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Hypoglycemic and High Dosage Effects of Bidens pilosain Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2015年第3期5卷 146-154页

作者： Mulkah O. Ajagun-Ogunleye Michael Tirwomwe Ruth Nyaboke Mitaki John Nnamdi Ejekwumadu Keneth Iceland Kasozi Julia Pantoglou Elvis Ngala Mbiydzenyuy Nancy Bonareri Mitaki Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Kampala International University Western Campus Bushenyi Uganda Institute of Biomedical Research Kampala International University Western Campus Bushenyi Uganda Department of Physiology Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Kampala International University Western Campus Bushenyi Uganda Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany

Ethno-pharmaceutical products have received a lot of international attention in the scientific community in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM). In this study we determined the anti-diabetic and high dosage effects of Bidens pliosa in type 1 DM (T1DM). Methodology: Thirty rats were divided into six groups and subgrouped into the extract and non extract treatment groups. The extract treated group was subdivided into three groups which received 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/ kg and 800 mg/kg dosage treatments respectively. The blood glucose levels were monitored using a standard glucometer for one month, and biochemical analysis of the two liver function enzymes;Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were carried out at the Institute of Biomedical Research (IBR-KIU-WC) at the end of week IV. The study revealed that Bidens pilosa maintained hypoglycemia for a period of two weeks and this status was lost in subsequent weeks. T1DM rats treated with a dosage of 200 mg/kg showed a better recovery (355.25 - 164.5 mg/dl) of the glucose levels, followed by those that were being treated at 400 mg/kg. The AST and ALT enzymes in blood varied with a mean ± SEM (33.72 ± 32.32 to -7.23 ± 12.61 IU and 22.98 ± 11.12 to 42 ± 38.2 IU, respectively) in both the glibencimide? and in the 800 mg/ kg treatment groups in the study. High dosages of extract were associated (P = 0.049) with increased systemic enzyme leakage. In conclusion, tissue degeneration caused by high levels of the extract was accompanied by leakage of various enzymes (AST and ALT) into the blood, which could be a major etiological factor for the development of secondary systemic pathologies, thus potentially worsening the effects of an existing T1DM prognosis in human patients. The preliminary results indicate that a dose of Bidens pilosa has an anti-diabetic effect for a limited initial duration before starting to cause systemic toxicological effects. It is highly recommended that further investiga

关键词： Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Bidens pilosa and Diabetes Ethno-Pharmaceutical Medicine in Uganda Sub-Saharan Africa and Diabetes

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In vitro Antibacterial Efficacy of Bidens pilosa, Ageratum conyzoidesand Ocimum suaveExtracts against HIV/AIDS Patients’ Oral Bacteria in South-Western Uganda

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2017年第9期8卷 306-323页

作者： Joseph Obiezu Chukwujekwu Ezeonwumelu Muhammad Ntale Steve Okwudili Ogbonnia Ezera Agwu Julius Kihdze Tanayen Keneth Iceland Kasozi Chukwudi Onyeka Okonkwo Anthonia Shodunke Ambrose Amamchukwu Akunne Onokiojare Ephraim Dafiewhare Jennifer Chibuogwu Ebosie Frederick Byarugaba Department of Pharmacy Faculty of MedicineMbarara University of Science and TechnologyMbararaUganda Department of Clinical and Biopharmacy School of PharmacyKampala International University Western CampusIshakaUganda Kampala International University Complementary and Alternative Medicine Research(KIUCAMRES)Group IshakaUganda Department of Chemistry Makerere UniversityKampalaUganda Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LagosLagosNigeria Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biomedical SciencesKampala International University Western CampusIshakaUganda Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineMbarara University of Science and TechnologyMbararaUganda Department of Physiology Faculty of Biomedical SciencesKampala International University Western CampusIshakaUganda Department of Human Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineNnewi CampusNnamdi Azikiwe UniversityNnewiNigeria Department of Public Health Faculty of Applied SciencesBishop Stuart UniversityMbararaUganda Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineMbarara University of Science and TechnologyMbararaUganda Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of KabaleKabaleUganda

