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Effects of dietary 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol in calcium and phosphorous-deficient diets on growth performance,tibia related indices and immune responses in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第2期5卷 134-139页

作者： Parham Ghasemi Majid Toghyani Nasir Landy Department of Animal Science Isfahan(Khorasgan)BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahan***Iran Young Researchers and Elite Club Khorasgan BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahan***Iran

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary 1α-hydroxycholecalciferol(1α-OH-D3)in calcium(Ca)-and phosphorous(P)-deficient diets on growth performance, carcass characteristics,tibia related parameters, and immune responses of broiler chickens. A total of 280 one-day-old broiler chickens(Ross 308) were assigned to 20 floor pens and 4 dietary treatments with 5 replicates. Dietary treatments consisted of starter diets(starter diet of treatment A: 1% Ca, 0.73% total phosphorus [tP];starter diet of treatment B: 0.85% Ca.0.64% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3;starter diet of treatment C: 0.85%Ca, 0.59% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3;starter diet of treatment D: 0.85% Ca, 0.54% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OHD3), grower diets(grower diet of treatment A: 0.86% Ca, 0.68% tP;grower diet of treatment B: 0.73% Ca,0.59% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3;grower diet of treatment C: 0.73% Ca, 0.55% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3;grower diet of treatment D: 0.73% Ca, 0.50% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3) and finisher diets(finisher diet of treatment A: 0.81% Ca, 0.64% tP;finisher diet of treatment B: 0.68% Ca, 0.56% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3;finisher diet of treatment C: 0.68% Ca,0,52% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3;finisher diet of treatment D: 0.68%Ca.0.48% tP + 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3). Results showed that body weight gain(BWG) and feed intake(FI) of broilers in treatment B were similar to those of broilers in treatment A at the end of the trial(P 0.05). Dietary treatments had no significant effect on antibody titers against Newcastle and Influenza disease viruses as well as sheep red blood cells. Dietary treatments had no significant effects on tibia ash and tibial dyschondroplasia score. Broilers fed Ca-P deficient diets had lower tibia Ca and P than those in treatment A(P < 0.05). In conclusion, results indicated that b

关键词： Broiler 1α-OH-D3 Phytate phosphorous Performance Immunity Tibia

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Effect of phytase on phosphorous balance in 20-kg barrows fed low or adequate phosphorous diets

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第1期6卷 9-15页

作者： Tsung Cheng Tsai Robert Dove Michael R.Bedford Michael J.Azain Animal&Dairy Science Department University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602United States AB-VISTA Feed Ingredients MarlboroughWiltsMG SN84ANUnited Kingdom Department of Animal Science University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701United States

The effects of phytase on phosphorus(P)digestibility are well established.However,there are few studies that report P balance,particularly when phytase is used in diets that have adequate or deficient P.The main objective of the study was to determine the effect of dietary P levels and exogenous phytase on P balance in growing pigs.The first part of the experiment was a 14-d metabolism study conducted with 80 barrows(initial body weight 18.5±0.5 kg)with a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement of treatments and main effects of available P(0.13%available P,low P[Low-P]diet;0.35%available P,adequate P[Adeq-P]diet)and phytase(0,250,500,2,500,and 12,500 U/kg).A portion of the pigs(n=24)fed the Low-P diet,with0,500,2,500,12,500 U/kg phytase,and those fed the Adeq-P diet,with 0 and 12,500 U/kg phytase,remained on test diets for another 4 d,and tissues were collected for determination of bone characteristics and tissue P concentration.There was a P×phytase interaction for P retention that was accounted for by a lack of re sponse to phytase in pigs fed the Adeq-P diet.Retention of P was greater with incremental levels of phytase in pigs fed Low-P diets as compared to those fed Adeq-P diets(P level x phytase,P<0.01),but calcium(Ca)retention was greater in pigs fed Adeq-P diets(P level x phytase P<0.01).Apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of P was improved by phytase(P<0.001)and was greater in pigs fed Adeq-P diets as compared to those fed Low-P diets(P=0.006).Metatarsal bone ash(quadratic,P=0.01)and strength(linear,P=0.03)was increased by phytase addition to the Low-P diets.There were no phytase or dietary P effects on P concentrations of the heart,kidney,liver,muscle,and spleen.These results suggest that as compared to the effects in an Adeq-P diet,adding phytase to a Low-P diet was more effective at reducing the P and Ca excretion and restoring average daily gain(ADG).The P released by phytase is absorbed and contributes to improved bone growth,greater rates of tissue accretion,and increased body weight,but does not change tis

关键词： phosphorous Phytase Bone Calcium Digestibility Tissue

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Dendrite-free all-solid-state lithium batteries with lithium phosphorous oxynitride-modified lithium metal anode and composite solid electrolytes

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Nano Research 2019年第1期12卷 217-223页

作者： Chunhua Wang Guoliang Bai Yifu Yang Xingjiang Liu Huixia Shao Hubei Key Lab.of Electrochemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectron ic and Magnetism Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Functional Coordination Compounds of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesAnqing Normal UniversityAnqing 246011China National Key Lab.of Power Sources Tianjin Institute of Power SourcesTianjin 300381China

