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pine wilt disease in Yunnan, China： Evidence of non-local pine sawyer Monochamus alternatus （Coleoptera： Cerambycidae） populations revealed by mitochondrial DNA

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Insect Science 2010年第5期17卷 439-447页

作者： Da-Ying Fu Shao-Ji Hu Hui Ye Robert A. Haack Ping-Yang Zhou School of Life Sciences Yunnan University Kunming China USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station 1407 South Harrison Road East Lansing MI 48823 USA Forest diseases and Pest Control ancl Quarantine Station of Dehong Prefecture Luxi Yunnan Province China

Monochamus alternatus （Hope） specimens were collected from nine geographical populations in China, where the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus （Steiner et Buhrer） was present. There were seven populations in southwestern China in Yunnan Province （Ruili, Wanding, Lianghe, Pu＇er, Huaning, Stone Forest and Yongsheng）, one in central China in Hubei Province （Wuhan）, and one in eastern China in Zhejiang Province （Hangzhou）. Twenty-two polymorphic sites were recognized and 18 haplotypes were established by analyzing a 565 bp gene fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II （CO II）. Kimura two-parameter distances demonstrated that M. alternatus populations in Ruili, Wanding and Lianghe （in southwestern Yunnan） differed from the other four Yunnan populations but were similar to the Zhejiang population. No close relationship was found between the M. alternatus populations in Yunnan and Hubei. Phylogenetic reconstruction established a neighbor-joining （N J） tree, which divided haplotypes of southwestern Yunnan and the rest of Yunnan into different clades with considerable bootstrapping values. Analysis of molecular variance and spatial analysis of molecular variance also suggested significant genetic differentiation between M. alternatus populations in southwestern Yunnan and the rest of Yunnan. Our research suggests that non-local populations of M. alternates, possibly from eastern China, have become established in southwestern Yunnan. Key words mitochondrial DNA, non-local vector, pine wilt disease

关键词： mitochondrial DNA non-local vector pine wilt disease

Surveillance of pine wilt disease by high resolution satellite

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1401-1408页

作者： Hongwei Zhou Xinpei Yuan Huanyu Zhou Hengyu Shen Lin Ma Liping Sun Guofei Fang Hong Sun College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China General Station of Forest and Grassland Pest Managerment National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShenyang 110034People’s Republic of China

pine wilt disease caused by the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus has led to the death of a large number of pine trees in *** destructive disease has the characteristics of bring wide-spread,fast onset,and long incubation *** importantly,in China,the fatality rate in pines is as high as 100%.The key to reducing this mortality is how to quickly find the infected *** proposed a method of automatically identifying infected trees by a convolution neural network and bounding box *** method rapidly locates the infected area by classifying and recognizing remote sensing images obtained by high resolution earth observation *** recognition accuracy of the test data set was 99.4%,and the remote sensing image combined with convolution neural network algorithm can identify and determine the distribution of the infected *** can provide strong technical support for the prevention and control of pine wilt disease.

关键词： pine wilt disease Satellite remote sensing image Pest identification Convolution neural network

pine wilt disease: a short review of worldwide research

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Forestry Studies in China 2011年第2期13卷 132-138页

作者： Alexander Yu. RYSS Oleg A. KULINICH Jack R. SUTHERLAND Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences Universitetskaya Embankment Centre of Parasitology A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Victoria British Columbia V8R 5V9

This article summarizes the results of the research papers presented at the International Symposium on pine wilt disease （IUFRO Working Party Meeting 4.04.03） held in July 2009, at Nanjing, China. The general topics covered were on pine wilt disease （PWD）, its causal organism, the pinewood nematode （PWN） Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, plus other PWN-associated microorganisms that play a significant role in PWD such as bacteria （e.g. Pseudomonasfluorescens）. Most of the papers that are reviewed are based on work on PWD-PWN in East Asia and Russia. Specific topics covered include： 1） the fundamental conceptions of PWD development, 2） pathogenicity, 3） host-parasite relationships including the histopathology of diseased conifers and the role of toxins from bacteria-nematode ecto-symbionts, 4） PWN life cycle and transmission, 5） B. xylophilus dissemination models, 6） associations （with other nematodes）, 7） diagnostics, 8） quarantine and control of the PWN and 9） biocontrol of the PWN.