The objective of the study was to determine the antibacterial efficacy of Bidens pilosa Aqueous (BPA), Bidens pilosa Ethanolic (BPE), Ageratum conyzoides Aqueous (ACA), Ageratum conyzoides Ethanolic (ACE), Ocimum suave Aqueous (OSA) and Ocimum suave Ethanolic (OSE) extracts on HIV/AIDS patients’ oral bacteria. Healthy green leaves of the plants were collected in Ishaka Uganda, processed and portions separately extracted with hot distilled water and cold ethanol. The susceptibility, MIC and MBC of each extract were determined using standard protocols. The bacteria had significant (p Bidens pilosa, Ageratum conyzoides and Ocimum suave on oral lesions of HIV/AIDS patients made by traditional healers and local people in South-Western Uganda. We recommend a detailed study of structural identities and activities of the active antibacterial principle(s) in these plants for possible new drug entities and verification of the interactive effects of the principle(s) with ARVs and cotrimoxazole used daily by HIV/AIDS patients.

关键词： Antibacterial Efficacy Bidens pilosa Ageratum Conyzoides Ocimum Suave Oral Bacteria HIV/AIDS Uganda

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Analgesic Appraisal of Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae) Leaf Extracts Used in Management of Oral Lesion Pain in HIV/AIDS Patients in Rodents

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第6期9卷 175-192页

作者： Joseph Obiezu Chukwujekwu Ezeonwumelu Muhammad Ntale Steve Okwudili Ogbonnia Ezera Agwu Julius Kihdze Tanayen Ahmed Adebowale Adedeji Chukwudi Onyeka Okonkwo Ambrose Amamchukwu Akunne Jennifer Chibuogwu Ebosie Frederick Byarugaba Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda Department of Clinical and Biopharmacy School of Pharmacy Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka Uganda Kampala International University Complementary and Alternative Medicine Research (KIUCAMRES) Group Ishaka Uganda Department of Public Health Faculty of Applied Sciences Bishop Stuart University Mbarara Uganda Department of Chemistry Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Uli Anambra State Nigeria Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka Uganda Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of Kabale Kabale Uganda Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mba-rara Uganda Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmacy Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka Uganda Department of Pharmacology University of Gitwe Gitwe Rwanda Department of Human Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine Nnewi Campus Nnamdi Azikiwe University Nnewi Nigeria Department of Clinical and Biopharmacy School of Pharmacy Kampala International University Western Campus Ishaka Uganda Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda

Oral lesions, diarrhoea, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, tuberculosis and urinary tract infections are some of the opportunistic infections (OIs) which arise when the CD4 cells of the HIV/AIDS patient fall below 200 cells/mm3. HIV/AIDS infection complications include tissue damage from oral lesions accompanied with pains. Pain is a disagreeable sensory and sensitive experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. This condition requires immediate treatment with analgesics and antibiotics. However, the inability of rural dwellers to afford readily available drugs is a consequence for using herbs like Bidens pilosa whose local usefulness in the management of oral lesions of HIV/AIDS has not been proven scientifically. Therefore, the objective of this study was to provide the scientific basis in rats for the traditional healers’ use of Bidens pilosa leaves’ extracts in managing pain associated with oral lesions of HIV/AIDS patients in South Western Uganda. Assessment of the analgesic effects of Bidens pilosa was conducted using acetic acid in mice, formalin-induced pain and tail flick methods in rats. Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Bidens pilosa produced statistically significant dose dependent inhibition of acetic acid induced pain, non dose dependent pain reduction in formalin induced pain, (p pilosa have an analgesic basis for their local use in treatment of oral lesions associated pain in HIV/AIDS patients in South-Western Uganda.

