temperatures from 10 to 5℃and further to 0℃.

关键词： Cold Stratification temperatures Pinus koraiensis Seed germination Germination temperature range

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Comparison of genetic impact on growth and wood traits between seedlings and clones from the same plus trees of Pinus koraiensis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 469-480页

作者： Xiaoting Liu Zhimin Lu Jingui Wu Yuchun Yang Shuchun Li Lin Wu Qingshan Xu Qi Yu Li Zhao Jian Sun Wei Zheng Mulualem Tigabu Xiyang Zhao College of Forestry and Grasslands Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118JilinPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040HeilongjiangPeople’s Republic of China Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences Changchun 130031JilinPeople’s Republic of China Lushuihe Forestry Bureau of Jilin Baishan 134506JilinPeople’s Republic of China Forestry Department of Jilin Province Tree Seedling Management StationChangchun 130000JilinPeople’s Republic of China Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesP.O.Box 19023422 LommaSweden

To evaluate the relationships among clones and open pollinated families from the same plus trees and to select elite breeding materials,growth,and wood characteristics of 33-year-old pinus korainsis clones and families were measured and analyzed.The results show that growth and wood characters varied significantly.The variation due to clonal effects was higher than that of family effects.The ratio of genetic to phenotypic coefficient of variation of clones in growth and wood traits was above 90%,and the repeatability of these characteristics was more than 0.8,whereas the ratio of genetic to phenotypic coefficient of variation of families was above 90%.The broad-sense heritability of all characteristics exceeded 0.4,and the narrow-sense family heritability of growth traits was less than 0.3.Growth characteristics were positively correlated with each other,but most wood properties were weakly correlated in both clones and families.Fiber length and width were positively correlated between clones and families.Using the membership function method,eleven clones and four families were selected as superior material for improved diameter growth and wood production,and two families from clonal and open-pollinated trees showed consistently better performance.Generally,selection of the best clones is an effective alternative to deployment of families as the repeatability estimates from clonal trees were higher than narrow-sense heritability estimates from open pollinated families.The results provide valuable insight for improving P.koraiensis breeding programs and subsequent genetic improvement.

关键词： Pinus koraiensis Korean pine Clonal parents Progeny testing Repeatability Broad-sense heritability Narrow-sense heritability

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Potential reduction in carbon fixation capacity under climate change in a Pinus koraiensis forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 152-161页

作者： Dong Kook Woo Department of Civil Engineering Keimyung UniversityDaegu42601Republic of Korea

There has been an increasing recognition of the crucial role of forests, responsible for sequestering atmospheric CO_(2), as a moral imperative for mitigating the pace of climate change. The complexity of evaluating climate change impacts on forest carbon and water dynamics lies in the diverse acclimations of forests to changing environments. In this study, we assessed two of the most common acclimation traits, namely leaf area index and the maximum rate of carboxylation(V_(cmax)), to explore the potential acclimation pathways of Pinus koraiensis under climate change. We used a mechanistic and process-based ecohydrological model applied to a P. koraiensis forest in Mt. Taehwa, South Korea. We conducted numerical investigations into the impacts of(i) Shared Socioeconomic Pathways 2–4.5(SSP2-4.5) and 5–8.5(SSP5-8.5),(ii) elevated atmospheric CO_(2) and temperature, and(iii) acclimations of leaf area index and V_(cmax)on the carbon and water dynamics of P. koraiensis. We found that there was a reduction in net primary productivity(NPP) under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, but not under SSP5-8.5, compared to the baseline, due to an imbalance between increases in atmospheric CO_(2) and temperature. A decrease in leaf area index and an increase in V_(cmax)of P. koraiensis were expected if acclimations were made to reduce its leaf temperature. Under such acclimation pathways, it would be expected that the well-known CO_(2) fertilizer effects on NPP would be attenuated.

关键词： Climate change NEP Pinus koraiensis Warming Acclimation

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Variations in growth traits and wood physicochemical properties among Pinus koraiensis families in Northeast China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1637-1648页

作者： Qinhui Zhang Xiaona Pei Xianbo Lu Chunli Zhao Guangzhi Dong Wanling Shi Liankui Wang Yanlong Li Xiyang Zhao Mulualem Tigabu College of Forestry and Grassland Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Sanchazi Forestry Bureau of Jilin Province Baishan 134702People’s Republic of China Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 4923053 AlnarpSweden

This study aimed to explore and improve the different economic values of Pinus koraiensis(Siebold and Zucc.)by examining the variations in 6 growth traits and 9 physicochemical wood properties among 53 P.koraiensis half-sib families.Growth traits assessed included height,diameter at breast height,volume,degree of stem straight-ness,stem form,and branch number per node,while wood properties assessed included density,fiber length and width,fiber length to width ratio,and cellulose,hemicel-lulose,holocellulose,lignin,and ash contents.Except for degree of stem straightness and branch number per node,all other traits exhibited highly significant variations(P<0.01)among families.The coefficients of variation ranged from 5.3(stem form)to 66.7%(ash content),whereas,the herit-ability ranged from 0.136(degree of stem straightness)to 0.962(ash content).Significant correlations were observed among growth traits and wood physicochemical properties.Principal component analysis identified four distinct groups representing growth traits,wood chemical and physical properties,and stem form traits.Multi-trait comprehensive evaluation identified three groups of elite families based on breeding objectives,including rapid growth,improved timber production for building and furniture materials,and pulpwood production.These specific families should be used to establish new plantations.

