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Respiratory Risk Associated with Indoor Air Pollutants in the Form of Settled House Dust

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2017年第5期6卷 231-293页

作者： Herbert Jackson III Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science College of Science Engineering and Technology Texas Southern University Texas 77004 USA

Asthma and allergies are considered by many physicians as being triggered by different substances in the air that people breathe. The lung is the most common site of injury by airborne pollutants. Acute effects, however, may also include non-respiratory signs and symptoms, which may depend upon toxicological characteristics of the substances and host-related factors. The studying of indoor air quality can provide a method for appropriate remedial action. Research suggests that SHD （Settled House Dust） may be a significant source for indoor exposure to different substances. This research study consisted of sampling dust from homes in different area codes. The dust samples were collected from August 2006 thru March 2007 and analyzed using GC/MS （Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry）. The purpose of this research study will display how sampling household dust is a powerful tool for identifying chemicals that contribute to poor indoor air quality.

关键词： SHD (Settled House Dust) asthma and allergies phthalates.

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A simple method for rapid screening of phthalate esters in water samples using single-drop solvent extraction combined gas chromatography

A simple method for rapid screening of phthalate esters in w...

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作者： X. H. Li/L. L. Ma /X. T. Wang/X. B. Xu State Key Lab of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing, People''s Republic of China, 100085.

＜正＞A simple, rapid and inexpensive extraction and analysis procedure of three phthalate esters （dimethy-, diethyl- and di-n-butyl phthalate esters） in water samples was presented using single-drop solvent extraction （SDSE） and gas chromatography combined flame ionization detector （GC-FID）. Extraction of phthalates.was achieved by suspending 2 μL of toluene drop to the needle tip of a microsyringe in a stirred aqueous solution. The toluene drop was withdrawn into the microsyringe and injected directly into the gas chromatography. Parameters such as extraction solvent, organic drop volume, salt concentration, and sampling time were optimized. Calibration curves of three phthalate yielded good linearity （r2≥0.99367）. The limits of detection （LODs） of dimethy-, diethyl- and di-n-butyl phthalate esters were 2.01,0.96 and 0.84 μg L-1, respectively. Relative standard deviations （RSD%） in Milli-Q water ranged from 1.01 to 2.35%. Spiked recoveries of tap water and river water agreed well with the known values between 91.75 and 107.58%, demonstrating that SDSE was a useful and reliable technique for the rapid screening of phthalates.in water samples. The applicability of this method was developed in analysis of the tap water in a special plastic container heated in a microwave oven.

关键词： Single-drop solvent extraction Gas chromatography phthalates.

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