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physical features and analysis of traditional mosques:the case of Quzzat quarter of Herat Old City,Afghanistan

Built Heritage 2023年第3期7卷 1-17页

作者： Ghulam Mohammad Asim Hajime Shimizu Faculty of Engineering and Science The University of the Ryukyus1 Aza-SenbaruNishihara-ChoNakagami-GunOkinawa903-0213Japan

This study examines the physical features of traditional mosques in the Quzzat(Bardrani)quarter of Herat Old City,Afghanistan.Traditional mosques are constructed with locally available materials and are planned based on cultural and climatic conditions.Mosques are categorised as modern or traditional.Traditional mosques are divided into three subcategories:preserved,damaged(defaced),and transformed.Transformed mosques are formerly traditional mosques reconstructed with modern or industrial materials(concrete and reinforcement).This study explores the distribution of mosques and analyses their plan typology.Mosques are categorised into five plan types,and three relative case studies are described in detail to provide a better understanding and an in-depth analysis of mosque typology.

关键词： physical features Spatial and architectural analyses Traditional mosques Built heritage conservation Herat Old City Afghanistan

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Identification of homogeneous regions in the Pearl River Delta using a physically-based approach

Identification of homogeneous regions in the Pearl River Del...

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中国水利学会2021学术年会

作者：唐亦汉 Xue-zhi Tan Pei-yi Li Cheng-jia Su Xiao-hong Chen Guangdong Research Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Hydropower Planning and Design Institute

The increasing risk of flood in deltas calls for more reliable estimates of design flood levels. Applying a unified probability density function（PDF） for a whole delta area ignores the hydrodynamic diversity, and flood zones, where the flood level distributions in different spots are identical, need to be defined. A methodology to define flood zones, which considers the physical features of flood, has been proposed and applied in the Pearl River Delta（PRD）, Southern China. Results show that the flood zones defined solely according to the statistical characteristics are inapplicable for the spots that share similar statistical features but different driving forces of flood generation, es-pecially in spots where the river network density is high and unevenly distributed. The methodology proposed can solve this problem. Three flood zones are detected in the PRD area: Zone A is over 60 km away from the delta out-lets;Zone B is between 25 km and 60 km and Zone C is within 25 km towards the delta outlets. If one unified PDF is applied in the whole PRD, the overestimation of a 100-year design flood level Zone A can reach up to 0. 77 m. This research presents a sample to identify flood zones in a delta where the river network density is high, and the floods are induced by the interaction of river floods and tides.

关键词： Flood zone physical features design flood level estimation dense river network Pearl River Delta

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