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physical layer security for UAV Communications:A Comprehensive Survey

China Communications 2022年第9期19卷 77-115页

作者： Jue Wang Xuanxuan Wang Ruifeng Gao Chengleyang Lei Wei Feng Ning Ge Shi Jin Tony Q.S.Quek School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226109China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology Beijing 100041China School of Transportation and Civil Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226109China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Nantong Research Institute for Advanced Communication Technologies Nantong 226109China

Due to its high mobility and flexible deployment,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)is drawing unprecedented interest in both military and civil applications to enable agile and ubiquitous *** operating in an open environment,UAV communications benefit from dominant line-of-sight links;however,this on the other hand renders the communications more vulnerable to malicious ***,physical layer security(PLS)has been introduced to UAV systems as an important complement to the conventional cryptography-based *** this paper,a comprehensive survey on the current achievements of UAV-PLS is *** first introduce the basic concepts including typical static/-mobile UAV deployment scenarios,the unique air-toground channel and aerial nodes distribution models,as well as various roles that a UAV may act when PLS is ***,we start by reviewing the secrecy performance analysis and enhancing techniques for statically deployed UAV systems,and extend the discussion to the more general scenario where the UAVs’mobility is further *** both cases,respectively,we summarize the commonly adopted methodologies,then describe important works in the litera ture in ***,potential research directions and challenges are discussed to provide an outlook for future works in the area of UAV-PLS.

关键词： physical layer security UAV communications static/mobile UAV deployment air-to-ground channel trajectory optimization

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physical layer security in multi-antenna cognitive heterogeneous cellular networks: a unified secrecy performance analysis

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第2期61卷 149-163页

作者： Xiaohui QI Kaizhi HUANG Bin LI Liang JIN Xinsheng JI National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological Research Center School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology

Cognitive heterogeneous cellular networks(CHCNs) are emerging as a promising approach to next-generation wireless communications owing to their seamless coverage and high network *** this paper, we describe our reliance on multi-antenna technology and a secrecy transmission protocol to ensure the reliability and security of downlink underlay CHCNs. First, we introduce a two-tier CHCN model using a stochastic geometry framework, and derive the probability distribution of the indicator function for a secrecy transmission scheme. We then investigate the connection outage probability, secrecy outage probability(SOP), and transmission SOP of both primary and cognitive users under a secrecy guard scheme and a threshold-based scheme. Furthermore, we reveal some insights into the secrecy performance by properly setting the predetermined access threshold and the radius of detection region for the secrecy transmission scheme. Finally, simulation results are provided to show the influence of the antenna system, eavesdropper density, predetermined access threshold, and radius of the detection region on the reliability and security performance of a CHCN.

关键词： cognitive heterogeneous cellular network physical layer security secrecy guard scheme threshold-based scheme multi-antenna technique

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physical layer security via maximal ratio combining and relay selection over Rayleigh fading channels

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第6期59卷 167-176页

作者： Bin ZHONG Minggang WU Tong LI Zhongshan ZHANG School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Beijing Engineering and Technology Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services University of Science and Technology Beijing

In this paper, the impact of both maximal ratio combining(MRC) and relay selection on the physical layer security in wireless communication systems is investigated by analyzing critical issues such as the probability characteristics of the legitimate receiver(Bob) and malicious eavesdropper(Eve)’s end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), the secrecy outage probability and the average secrecy channel capacity over Rayleigh fading Channel, etc. Unlike the conventional physical layer security schemes, we assume that Bob receives its data from both the relay and the source via cooperative relay, provided that MRC is employed at the ***, compared to the conventional MRC methods, the proposed method is capable of achieving a higher spatial diversity order by performing relay selection, as validated by performing the theoretical analysis as well as numerical simulation. Furthermore, the closed-form expressions in terms of secrecy outage probability and average secrecy capacity are all consistent with the numerical results. Finally, the proposed scheme may be substantially affected by a number of parameters such as the number of relays, the SNR of links and the ratio of main-to-eavesdropper ratio(MER) λME.