Dendrite formation on lithium (Li) metal anode is a key issue which hinders the development of rechargeable Li battery seriously. A novel method for suppress!ng Li dendrites via using Li phosphorous oxynitride (UPON) modified Li anode and Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3-poly(ethylene oxide)(Li bistrifluoromethane-sulfonimide)(LAGP-PEO(LiTFSI)) composite solid electrolyte in all-solid-state Li battery is proposed, and the effect of the thickness of UPON on Li anode performarice is also studied. LiPON film with a thickness of 500 nm exhibits satisfactory interface property between Li metal anode and the LAGP-PEO(LiTFSI) solid electrolyte. The LiPON film provides a uniform Li^+ flux across the interface and effectively inhibits the formation of Li dendrites in all-solid-state Li batteries. The assembled all-solid-state Li cell Li(LiPON)/LAGP-PEO(LiTFSI)/LiFePO4 delivers an initial discharge capacity of 152.4 mAh·g^-1 and exhibits good cycling stability and rate performanee at 50 ℃.

关键词： lithium metal anode lithium dendrites Li phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON) composite solid electrolyte all-solid-state lithium battery

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AO-resistant Properties of Polyimide Fibers Containing phosphorous Groups in Main Chains

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2016年第12期34卷 1469-1478页

作者： Yong Zhao Guo-min Li Xue-min Dai Fang-fang Liu 董志鑫邱雪鹏 Polymer Composites Engineering Laboratory Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A series of polyimide fibers containing phosphorus element derived from （3-aminophenyl） methyl phosphine oxide （DAMPO） diamine was exposed to an artificial atomic oxygen environment which simulated the space environment in low earth orbit （LEO）. The mass loss, surface morphology, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of the fibers before and after atomic oxygen （AO） exposure were compared in detail with a blank sample. Results showed that the phosphor-containing fibers demonstrated lower mass change and less tensile strength reduction. SEM results showed that the fibers with phosphorous element had relatively dense surface after AO exposure. Meanwhile, XPS results indicated that a passivated phosphate layer, which could protect the following under-layer from attacking by AO, was formed on the surface of the fibers. These results indicated that the incorporation of diamine （DAMPO） into the main chains could protect the fibers for avoiding further erosion from AO exposure. Hence, the phosphor-containing PI fibers exhibits potential application in space fields.

关键词： Atomic oxygen phosphorous Polyimide Fibers LEO environment.

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Microstructural and geochemical analysis on limit of time series of mineralization in Susong metamorphic phosphorous deposit, western Anhui Province

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第13期41卷 1111-1115页

作者：刘德良苏永军杨晓勇 Department of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

There are a series of medium and small metamorphic phosphorous deposits distributed from Zhangchun and Huangmei counties of Hubei Province through Susong and Feidong counties of Anhui Province to Donghai County of Jia... 详细信息

关键词： rheological rate volume factors limit of time series of mineralization Dabie Mountains Susong phosphorous deposit.

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Extracellular polymeric substance induces biogenesis of vivianite under inorganic phosphate-free conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第10期34卷 115-124页

作者： Xinrui Hao Jie Tang Xiaoyun Yi Kun Gao Qian Yao Chunhua Feng Weilin Huang Zhi Dang School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters Ministry of EducationSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Department of Environmental Science Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

Vivianite is often found in reducing environments rich in iron and phosphorus from organic debris degradation or phosphorus mineral dissolution. The formation of vivianite is essential to the geochemical cycling of phosphorus and iron elements in natural environments. In this study, extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) were selected as the source of phosphorus. Microcosm experiments were conducted to test the evolution of mineralogy during the reduction of polyferric sulfate flocs(PFS) by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1(S. oneidensis MR-1) at EPS concentrations of 0, 0.03, and 0.3 g/L. Vivianite was found to be the secondary mineral in EPS treatment when there was no phosphate in the media. The EPS DNA served as the phosphorus source and DNA-supplied phosphate could induce the formation of vivianite.EPS impedes PFS aggregation, contains redox proteins and stores electron shuttle, and thus greatly promotes the formation of minerals and enhances the reduction of Fe(Ⅲ). At EPS concentration of 0, 0.03, and 0.3 g/L, the produced HCl-extractable Fe(Ⅱ) was 107.9, 111.0,and 115.2 mg/L, respectively. However, when the microcosms remained unstirred, vivianite can be formed without the addition of EPS. In unstirred systems, the EPS secreted by S. oneidensis MR-1 could agglomerate at some areas, resulting in the formation of vivianite in the proximity of microbial cells. It was found that vivianite can be generated biogenetically by S. oneidensis MR-1 strain and EPS may play a key role in iron reduction and concentrating phosphorus in the oligotrophic ecosystems where quiescent conditions prevail.