关键词： Local Use Bidens pilosa Pain Oral Lesion HIV/AIDS Rodents

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6种化感物质对鬼针草种子萌发及根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

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草地学报 2014年第1期22卷 166-174页

作者：赵锐明郭凤霞赵庆芳回嵘吴清韩马瑞君甘肃农业大学甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室植物生产类实验教学中心甘肃兰州730070 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院甘肃兰州730070 西北师范大学生命科学学院甘肃兰州730070 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站甘肃兰州730000 韩山师范学院生物系广东潮州521041

研究不同浓度阿魏酸、香草酸、槲皮黄素、木樨草素、茶碱和可可碱对鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)种子萌发、幼苗生长及根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响,以期筛选出安全有效的植物源除草剂。结果表明:除阿魏酸之外,其余5种化感物质对鬼针草种子萌发... 详细信息

研究不同浓度阿魏酸、香草酸、槲皮黄素、木樨草素、茶碱和可可碱对鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)种子萌发、幼苗生长及根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响,以期筛选出安全有效的植物源除草剂。结果表明:除阿魏酸之外,其余5种化感物质对鬼针草种子萌发的抑制作用随浓度增大而增强。在1 mmol·L^(-1)处理下,6种化感物质对鬼针草种子萌发的抑制作用最强,化感综合效应指数分别为-0.929,-0.912,-0.889,-0.995,-0.959和-0.995;除木樨草素和可可碱外,其余4种化感物质在低浓度时促进幼苗生长,高浓度时抑制幼苗生长。在1 mmol·L^(-1)处理下,6种化感物质对鬼针草幼苗生长的抑制作用最强;除木樨草素和可可碱外,其余4种化感物质在低浓度下有丝分裂指数增大,随着浓度增大有丝分裂指数降低,同时分裂中期细胞增多,后-末期细胞减少。这表明,较高浓度的香草酸、槲皮黄素和茶碱对鬼针草种子萌发、幼苗生长和根尖细胞有丝分裂有较强的抑制作用,是筛选植物源除草剂的重要资源。

关键词：化感物质鬼针草种子萌发幼苗生长有丝分裂 Bidens pilosa L

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入侵植物肿柄菊对三叶鬼针草的化感作用

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生态环境学报 2015年第7期24卷 1128-1131页

作者：田学军沈云玫陶宏征沈登荣何超红河学院生物系云南蒙自661100 红河学院农学系云南蒙自661100

肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifolia ***)和三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)同属菊科外来入侵植物。采用培养皿培养法用前者不同含量(0.8%,1.6%,2.4%,3.2%)的叶片提取液胁迫处理后者的种子和幼苗,通过测定后者种子活力及幼苗生长量、抗氧化酶... 详细信息

肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifolia ***)和三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)同属菊科外来入侵植物。采用培养皿培养法用前者不同含量(0.8%,1.6%,2.4%,3.2%)的叶片提取液胁迫处理后者的种子和幼苗,通过测定后者种子活力及幼苗生长量、抗氧化酶活性和细胞膜透性,探讨肿柄菊对三叶鬼针草的化感作用,进而为前者用于后者防控提供理论依据。结果表明,随着肿柄菊叶片提取液含量的提高,三叶鬼针草种子发芽指数和种子活力及幼苗生长量逐渐下降,化感效应指数小于0;相对电导率逐渐提高,幼苗细胞膜的完整性下降;而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性则随之提高,化感效应指数大于0。肿柄菊叶提取含量达3.2%时,鬼针草种子发芽指数、活力指数和幼苗生长量仅分别为对照的25.7%、2.1%和9.4%。对照的SOD、CAT和POD活性分别为68.3±2.3、0.6±0.0和0.5±0.1,而提取液含量3.2%时则分别为117.2±3.2、1.2±0.1和0.9±0.2。显然,肿柄菊对鬼针草产生强烈化感作用,且随浓度的增加而加强。

关键词：肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifoliaA. Gray) 三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.) 入侵植物化感效应种子活力抗氧化酶细胞膜透性 Bidens pilosa L.