关键词： average secrecy capacity cooperative communication maximal ratio combining outage probability physical layer security

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physical layer security enhanced system with under-sampling spectrum-sparse signals

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2019年第4期26卷 8-16页

作者： Li Lintao Liu Yuanan School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

The ubiquity of wireless communication systems has resulted in extensive concern regarding their security issues.A practical secure transmission scheme based on under-sampling spectrum-sparse signals is *** transmission is initialized as the intended receiver transmits a pilot signal for the transmitter,to perform channel sounding and clock synchronization according to the channel reciprocal ***,sampling clock offset compensation and precoding method based on channel state information(CSI)can be conducted at the transmitter's *** the intended receiver adopts an under-sampling method based on active aliasing which depends very sensitively on accurate sampling clock and CSI,the eavesdroppers can hardly intercept the *** form expression of symbol error rate(SER)at the intended receiver's end and secrecy capacity in fading wiretap channel has been *** evaluation and simulations are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关键词： physical layer security spectrum-sparse signal secrecy capacity

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physical layer security strategies for downlink heterogeneous cloud radio access networks

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2014年第5期21卷 47-54,60页

作者： YAN Shi WANG Wen-bo Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communication Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Cloud radio access networks （C-RANs） were proposed as promising solutions to increase both spectrum and energy efficiency performance in next generation wireless communication systems. Much works discussed the concrete implementation technology to justify the huge development potential of C-RAN. However, only a few litterateurs focused on characterizing the physical layer security in the downlink. The authors studied the physical layer security in downlink heterogeneous C-RAN systems in the article. To characterize the random deployment of remote radio units （RRUs） with single antenna configuration, the stochastic geometry is based to evaluate the proposals＇ secrecy transmission capacity performances, where the closed-form expressions are derived. Furthermore, two security strategies based on eavesdropper neutralization region to protect the target RRU user against eavesdropping were presented and analyzed. Simulation illustrates the secrecy transmission capacity performance limits on different system parameters. The presented security strategies show a significant enhancement on the secrecy performance.

关键词： C-RAN Poisson point process (PPP) physical layer security heterogeneous

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physical layer security techniques for data transmission for future wireless networks

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security and Safety 2022年第1期1卷 115-144页

作者： Weiping Shi Xinyi Jiang Jinsong Hu Abdeldime Mohamed Salih Abdelgader Yin Teng Yang Wang Hangjia He Rongen Dong Feng Shu Jiangzhou Wang School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFujian 350116China School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Karary University Khartoum 12304Sudan School of Engineering University of KentCanterbury CT27NTUK

The broadcast nature of wireless communication systems makes wireless trans-mission extremely susceptible to eavesdropping and even malicious *** layer security technology can e ectively protect the private information sent by the trans-mitter from being listened to by illegal eavesdroppers,thus ensuring the privacy and security of communication between the transmitter and legitimate ***,the main design goal of physical layer security is to increase the performance di erence between the link of the legitimate receiver and that of the eavesdropper using well-designed transmission *** development of mobile communication presents new challenges to physical layer security *** paper provides a survey of the physical layer security research on various promising mobile technologies from secure key generation and keyless techniques,including secure key generation,directional modulation(DM),spatial modulation(SM),covert communication,and intelligent re ecting surface(IRS)-aided ***,the future topics and the unresolved technical challenges are presented in physical layer security for mobile communications.

关键词： physical layer security Key generation DM SM Covert communication IRS

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physical layer security for MmWave Communications:Challenges and Solutions

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ZTE Communications 2022年第4期20卷 41-51页

作者： HE Miao LI Xiangman NI Jianbing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queen’s Univer-sityKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada

The mmWave communication is a promising technique to enable human commutation and a large number of machine-type commu⁃nications of massive data from various non-cellphone devices like Internet of Things(IoT)devices,autonomous vehicles and remotely con⁃trolled *** this reason,information security,in terms of the confidentiality,integrity and availability(CIA),becomes more important in the mmWave communication than ever *** physical layer security(PLS),which is based on the information theory and focuses on the secrecy capacity of the wiretap channel model,is a cost effective and scalable technique to protect the CIA,compared with the traditional cryptographic *** this paper,the theory foundation of PLS is briefly introduced together with the typical PLS performance metrics secrecy rate and outage ***,the most typical PLS techniques for mmWave are introduced,analyzed and compared,which are classified into three major categories of directional modulation(DM),artificial noise(AN),and directional precoding(DPC).Finally,several mmWave PLS research problems are briefly discussed,including the low-complexity DM weight vector codebook construction,impact of phase shifter(PS)with finite precision on PLS,and DM-based communications for multiple target receivers.

