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photorespiration Is Crucial for Dynamic Response of Photosynthetic Metabolism and Stomatal Movement to Altered C02 Availability

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Molecular Plant 2017年第1期10卷 47-61页

作者： Marion Eisenhut Andrea Brautigam Stefan Timm Alexandra Florian Takayuki Tohge Alisdair R. Fernie Hermann Bauwe Andreas P.M. Weber Institute of Plant Biochemistry Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences Heinrich Heine University 40225 Dusseldorf Germany Department of Plant Physiology University of Rostock Albert-Einstein-StraBe 3 18051 Rostock Germany Department of Molecular Physiology Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Present address: IPK Gatersleben Network Analysis and Modeling Corrensstrasse 3 06466 Seeland Germany

The photorespiratory pathway or photorespiration is an essential process in oxygenic photosynthetic or- ganisms, which can reduce the efficiency of photosynthetic carbon assimilation and is hence frequently considered as a wasteful process. By comparing the response of the wild-type plants and mutants impaired in photorespiration to a shift in ambient C02 concentrations, we demonstrate that photorespiration also plays a beneficial role during short-term acclimation to reduced C02 availability. The wild-type plants re- sponded with few differentially expressed genes, mostly involved in drought stress, which is likely a conse- quence of enhanced opening of stomata and concomitant water loss upon a shift toward low C02. In contrast, mutants with impaired activity of photorespiratory enzymes were highly stressed and not able to adjust stomatal conductance to reduced external C02 availability. The transcriptional response of mutant plants was congruent, indicating a general reprogramming to deal with the consequences of reduced C02 availability, signaled by enhanced oxygenation of ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate and amplified by the artificially impaired photorespiratory metabolism. Central in this reprogramming was the pro- nounced reallocation of resources from growth processes to stress responses. Taken together, our results indicate that unrestricted photorespiratory metabolism is a prerequisite for rapid physiological acclimation to a reduction in C02 availability.

关键词： photorespiration starvation stress stomata transcription Arabidopsis thaliana

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Relation between photorespiration and photoinhibitionin cotton leaves

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第5期41卷 415-420页

作者：郭连旺许大全沈允钢 Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

photorespiration is a well-known CO2-evolution process accompanying photosyntheticCO2 uptake, whereas its physiological significance is still not well understood. As alreadyreported, severe photoinhibition occurred in the leaves or chloroplasts exposed to stronglight in the absence of CO2 upon suppression of photorespiration, while photoinhibitioncould be prevented by the supply of CO2 at a concentration near the compensation point.

关键词： photoinhibition photorespiration alleviation limitation of inorganic phosphate.

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Improving photosynthetic efficiency toward food security:Strategies,advances,and perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1547-1563页

作者： Edward N.Smith Marvin van Aalst Tiina Tosens Ülo Niinemets Benjamin Stich Tomas Morosinotto Alessandro Alboresi Tobias J.Erb Paul AGómez-Coronado Dimitri Tolleter Giovanni Finazzi Gilles Curien Matthias Heinemann Oliver Ebenhöh Julian M.Hibberd Urte Schlüter Tianshu Sun Andreas P.M.Weber Faculty of Science and Engineering Molecular Systems Biology–Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and BiotechnologyNijenborgh 49747 AG Groningenthe Netherlands Institute of Quantitative and Theoretical Biology Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences51006 TartuEstonia Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Department of Biology University of Padova35131 PadovaItaly Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Department of Biochemistry&Synthetic Metabolism35043 MarburgGermany Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble IRIG-LPCVGrenoble Alpes UniversityCNRSCEAINRAE38000 GrenobleFrance Molecular Physiology Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB23EAUK Institute for Plant Biochemistry Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science(CEPLAS)Heinrich Heine UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 140225 DüsseldorfGermany Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants18190 SanitzGermany

Photosynthesis in crops and natural vegetation allows light energy to be converted into chemical energy and thus forms the foundation for almost all terrestrial trophic networks on Earth.The efficiency of photosynthetic energy conversion plays a crucial role in determining the portion of incident solar radiation that can be used to generate plant biomass throughout a growth season.Consequently,alongside the factors such as resource availability,crop management,crop selection,maintenance costs,and intrinsic yield potential,photosynthetic energy use efficiency significantly influences crop yield.Photosynthetic efficiency is relevant to sustainability and food security because it affects water use efficiency,nutrient use efficiency,and land use efficiency.This review focuses specifically on the potential for improvements in photosynthetic efficiency to drive a sustainable increase in crop yields.We discuss bypassing photorespiration,enhancing light use efficiency,harnessing natural variation in photosynthetic parameters for breeding purposes,and adopting new-to-nature approaches that show promise for achieving unprecedented gains in photosynthetic efficiency.

