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Recovery and Upgrading of Phosphorus from Digested Sewage Sludge as MAP by physical separation Techniques

Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第6期7卷 816-824页

作者： Tsuyoshi Hirajima Takao Hagino Mia Kose Mohsen Farahat Keiko Sasaki Department of Earth Resources Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan SWING Corporation Fujisawa Japan LIXIL Corporation Chita Japan Central Metallurgical Research & Development Institute Helwan Egypt

physical separation apparatuses;a vibrating screen, a 4-inch hydrocyclone and a Multi-Gravity Separator (MGS) were used to recover phosphorus as MAP (magnesium ammonium phosphate, MgNH4PO4.6H2O) from anaerobic digested sludge of two sewage-treatment plants A and B. For plant A, the MAP grade increased from 0.08% to 88.9% with 90.4% recovery and for plant B, the grade increased from 0.11% to 73.8 with 93.2% recovery. The collected MAP products containing impurities such as organic materials and heavy metals were further upgraded through dry and wet magnetic separation tests at different magnetic flux densities. A dry magnetic separator was tested on both MAP products (MAP-A and MAP-B), while the wet magnetic separation process was exclusively experimented for the removal of impurities from MAP-B. Feed samples, as well as magnetic and nonmagnetic products were analyzed by absorption spectroscopy, XRD, ICP-AES, polarizing microscope observation, and SEM-EDX. The grade of MAP products could be improved by about 4% - 9% after magnetic separation (the most appropriate magnetic force being 15,000 Gauss). During both dry and wet magnetic separation processes, not only heavy metals have been removed, but also nonmagnetic constituents like Al, Ba, and Ca. This may be attributed to the attachment of fine magnetic particles on the nonmagnetic surfaces, rendering them magnetic properties.

关键词： Phosphorus Recovery Sewage Sludge MAP physical separation Removal of Heavy Metals

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Microfluidic methods for cell separation and subsequent analysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第3期33卷 1180-1192页

作者： Tianyou Chen Chunxia Huang Yanran Wang Jing Wu School of Science China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Cell is the most basic unit of the morphological structure and life activity of an organism. Learning the composition, structure and function of cells, exploring the life activities of cells and studying the interaction between cells are of great significance for human cognition and control of the life activities of organisms. Therefore, rapid, convenient, inexpensive, high-precision and reliable methods of cell separation and analysis are being developed to obtain accurate information for the study of cytology and *** chip is a new emerging technology in recent years. It has a micromanufacturing structure,which can not only realize the precise space-time control of fluid and cells, but also reproduces the threedimensional dynamic microenvironment of cell growth in the body. In addition, the microfluidic chip has unique microphysical properties and facilitates the integration of microdevices, which provides the possibility of real-time monitoring, continuous culture, separation and enrichment, and even in situ analysis of cells. In this review, we summarized recent advances in the development of different techniques for cell isolation and analysis on microfluidic platforms. Focus was put on biochemical and physical methods for cell separation on microfluidic chips. Subsequent cell analysis depending on fluorescence, Raman, cytomicroscopic imaging, mass spectrometry and electrochemical methods also was remarked. Through analyzing and learning the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies, we hope that microfluidic chips will continue to be improved and expanded for medical and clinical applications.

关键词： Microfluidic Cell separation Biochemical separation physical separation Cell analysis

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Cleaning of Marine Sediment Samples for Large Diatom Stable Isotope Analysis

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Journal of Earth Science 2012年第2期23卷 161-172页

作者：熊志方李铁刚 Xavier Crosta Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences UMR-CNRS 5805 EPOC UniversitéBordeaux 1Avenue des Facultés

Diatom stable isotope analysis offers considerable potential in palaeoceanography, par-ticularly where carbonate material is scarce or absent. However, extracting pure diatom frustules free of external labile organic matter from marine sediments is an essential requirement for their applica-tions as paleoenvironmental proxies. Here, based largely on previous work, we developed a method in-cluding physical separation and chemical oxidation steps to concentrate and clean pure large diatoms from laminated diatom mat and diatomaceous clay sediment samples for their stable isotope analysis. Using the physical separation techniques consisting of the removal of carbonate and excess organic matter, sieving, differential settling, and heavy liquid floatation, pure diatoms can be successfully iso-lated from the sediment samples with opal concentration more than 10%. Subsequent time oxidation experiment shows that labile organic matter coating pure diatom valves can be effectively removed with 30% H2O2 at 65 ℃ for 2 h. Measurements of δ13C after every step of physical separation demonstrate that contaminants and lost diatoms can influence the original diatom stable isotope signal, highlighting the importance of a visual check for dominant diatom size in the initial sample and purity in the final sample. Although the protocol described here was only applied to diatom mats or diatom oozes con-taining large diatoms （Ethmodiscus rex）, we believe that this method can be adapted to common dia-toms of general marine sediment samples.

关键词： large diatom stable isotope physical separation chemical oxidation Parece Vela basin palaeoceanography.

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Recent developments in asphalt-aggregate separation technology for reclaimed asphalt pavement

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Journal of Road Engineering 2022年第4期2卷 332-347页

作者： Decheng Feng Jiwei Cao Libo Gao Junyan Yi School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Liaoning Provincial Transportation Investment Group Co. Ltd.Shenyang 110166China Liaoning Transportation Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenyang 110000China

Reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP)has significant recycling value because it contains nonrenewable resources including asphalt and ***,thus far,only a small part of RAP materials can be used in the con-struction of recycled asphalt pavement,and the usage is regarded as a low-value utilization in the underlying *** of the most important reasons for this shortcoming is the problem of false particle size and pseudo gradation of RAP ***,identifying suitable asphalt-aggregate separation technology is essential for improving the utilization of RAP materials in recycled asphalt mixture and enhancing the construction quality of recycled asphalt *** address this,the paper performed a systematic review of asphalt-aggregate separation technologies for processing RAP materials and their ***,based on the composition of the asphalt mixture and the characteristics of RAP materials after aging,the key RAP separation technologies were ***,the concept,principle,and implementation methods of physical,chemical,and biological sep-aration methods of RAP materials were comprehensively ***,the advantages and disadvantages of various separation technologies were discussed by comparing them with the related technologies in the petrochemical *** application prospects of various asphalt-aggregate separation methods for RAP materials can provide a reference for upgrading and expanding solid waste recycling technology for asphalt pavement.

关键词： Road engineering Reclaimed asphalt pavement Asphalt-aggregate separation physical separation Chemical separation Biological separation

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