关键词： pine wilt disease pinewood nematodes forestry control Bursaphelenchus Pseudomonas Esteya review

Mathematical modeling approach to the transmission dynamics of pine wilt disease with saturated incidence rate

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第3期11卷 77-96页

作者： Muhammad Altaf Khan Kamil Shaht Yasir Khan Saeed Islam Department of Mathematics City University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25000 Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Haft A1 Batin Hafr Al Batin 31991 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Abdul Wall Khan University Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200 Pakistan

The present paper investigates the dynamics of pine wilt disease with saturated incidence rate. The proposed model is stable both locally and globally. The local stability of the disease-free equilibrium is determined by the basic reproduction R0. The disease-free equilibrium is stable locally and globally whenever R0〈 1. If R0 〉 1, then the endemic state is stable both locally and globally. Further, a brief discussion with conclusion on the numerical results of the proposed model is presented.

关键词： SEIVRS mathematical model pine wilt disease stability analysis numerical simulation.

Early detection of pine wilt disease in Pinus tabuliformis in North China using a field portable spectrometer and UAV-based hyperspectral imagery

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 583-601页

作者： Run Yu Lili Ren Youqing Luo Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control College of ForestryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Invasive Forest Pests in Eurasia Beijing Forestry University—French National Research Institute for AgricultureFood and Environment(INRAE)Beijing 100083China

Background:pine wilt disease(PWD)is a major ecological concern in China that has caused severe damage to millions of Chinese pines(Pinus tabulaeformis).To control the spread of PWD,it is necessary to develop an effective approach to detect its presence in the early stage of *** potential solution is the use of Unmanned Airborne Vehicle(UAV)based hyperspectral images(HIs).UAV-based HIs have high spatial and spectral resolution and can gather data rapidly,potentially enabling the effective monitoring of large *** this,few studies examine the feasibility of HI data use in assessing the stage and severity of PWD infection in Chinese ***:To fill this gap,we used a Random Forest(RF)algorithm to estimate the stage of PWD infection of trees sampled using UAV-based HI data and ground-based data(data directly collected from trees in the field).We compared relative accuracy of each of these data collection *** built our RF model using vegetation indices(VIs),red edge parameters(REPs),moisture indices(MIs),and their ***:We report several key *** ground data,the model that combined all parameters(OA:80.17%,Kappa:0.73)performed better than VIs(OA:75.21%,Kappa:0.66),REPs(OA:79.34%,Kappa:0.67),and MIs(OA:74.38%,Kappa:0.65)in predicting the PWD stage of individual pine tree *** had the highest accuracy(OA:80.33%,Kappa:0.58)in distinguishing trees at the early stage of PWD from healthy ***-based HI data yielded similar results:the model combined VIs,REPs and MIs(OA:74.38%,Kappa:0.66)exhibited the highest accuracy in estimating the PWD stage of sampled trees,and REPs performed best in distinguishing healthy trees from trees at early stage of PWD(OA:71.67%,Kappa:0.40).Conclusion:Overall,our results confirm the validity of using HI data to identify pine trees infected with PWD in its early stage,although its accuracy must be improved before widespread use is *** also show UAV-based data PWD classifica

关键词： pine wilt disease Remote sensing Spectrometer Hyperspectral imaging Random forest Classification

Detection of the pine wilt disease Tree Candidates for Drone Remote Sensing Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques

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Engineering 2020年第8期6卷 919-926页

作者： Mutiara Syifa Sung-Jae Park Chang-Wook Lee Division of Science Education Kangwon National UniversityGangwon-do 24341Republic of Korea

pine wilt disease(PWD)has recently caused substantial pine tree losses in Republic of *** is considered a severe problem due to the importance of pine trees to Korean people,so this problem must be handled ***,we examined the history of PWD and found that it had already spread to some regions of Republic of Korea;these became our study *** detection of PWD is *** used drone remote sensing techniques to detect trees with similar symptoms to trees infected with *** remote sensing was employed because it yields high-quality images and can easily reach the locations of pine *** differentiate healthy pine trees from those with PWD,we produced a land cover(LC)map from drone images collected from the villages of Anbi and Wonchang by classifying them using two classifier methods,i.e.,artificial neural network(ANN)and support vector machine(SVM).Furthermore,compared the accuracy of two types of Global Positioning System(GPS)data,collected using drone and hand-held devices,for identifying the locations of trees with *** then divided the drone images into six LC classes for each study area and found that the SVM was more accurate than the ANN at classifying trees with *** Anbi,the SVM had an overall accuracy of 94.13%,which is 6.7%higher than the overall accuracy of the ANN,which was 87.43%.We obtained similar results in Wonchang,for which the accuracy of the SVM and ANN was 86.59%and 79.33%,*** terms of the GPS data,we used two type of hand-held GPS *** device 1 is corrected by referring to the benchmarks sited on both locations,while the GPS device 2 is uncorrected device which used the default setting of the GPS *** data collected from hand-held GPS device 1 was better than those collected using hand-held GPS device 2 in ***,in Anbi,we obtained better results from GPS device 2 than from GPS device *** Anbi,the error in the data from GPS device 1 was 7.08 m,while that of the GPS