关键词： Vivianite phosphorous Extracellular polymeric substances Polyferric flocs Shewanella oneidensis MR-1

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phosphorous Forms in Sediments and Their Distribution in the Yangtze Estuary and Coastal Areas

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Marine Science Bulletin 2001年第2期3卷 55-62页

作者：刘敏许世远侯立军欧冬妮 Department of Geography Open Laboratory of Urban Environmental Dynamic Process of the Ministry of Education East China Normal University Shanghai 200062

Based on analyses of surface and core sediments in the tidal flats of the Yangtze Estuary and coastal areas, the present study reveals phosphorous forms existing in sediments and their distributions. The results show that phosphorus in tidal flat sediments in the study area mainly consists of inorganic phosphorous forms, involving DP, Fe-P, Al-P, and Ca-P and organic phosphorous forms, in which Ca-P and OP are dominant compositions. This finding indicates that spatial distributions of various phosphorous forms are related to sedimentary environments in water and grain sizes of sediments, and are influenced by sewage discharges and effluents from aquacultivation in the coastal areas.

关键词： phosphorous forms, distribution, tidal flat sediments, the Yangtze Estuary

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phosphorous and Foliar Applied Nitrogen Improved Productivity and Quality of Potato

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 144-149页

作者： Rashid Waseem Khan Qadri Imran Khan Muhammad Muzammil Jahangir Umair Ashraf Ghufrana Samin Ammara Anwer Muhammad Adnan Mohsin Bashir Institute of Horticultural Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Crop Science and Technology College of Agriculture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore) Faisalabad Campus Faisalabad Pakistan

Growth, yield and quality of potato are greatly affected by its nutritional management. Foliar application of urea reduces nitrogen losses and increases plant nitrogen use efficiency. This study was therefore planned to evaluate the effect of soil applied phosphorus (DAP) and foliar application of nitrogenous fertilizer (urea) on growth, yield and quality of potato. Experiment was comprised of four different treatments of phosphorus (DAP, 46% P) and nitrogen (urea, 46% N) including a control. Treatments were T0 (DAP 160 + Urea 300 kg/acre), T1 (DAP 160 + Urea 5 kg/acre), T2 (DAP 100 + Urea 6 kg/acre) and T3 (DAP 120 + Urea 8 kg/acre). DAP fertilizer was given as basal dressing at the time of sowing. Foliar applications of nitrogenous fertilizer (urea) were given after 30 of sowing with one week interval in five split doses. Results indicated that T3 remained better regarding productivity and quality of potato. The overall fertilizer efficacy regarding yield and quality was: T3 > T2 > T1 > T0. However, Vitamin C was found maximum in T0.

关键词： Nitrogen Potato Tuber phosphorous Quality Yield

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Household Use of Composted Manure and phosphorous-Free Fertilizers: Feeling Good versus Doing Good

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第2期9卷 140-157页

作者： Laura McCann Dong Won Shin Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics University of Missouri Columbia MO USA Korea Environment Institute Sejong South Korea

Increasing urbanization has led to increasing impermeable surfaces and use of lawn care products. phosphorous (P) is a major pollutant in freshwater systems, leading to eutrophication, harmful algal blooms and hypoxia. An important source is runoff from urban areas so reducing use of P fertilizers by homeowners would be helpful. This study examines the use of two alternative fertilizer sources in an urbanizing watershed in the Midwest, organic fertilizer/composted manure and P-free fertilizer. A mail survey of households was conducted, resulting in a 44% effective response rate. The adoption rates were relatively high (31% and 23% respectively) compared to those found in previous work for rain gardens and rain barrels. Probit regression results found that adoption of both practices was higher among those who tested their soil, knew the watershed concept, and spent more than 10 hours per month gardening. Results for use of composted manure imply that adopters do not view this as fertilizer, which may result in buildup of P levels in the soil over time. Respondents who indicated that water quality was more important than economic development were more likely to use P-free fertilizers. Significant demographic factors for organic fertilizer were somewhat surprising;those with two years of college were more likely to adopt than those with a four-year degree and those with household income of $50,000 - 75,000 were more likely to adopt than those with an income of $75,000 - 100,000. No demographic factors were important for P-free fertilizers.

关键词： Adoption Lawn Care Organic Fertilizer phosphorous Water Quality

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Effect of Different Rates of Nitrogen and phosphorous on Growth and Nodulation of Glycine max in the Eastern Region of Sri Lanka

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2016年第3期4卷 14-17页

作者： Somasundaram Sutharsan Varuni Yatawatte Shanmugalingam Srikrisnah Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture Eastern University Vantharumoolai Sri Lanka

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of different rates of nitrogen and phosphorous on the nodulation and growth of soybean. The pot experiment was conducted under a rain shelter in Agro Technology Park, Eastern University, Sri Lanka. The experimental design was CRD with four replicates. Different fertilizer combinations were used as treatments such as T1-30N:150P: 75K: kg/ha, T2-70N:150P:75K: kg/ha, T3 (control)-50N:150P:75K: kg/ha, T4-50N:125P:75K: kg/ ha and T5-50N:175P:75K: kg/ha. The results revealed that there were significant (p phosphorous fertilizer could be used to get maximum growth and nodulation of soybean in Batticaloa district of Sri Lanka.

关键词： Combinations Fertilizer phosphorous Soybean

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