关键词： photosynthesis photorespiration photorespiratory bypass natural variation synthetic biology plant metabolic engineering

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Influences of open-central canopy on photosynthetic parameters and fruit quality of apples(Malus×domestica)in the Loess Plateau of China

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第2期8卷 133-142页

作者： Lu Lin Zimian Niu Chuangdao Jiang Lu Yu Hongning Wang Meiyu Qiao College of Horticulture Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030031China Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Institute of Pomology Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030031China

Although open-central canopy(OCC)is popular in apple(Malus×domestica)orchards in Loess Plateau of China,its relevant photosynthetic mechanisms have not been elucidated.In this study,changes in photosynthetically active radiation(PAR),gas exchange,chlorophyll fluorescence quenching and fruit quality in apple trees were measured in OCC and compared with those in the conventional condensed round and large canopy(RLC).Results showed that light intercepted at different orientations was 44%higher by OCC than that by RLC.The improved light environment within OCC remarkably increased leaf maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pnmax)and significantly decreased stomatal limitation.Under high light,the ratio of photorespiratory rate to gross photosynthetic rate(Pr/Pg)in OCC was higher than that in RLC.Moreover,reversible component in non-photochemical quenching(r(qE))was increased,while irreversible component(r(qI))was decreased in OCC than in RLC.As a result,the fruit quality in OCC was greatly boosted as evidenced by the significantly increased single fruit weight,fruit flesh firmness and fruit soluble solid contents and the sharply decreased fruit titratable acid contents.PAR intercepted by the canopy and the fruit soluble solid contents,leaf Pnmaxor single fruit weight were positively correlated,while PAR or Pnmaxwas negatively correlated with the fruit titratable acid contents.Accordingly,the improved crown light environment and the enhanced leaf photosynthetic performance and photoprotective capacity in OCC led to the boosted fruit quality.

关键词： Apple Open-central canopy Light environment Photosynthesis Thermal dissipation photorespiration Fruit quality

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Effect of light intensity on partitioning of photosynthetic electron transport to photorespiration in four subtropical forest plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2000年第4期43卷 347-354页

作者：林植芳彭长连孙梓建林桂珠 South China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China

Photosynthetic rate (Pn) and the partitioning of noncyclic photosynthetic electron transport to photorespiration (Jo) in seedlings of four subtropical woody plants growing at three light intensities were studied in the summer time by measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence and CO2 exchange. Except Schima superba, an upper canopy tree species, the tree species Castanopsis fissa and two understory shrubs Psychotria rubra, Ardisia quinquegona had the highest Pn at 36% of sunlight intensity. The total photosynthetic electron transport rate (JF) and the ratio of Jo/JF were elevated in leaves under full sunlight. Jo/JF ratio reached 0.5-0.6 and coincided with the increasing of oxygenation rate of Rubisco (Vo), the activity of glycolate oxidase and photorespiration rate at full sunlight. It is suggested that an increasing partitioning proportion of photosynthetic electron transport to photorespiration might be one of the protective regulation mechanisms in forest plant under strong summer light and high

关键词： subtropical forest plants photosynthetic electron transport photorespiration glycolate oxidase ratio of oxygenation rate to carboxylation rate of Rubisco.

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Development of a Compound photorespiration Inhibitor and Its Application on Sweet Cherry

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2021年第2期10卷 51-54页

作者： Yilong HOU College of Life Science and Technology Dalian UniversityDalian 116622China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound photorespiration inhibitors on related indexes of sweet cherry.[Methods]With the main sweet cherry variety‘Meizao’as a test material,relevant research work was carried out.[Results]Several compound photorespiration inhibitors had a better promotion effect on the photosynthetic capacity,yield and quality of sweet cherry variety‘Meizao’,and especially,the combination of 300 mg/L sodium bicarbonate,300 mg/L sodium bisulfite,300 mg/L 2,3-epoxypropionic acid and 1.5%tween-80 had the best effect.[Conclusions]The combined use of the three photorespiration inhibitors is better than the single use,and produces a good synergistic effect.