关键词： pine wilt disease Drone remote sensing Artificial neural network Support vector machine Global positioning system

Pulse Roguing Strategy in a pine wilt disease Epidemic Model with General Nonlinear Incidence Rate

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2020年第12期8卷 2943-2953页

作者： Quanben Sun Wugui Chen Zhicai Guo Weiwei Ji Jianping Wang The Department of Basic Course Education Ji’an College Ji’an China

In this study, we investigate a pine wilt transmission model with general nonlinear incidence rates and time-varying pulse roguing. Using the stroboscopic map and comparison theorem, we proved that the disease-free equilibrium is global attractive determined by the basic reproduction number R1 disease uniformly persists only if R2 > 1.

关键词： pine wilt disease Pulse Roguing General Nonlinear Incidence Permanence

Early Monitoring of pine wilt disease in Pinus massioniana based on Hyperspectral Data

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Plant diseases and Pests 2015年第4期6卷 1-5页

作者： Pan Jie Zhang Heng Ju Yunwei Liao Zhenfeng Nanjing Forestry University

We selected healthy Pinus massioniana for pine wood nematode inoculation experiments to get the spectral reflectance of healthy and infected Pinus mas- sioniana in different infection stages via a ground spectrometer （ wavelength in 350 - 2 500 nm）, and analyzed the changes in chlorophyll content at various periods. The original spectral reflectance of healthy and infected P. massoniana was significantly different in the middle and late infection stages, and the reflection peak and absorption valley in visible light region and near infrared region gradually weakened and even disappeared to a straight line. There was significant correlation rela- tionship between chlorophyll content of infected plants and spectral reflectance at the wavelength of 1 405 nm, and the quantitative inversion model of chlorophyll content was correspondingly established as follows： Car = - 1.74（X1~ ）2 ＋ 4. 72X1,~ - 0. 76. Through first-order derivative spectra at the wavelength of 593 nm, combined with quantitative inversion of the corresponding chlorophyll content, we can discriminate whether P. massoniana is infected by pine lt disease or not, especially in the early stages before disease features are visible to the naked eyes it has a good quantitative monitoring effect.

关键词： Pinto masson/ana pine wilt disease Hyperspeetral data Chlorophyll Early monitoring

Theory and Practice of Controlling and Extinguishing pine wilt disease

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第2期18卷 332-343页

作者：来燕学浙江省宁波市森林病虫防治检疫站浙江宁波315012

[Objective] This study was aimed to review the controlling experience of pine wilt disease in the past 25 years, explore the theories and methods of controlling pine wilt disease, and improve the scientific level of controlling techniques and the protection capacity of healthy pine trees. [Method] Eleven items of effects were used to refine the theory of clearing dead pine trees affected by pine wilt disease, namely, ＂1 priority＂, ＂2 objections＂, ＂3 principles＂, ＂4 measures＂, and ＂5 manage- ments＂. On the basis of comprehensive control and complete removal of the infect- ed pine trees, a variety of comprehensive and efficient controlling methods were developed to carry out targeted chemical ecology trapping, bionic pesticide killing and releasing natural enemies of Sclerodermus guani, Dastarcus helophoroides. High ef- ficient emamectin benzoate immune injection was developed to inject the healthy pine trees for prevention, so as to extinguish the pine wilt disease. [Result] The pine wilt disease dropped from the peak of 3.5 million dead trees with an infecting area of 28 273 hectares in 1999 to 0.068 million with an area of 4 333 hectares in 2012 gradually, reducing by 98.06% in number and 84.84% in area, respectively. On the basis of removal, Dastarcus helophoroides was also released, which could make the number of dead pines decrease more significantly than the control, and af- ter releasing for 5 consecutive years, the dead pine trees dropped to 0.511 plant/hm2 in 2012, with a mortality rate of 0.022 7%, which achieved the control effect, reaching extremely significant level. ＂Forest land removal＋infected trees isolation＋natural enemy release＂ could extinguish the pine wilt disease. The test of isolating 24 heaps of infected pine trees showed that there were 9 heaps of pine trees extinguished the pine wilt disease, which controlled the occurrence of pine wilt disease for 100%, accounting for 37.5% of the total, in which the number of those isolated using iron net

关键词： pine wilt disease pine wood resources Control Extinguish