关键词： Growth and wood traits Pinus koraiensis Principal component analysis Family selection Economic benefits

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Variation analyses of controlled pollinated families and parental combining ability of Pinus koraiensis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1005-1011页

作者： Shuchun Li Jiaqi Li Yanyan Pan Xiange Hu Xuesong Nan Dan Liu Yue Li Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083People’s Republic of China Tree Seedling Management Station Forestry Department of Jilin ProvinceChangchun 130000People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding School of ForestryNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences Changchun 130000People’s Republic of China Jilin Forestry Investigation and Planning Institute Changchun 130000People’s Republic of China Forest Germplasm Resource Center of Shandong Province Jinan 250000People’s Republic of China

To evaluate and select elite Pinus koraiensis parent combinations and offspring families,34 full-sib families were evaluated.Variance analysis of tree height,diameter at breast height and volume showed no significant differences among each block,the interaction of block,male and female.The family heritability of all traits were high(>0.9).Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variance of height,diameter at breast height,and volume showed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation of volume in the same combination was higher than height and diameter at breast height,indicating that volume was the main factor determining excellent single plant selection.The female and male trees with the best general combining ability indicated that the optimal parental hybridization was not necessarily the optimal combination.In addition,the least parents of hybrid offspring performance were always relatively poor and should not be selected as hybrid parents.Additionally,we found there was no significant difference among the effects of female and male parents by random modelling,but there were significant differences by fixed modelling.The most significant effect of female-and male interaction,and the selection of better female or male parents in the test parent group should be efficient as well as the results of significant variation among them by fixed modelling.For the evaluated breeding population of P.koraiensis,the backward selection of excellent parent combinations or forward selection of excellent individuals as progeny should be the major breeding strategies.

关键词： Controlled pollination Progeny testing Pinus koraiensis Parental combining ability

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Relationship between severity of trunk decay of Pinus koraiensis and soil properties around roots

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1213-1220页

作者： Huadong Xu Wenjing Chen Yanjun Cao Lihai Wang College of Engineering and Technology Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China

The decay rate of standing Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)in natural forests can be as high as 50%and is likely infl uenced by the soil properties and nutrient and water status of the site.To clarify the relationship between the severity of tree decay and soil properties in order to prevent decay in a natural mixed forest in the Xiaoxing'an Mountains,wood strength of standing trees was nondestructively assessed,and the severity of decay of extracted wood cores was quantified based on differences in mass between two decayed increment cores extracted at breast height and an intact increment core near the decayed ones.Soil samples from the critical root zone(non-rhizosphere)of each tree were analyzed for chemical properties and microbial composition.The abundance of chemical elements(especially total N and K)and the species richness of soil microbes increased as decay severity increased.Fungal number(FN)and actinomycetes number(AN)were related to decay severity(R^(2)=0.504).Bacterial number(BN)was higher than FN or AN,but had a minor effect on tree decay.Path analysis showed BN might indirectly inhibit decay by affecting FN.Decay severity was not significantly correlated with either soil fungal or bacterial diversity.These results suggest that forest managers need to monitor levels of fungi and total N and total K levels to reduce the decay of Korean pine.

关键词： Pinus koraiensis Soil chemical properties Soil microbial properties Trunk decay degree

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Clonal variations in cone,seed and nut traits in a Pinus koraiensis seed orchard in Northeast China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 171-179页

作者： David Kombi Kaviriri Yuxi Li Dawei Zhang Hongtao Li Zuoyi Fan Jingyuan Wang Lianfu Wang Qi Wang Deqiu Wang Vincent L.Chiang Xiyang Zhao State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Forest Cultivation Center Linjiang Forestry Bureau of JilinLinjiang 134600People’s Republic of China Department of Natural Resources Management Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of KinshasaKinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo Department of Forestry Faculty of Agricultural SciencesSemuliki Offi cial UniversityBeniDemocratic Republic of Congo

Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis Siebold&Zucc.)in Northeastern China has been genetically improved to increase seed yields in addition to timber.To assess seed yield variability and select highly productive clones,14 cone,seed and nut traits were measured and analyzed.Variance analysis showed that all clones were signifi cantly different in various traits(P<0.01).Phenotypic coeffi cients of variation and repeatability of traits ranged from 9.1 to 34.4%and from 27.5 to 97.7%,respectively.Except for the cone layer and cone seed numbers,the other traits were positively or negatively correlated.Three principal components were identifi ed.Seed and nut traits were the most important traits in the fi rst principal component,and cone traits more important in the second.Using correlation and principal component analyses,cone number and other traits were selected to evaluate materials.Twenty-two clones were selected using a selection rate of 10%based on cone number independently or other combined traits.The genetic gain for diff erent traits ranged from 6.2 to 24.3%.The selected elite clones can supply seedlings for reforestation and the selection method can provide a theoretical basis for selection in other conifer species.