关键词： mmWave communication physical layer security phased array directional modulation

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A physical layer security scheme for full-duplex communication systems with residual self-interference and non-eavesdropping CSI

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第3期7卷 352-361页

作者： Weijia Lei Yang Zhou Xiuzhen Lin School of Communication and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China

We discuss the physical layer security scheme in the Full-Duplex(FD)MIMO point-to-point two-way communication system with residual self-interference,in which legitimate nodes send confidential information and null space Artificial Noise(AN)while receiving *** the Channel State Information(CSI)of the eavesdropper is unavailable,we optimize the covariance matrices of the information signal as well as the allocation of the antenna for transmitting and receiving to minimize the signal power consumption under the target rate *** a result,the power of AN is maximized within the limit of total power,so the interception capability of the eavesdropper is suppressed as much as *** self-interference cannot be completely eliminated,the optimization process of one legitimate node depends on the optimization result of the *** substituting self-interference power in the secrecy rate formula with its average value,the joint optimization process at the two nodes is transformed into two separate and solvable optimization ***,the Water-Filling Algorithm(WFA)and bisection algorithm are used to get the optimal covariance matrices of the ***,we derive the theoretical lower bound of ergodic achievable secrecy rate under rayleigh channels to evaluate the performance of the *** simulation results show that the theoretical derivation is correct,and the actual achievable rate is very close to the target rate,which means that the approximation in the optimization is *** results also show that secrecy transmission can be realized because a considerable secrecy rate can be achieved.

关键词： physical layer security Full-duplex Self-interference Eavesdropping CSI Multi-antenna

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A Novel Cooperative physical layer security Scheme for Satellite Downlinks

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2018年第4期27卷 860-865页

作者： LIU Jun WANG Jingjing LIU Weixin WANG Qunyang WANG Mengyuan College of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Satellite Information Engineering Research Institute of Beijing

A physical layer security scheme based on cooperative relays is proposed to address the problem of eavesdropping in satellite downlink which is induced by the broadcasting nature of the shared communication medium and the long distance of the satellite-ground *** evaluating the outage probability, the relay nodes participating in cooperative communication can be divided into a cooperative forwarding group and a cooperative jamming group. The cooperative jamming group and the cooperative forwarding groups construct a cascaded channel which combined with the random weighting technique improves the quality of transmission on the main *** cooperative jamming group uses the main channel null space to transmit artificial noise which does not affect the quality of the main channel, but reduces the eavesdropping channel quality. Simulation results show that the proposed anti-eavesdropping scheme can maximize the quality difference between the main channel and the eavesdropping channels, which thereby may significantly improve the security capacity of satellite downlink systems.

关键词： Satellite communication physical layer security Cooperative relay system Artificial noise

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Cooperative Jamming for physical layer security in Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial Relay Networks

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China Communications 2019年第12期16卷 154-164页

作者： Su Yan Xinyi Wang Zongling Li Bin Li Zesong Fei School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering Beijing 100094China

To integrate the satellite communications with the LTE/5G services, the concept of Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial Relay Networks(HSTRNs) has been proposed. In this paper, we investigate the secure transmission in a HSTRN where the eavesdropper can wiretap the transmitted messages from both the satellite and the intermediate relays. To effectively protect the message from wiretapping in these two phases, we consider cooperative jamming by the relays, where the jamming signals are optimized to maximize the secrecy rate under the total power constraint of relays. In the first phase, the Maximal Ratio Transmission(MRT) scheme is used to maximize the secrecy rate, while in the second phase, by interpolating between the sub-optimal MRT scheme and the null-space projection scheme, the optimal scheme can be obtained via an efficient one-dimensional searching method. Simulation results show that when the number of cooperative relays is small, the performance of the optimal scheme significantly outperforms that of MRT and null-space projection scheme. When the number of relays increases, the performance of the null-space projection approaches that of the optimal one.

关键词： hybrid satellite terrestrial relay networks physical layer security cooperative jamming

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