关键词： photorespiration photorespiration inhibitor Net photosynthetic rate Yield Total sugar content Leaf thickness

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Induction of the AOX1D Isoform of Alternative Oxidase in A. thaliana T-DNA Insertion Lines Lacking Isoform AOX1A Is Insufficient to Optimize Photosynthesis when Treated with Antimycin A

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 284-297页

作者： Inga Strodtkotter Kollipara Padmasree Challabathula Dinakar Birgit Speth Pamela S. Niazi Joanna Wojtera Ingo Voss Phuc Thi Do Adriano Nunes-Nesi Alisdair R. Fernie Vera Linke Agepati S. Raghavendra Renate Scheibe Department of Plant Physiology FBS University of Osnabrueck 49069 Osnabrueck Germany Department of Plant Sciences School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad Hyderabad 500 046 India Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muhlenberg-1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Plant respiration is characterized by two pathways for electron transfer to O2, namely the cytochrome pathway （CP） that is linked to ATP production, and the alternative pathway （AP）, where electrons from ubiquinol are directly transferred to O2 via an alternative oxidase （AOX） without concomitant ATP production. This latter pathway is well suited to dispose of excess electrons in the light, leading to optimized photosynthetic performance. We have characterized T- DNA-insertion mutant lines of Arabidopsis thaliana that do not express the major isoform, AOXIA. In standard growth conditions, these plants did not show any phenotype, but restriction of electron flow through CP by antimycin A, which induces AOXIA expression in the wild-type, led to an increased expression of AOXID in leaves of the aoxla-knockout mutant. Despite the increased presence of the AOX1D isoform in the mutant, antimycin A caused inhibition of photosyn- thesis, increased ROS, and ultimately resulted in amplified membrane leakage and necrosis when compared to the wild- type, which was only marginally affected by the inhibitor. It thus appears that AOX1 D was unable to fully compensate for the loss of AOXIA when electron flow via the CP is restricted. A combination of inhibition studies, coupled to metabolite profiling and targeted expression analysis of the P-protein of glycine decarboxylase complex （GDC）, suggests that the aoxla mutants attempt to increase their capacity for photorespiration. However, given their deficiency, it is intriguing that increase in expression neither of AOX1D nor of GDC could fully compensate for the lack of AOXIA to optimize pho- tosynthesis when treated with antimycin A. We suggest that the aoxla mutants can further be used to substantiate the current models concerning the influence of mitochondrial redox on photosynthetic performance and gene expression.

关键词： abiotic/environmental stress acclimation--physiological alternative electron transport photorespiration photosynthesis mitochondria T-DNA insertion line.

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Spatial H202 Signaling Specificity： H202 from Chloroplasts and Peroxisomes Modulates the Plant Transcriptome Differentially

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1191-1210页

作者： Nasser Sewelam Nils Jaspert Katrien Van Der Kelen Vanesa B. Tognetti Jessica Schmitz Henning Frerigmann Elia Stahl Frank Van Breusegem Veronica G. Maurino Institut of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group Heinrich-Heine-Universit~t Universit~tsstraBe 1 40225 D~sseldorf Germany Botany Department Faculty of Science Tanta University 31527 Tanta Egypt Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 927 B-9052 Gent Belgium Present address: Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics CEITEC--Central European Institute of Technology MasarykUniversity Kamenice 5 CZ-62500 Brno Czech Republic Botanical Institute Cologne Biocenter University of Cologne 50674 Cologne Germany Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) 40225 Dusseldorf and 50674 Cologne Germany Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Universitatsstraf3e 1 40225 D~sseldorf Germany

Hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） operates as a signaling molecule in eukaryotes, but the specificity of its signal- ing capacities remains largely unrevealed. Here, we analyzed whether a moderate production of H2O2 from two different plant cellular compartments has divergent effects on the plant transcriptome. Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing glycolate oxidase in the chloroplast （Fahnenstich et al., 2008; Balazadeh et al., 2012） and plants deficient in peroxisomal catalase （Queval et al., 2007; Inze et al., 2012） were grown under non-photorespiratory conditions and then transferred to photorespiratory conditions to foster the production of H202 in both organelles. We show that H202 originating in a specific organelle induces two types of responses： one that integrates signals independently from the subcellular site of H202 production and another that is dependent on the H2O2 production site. H2O2 produced in peroxisomes induces transcripts involved in protein repair responses, while H2O2 produced in chloroplasts induces early signaling responses, including transcription factors and biosynthetic genes involved in production of secondary signaling messengers. There is a significant bias towards the induction of genes involved in responses to wounding and pathogen attack by chloroplas- tic-produced H202, including indolic glucosinolates-, camalexin-, and stigmasterol-biosynthetic genes. These transcriptional responses were accompanied by the accumulation of 4-methoxy-indol-3-ylmethyl glucosinolate and stigmasterol.