关键词： Pinus koraiensis Clones Cone Seed Nut traits Principal component analysis

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Developing conservation strategies for Pinus koraiensis and Eleutherococcus senticosus by using model-based geographic distributions

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第2期27卷 389-400页

作者： Jizhong Wan Chunjing Wang Jinghua Yu Siming Nie Shijie Han Juzhao Liu Yuangang Zu Qinggui Wang State Engineering Laboratory of Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization (Heilongjiang) Northeast Forestry University School of Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Agricultural Resource and Environment Heilongjiang University

We described potential changes in the geo- graphic distribution and occurrence probability of Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. and Eleutherococcus senticosus （Rupr. et Maxim.） Maxim. in the counties of northeast China. This information was used to identify priority areas for protection and provide protection and management recommendations within each studied county. The two species were mapped in 2884 study plots throughout this region over a 4-year period （38°40＇N-53°30＇N, 115°05＇E- 135°02＇E）. We used the species distribution models （Maxent）, systematic conservation planning models （Marxan）, and Geographic Information Systems （ArcGIS 10.0）. The distributions of two species were correlated in the study area, enabling unique and economically viable joint conservation measures to be implemented. Three models were combined to identify feasible priority con- servation sites. We used local spatial statistics to assess all identified conservation areas in relation to potential climate change based shifts in the geographic distribution of the two species. Model-based conservation strategies were used to identify effective measures to protect and utilize these two tree species in the study region. This study pre- sents a novel technique for assessing wild plant distribu- tions, in addition to serving as a model for the conservation of other species within the framework of general forest management, ecological construction, and geographical surveying.

关键词： Eleutherococcus senticosus GIS Modeling Pinus koraiensis

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Genetic Variation in Growth and Cone Traits of Pinus koraiensis Half-Sib Families in Northeast China

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第1期89卷 57-69页

作者： David Kombi Kaviriri Xiaoting Liu Zuoyi Fan Jingyuan Wang Qi Wang Lianfu Wang Lixing Wang Damase Khasa Xiyang Zhao State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China Linjiang Forestry Bureau of Jilin Province Lijiang134600China Department of Natural Resources Management Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of KinshasaKinshasa023Democratic Republic of Congo Departments of Forestry Faculty of Agricultural SciencesSemuliki Official UniversityBeni048Democratic Republic of Congo Canada Research Chair in Forest and Environmental Genomics Centre for Forest Research and Institute for Integrative Biology and SystemsUniversitéLavalQuebec GiV 0A6Canada

Genetic parameters were evaluated for growth and cone characteristics(tree height,diameter at breast height,volume,cone number,thousand seeds weight and single cone seeds weight)on 86 half-sib families of pinus koraie... 详细信息

关键词： Pinus koraiensis half-sib families genetic variation selection

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Variation and selection analysis of Pinus koraiensis clones in northeast China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第3期29卷 609-620页

作者： Deyang Liang Changjun Ding Guanghao Zhao Weiwei Leng Min Zhang Xiyang Zhao Guanzheng Qu Longjing Forestry Bureau Longjing 133400JilinPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Research Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryKey Laboratory of Tree Breeding and CultivationState Forestry AdministrationBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China Longjing Forestry Bureau Longjing 133400JilinPeople’s Republic of China The Graduate School of Yanbian University Yanbian 133002People’s Republic of China

Understanding genetic variation is important for efficiently selecting excellent clones and utilizing genetic resources during tree breeding. We investigated 16 growth traits of 50 32-year-old Pinus koraiensis clones. Analyses of variance showed that all the test traits differed significantly among clones. Average height, diameter at breast height(DBH), and volume of all clones were 10.41 m, 21.30 cm,and 0.148 m3, respectively. Phenotypic coefficients of variation and repeatabilities of traits ranged from 4.37 to48.03% and from 0.013 to 0.900, respectively. There exists significant positive correlations among heights, diameter at different heights(1.3, 3.0, 5.0 m), and volumes; genetic correlation was close to phenotype correlation. Using four growth traits(height, DBH, volume, average crown width)as indices for a comprehensive evaluation, five clones(PK11, PK 19, PK 04, PK 14, and PK 28), whose traits scored in the top 10%, were selected as elite clones. For these clones,genetic gains in height, DBH, volume and crown height were 8.58, 13.02, 32.72 and 3.83%, respectively. These results provide important information for improving P.koraiensis breeding programs.

关键词： Genetic variation Replication Selection Pinus koraiensis

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