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A review of physicochemical and biological contaminants in drinking water and their impacts on human health

Water Science and Engineering 2023年第4期16卷 333-344页

作者： Ahsan Shah Arun Arjunan Ahmad Baroutaji Julia Zakharova School of Engineering Computing and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of WolverhamptonWolverhamptonWV11LYUnited Kingdom School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston UniversityAston TriangleBirminghamB47ETUnited Kingdom School of Architecture and Built Environment University of WolverhamptonWolverhamptonWV11LYUnited Kingdom

Clean drinking water is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development *** significant progress in the water purification technology,many regions still lack access to clean *** paper provides a review of selected water contaminants and their impacts on human *** World Health Organization(WHO)guidelines and regional standards for key contaminants were used to characterise water quality in the European Union and *** concept of safe drinking water was explained based on the non-observed adverse effect level,threshold concentrations for toxic chemicals,and their total daily *** techniques for monitoring water contaminants and the drinking water standards from five different countries,including the UK,USA,Canada,Pakistan and India,were compared to WHO recommended *** literature on actual water quality in these regions and its potential health impacts was also ***,the role of public water suppliers in identifying and monitoring drinking water contaminants in selected developed countries was presented as a potential guideline for developing *** review emphasised the need for a comprehensive understanding of water quality and its impacts on human health to ensure access to clean drinking water worldwide.

关键词： Drinking water contaminants physicochemical contaminants Biological contaminants Human health risks Waterborne diseases Water quality Public health concerns Water treatment

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Characterization of Four University Hospitals Wastewater in Cotonou, Benin

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第4期11卷 402-419页

作者： Ghislain Emmanuel Sopoh Cyriaque Degbey Judicaël Todedji Fidèle Suanon Arouna Yessoufou Justin Somadje Ferdinand Goudjo Jean Wilfried Hounfodji Daouda Mama Regional Institute of Public Health Department of Environmental Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin University Clinic of Hospital Hygiene National University Hospital Center Hubert Koutoukou Maga Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Applied Hydrology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Environment Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Because of the specificity of their care activities, hospital wastewater contains various contaminants such as germs, disinfectants, metals, pharmaceuticals and chemical reagents, potentially infectious or toxic, which can be harmful to living organisms, or create ecological damage. This study aimed to analyze the quality of wastewaters produced by university hospitals of Cotonou in Benin. Methods: We conduct an analytical cross-sectional study including 30 wastewater samples from selected hospitals. An analysis of variance was performed at the significance level of 0.05. Results: Microbiological analysis showed the presence of germs such as total coliform types, faecal coliforms, fecal streptococcus, staphylococcus, yeasts and Clostridium perfringens in hospital wastewater samples. There was a significant difference (p physicochemical parameters, only the conductivity complied with the standards for the discharge of wastewater into the environment. A significant difference was noted between hospitals, for the electrical conductivity of wastewater (p Conclusion: The wastewater produced by the university hospitals of Cotonou is of poor quality and therefore requires adequate prior treatment before discharge into the environment.

关键词： Germs physicochemical contaminants Hospital Wastewater Risks Benin

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