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Experimental Study on the Protection of Agrimony Extracts from Different Extracting Methods against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2017年第4期32卷 239-247页

作者： Huiyuan Zhu Yulong Bie Jiang Wang Jing Gao Bingyue Yang Haitong Wan Department of Basic Medicine Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang Shaanxi 712046 China Department of Pharmacy Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang Shaanxi 712046 China Institute of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 China

Objective To study the protective effect of agrimony extracts from different extracting methods on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, in order to optimize the extraction scheme of *** Male rats were randomly assigned into seven groups: 1. Sham-operated group, 2. Untreated MCAO group (MCAO), 3. Petroleum ether extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (PEA), 4. Ethyl acetate extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (EAEA), 5. Ethanol extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (EEA), 6. Water extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (WEA), 7. Nimodipine treated MCAO group (NP). Intragastrical drug administration (i.g) was performed at 0 and 6 hours after *** function tests were performed after reperfusion for 24 hours, then the brain was removed for the evaluations of the cerebral infarction volume (percentage of total brain volume) by immunohistochemistry,histological changes (hematoxylin-eosin staining), Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase (modified method of Svoboda and Mosinger), mRNA expression of Tumor suppressor gene (P53) and hot shock protein (HSP70)(quantitative real-time PCR).Results The neurological function of MCAO group had significantly higher scores than the sham group (P<0.01). The WEA group showed a significantly lower neurological score than the MCAO group (P<0.05),indicating the protective effect of WEA on neurological deficits. The mean infarction volumes of WEA (13.5±6.6%, F=4.75, P<0.01), EEA (19.90±6.90%, F=5.23, P<0.01), PEA (20.40±5.30%, F=4.68,P<0.01) and EAEA (22.50±10.50%, F=6.25, P<0.05) group were all significantly smaller than that of MCAO group (29.40±6.50%). HE staining demonstrated that, compared to the treated groups, the infarcted cerebral tissue of MCAO group had more swelling neural cells, lighter stained nucleus, fewer and irregularly distributed neurons. The activity of Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase reduced in the MCAO group (3.67±0.48 U/mg,1.28±0.26 U/mg, respectively), and wer

关键词： Agrimonia pilosa middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) energy metabolism ischemia-reperfusion injury rat

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Proximate analysis: Relative feed values of various forage plants for ruminants investigated in a semi-arid region of Punjab, Pakistan

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 302-308页

作者： Kafeel Ahmed Muneeba Shaheen Farhad Mirzaei Zafar Iqbal Khan Sumaira Gondal Asia Fardous Abrar Hussain Fahim Arshad Tahir Mehmood Department of Biological Sciences University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Department of Botany University of Education Okara Campus Okara Pakistan Department of Statistics University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Livestock Production Management Department Animal Science Research Institute of Iran Karaj Iran Science and Technology Division University of Education Township Campus Lahore Pakistan

The experimental site “Sial Morr Sugar mill, District Sargodha” Punjab, Pakistan was selected to carry out present investigation. The forage samples of Eragrostis pilosa, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Parthenium hysterophorus and Calotropis procera were collected from the three sites held in this area. The forage samples were cleaned with distilled water to rinse dust particles and other impurities. These forage samples were air dried, oven dried and ground for the assessment of proximate analysis. Proximate analysis procedures including the percentage of moisture content, crude protein, ash contents and crude fiber in the sample were determined by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods. The CP contents among different plant species ranged from 8.1% to 26.2% at all sites. The lowest CP value was found in Eragrostis pilosa at site III while the highest CP contents in Dactyloctenium aegyptium at site II. The CP content showed significant (p pilosa. The differences between ash contents of various plant species were significant (p < 0.05) at all sampling site. Generally, the ash contents were higher at site II. Crude fiber contents differed significantly (p Parthenium hysterophorus had greater crude fiber contents at site II while the low

关键词： Eragrostis pilosa Dactyloctenium aegyptium Parthenium hysterophorus Calotropis procera Nutritional Values Proximate Contents

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