关键词： hydrogen peroxide reactive oxygen species glycolate oxidase catalase photorespiration oxidative signaling.

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Two hydroxypyruvate reductases encoded by OsHPR1 and OsHPR2 are involved in photorespiratory metabolism in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第2期56卷 170-180页

作者： Nenghui Ye Guozhen Yang Yan Chen Chan Zhang Jianhua Zhang Xinxiang Peng State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources South China Agricultural University Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Mutations in the photorespiration pathway dis- play a lethal phenotype in atmospheric air, which can be fully recovered by elevated C02. An exception is that mutants of peroxisomal hydroxypyruvate reductase （HPR1） do not have this phenotype, indicating the presence of cytosolic bypass in the photorespiration pathway. In this study, we constructed overexpression of the OsHPR1 gene and RNA interference plants of OsHPR1 and OsHPR2 genes in rice （Oryza sativo L. cv. Zhonghua 11）. Results from reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）, Western blot, and enzyme assays showed that HPR1 activity changed significantly in corresponding transgenic lines without any effect on HPR2 activity, which is the same for HPR2. However, metabolite analysis and the serine glyoxylate aminotransferase （SGAT） activity assay showed that the metabolite flux of photorespiration was disturbed in RNAi lines of both HPR genes. Furthermore, HPR1 and HPR2 proteins were located to the peroxisome and cytosol, respectively, by transient expression experiment. Double mutant hprl x hpr2 was generated by crossing individual mutant of hprl and hpr2. The phenotypes of all transgenic lines were determined in ambient air and C02-elevated air. The phenotype typical of photorespiration mutants was observed only where activity of both HPRI and HPR2 were downregulated in the same line. These findings demonstrate that two hydroxypyruvate reductases encoded by OsHPRI and OsHPR2 are involved in photorespiratory metabolism in rice.

关键词： photorespiration hydroxypyruvate reductase RNAinterference alternative splicing rice （Oryza sativa L.）

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Mild Reductions in Mitochondrial NAD- Dependent Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Activity Result in Altered Nitrate Assimilation and Piqmentation But Do Not Impact Growth

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 156-173页

作者： Agata Sienkiewicz-Porzucek Ronan Sulpice Sonia Osorio Ina Krahnert Andrea Leisse Ewa Urbanczyk-Wochniak Michael Hodges Alisdair R. Fernie Adriano Nunes-Nesi Max-Planck-lnstitut for Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Institute de Biotechnologie des Plantes Unite Mixte de Recherche 8618 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Universite de Paris-Sud 11 91405Orsay Cedex France

Transgenic tomato （Solanum lycopersicum） plants were generated expressing a fragment of the mitochon- drial NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase gene （SIIDH1） in the antisense orientation. The transgenic plants displayed a mild reduction in the activity of the target enzyme in the leaves but essentially no visible alteration in growth from the wild-type. Fruit size and yield were, however, reduced. These plants were characterized by relatively few changes in pho- tosynthetic parameters, but they displayed a minor decrease in maximum photosynthetic efficiency （Fv/Fm）. Furthermore, a clear reduction in flux through the tricarboxylic acid （TCA） cycle was observed in the transformants. Additionally, bio- chemical analyses revealed that the transgenic lines exhibited considerably altered metabolism, being characterized by slight decreases in the levels of amino acids, intermediates of the TCA cycle, photosynthetic pigments, starch, and NAD（P）H levels, but increased levels of nitrate and protein. Results from these studies show that even small changes in mitochon- drial NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity lead to noticeable alterations in nitrate assimilation and suggest the presence of different strategies by which metabolism is reprogrammed to compensate for this deficiency.

关键词： Carbon metabolism nitrogen metabolism photorespiration photosynthesis mitochondria tomato.

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