检索结果-南通市图书馆

Using phospholipid fattyacid Technique toAnalysis the Rhizosphere Specific Microbial Community of Seven Hybrid Rice Cultivars

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1817-1827页

作者： ZHU Yu-jing HU Gui-ping LIU Bo XIE Hua-an ZHENG Xue-fang ZHANG Jian-fu Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Fuzhou 350003 P.R.China Institute of Applied Ecology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China

To analyze the intrinsic relationship between rhizosphere microbial community structure and variety of rice, the microbial community structures in rhizosphere of different hybrid rice cultivars were determined with phospholipid fatty acids （PLFA） analysis. Three series of new-breeding hybrid rice cultivars in China were tested in the experiment, Ilyouming 86 （II-32A/Minghui 86）, Ilyouhang 1 （II-32A/Hang 1）, and Ilyouhang 2 （II-32A/Hang 2） with H-32A as female parent, XinyouHK02 （XinA/HK02） and YiyouHK02 （YXA/HK02） with HK02 as male parent, Chuanyou 167 （ChuanxiangA/MR167） and 44you167 （Hunan44A/MR167） with MR167 as male parent. The results showed that the microbial community in rhizosphere of the hybrid rice comprised bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and protozoa, according to the 40 PLFA biomarkers detected. Bacteria were more abundant than fungi and actinomycetes in rhizosphere of the hybrid rice tested. Both sulfate-reducing and methane-oxidizing bacteria were found to exist in the hybrid rice rhizosphere. It was also found that the characteristics of PLFA biomarkers had correlation with the biological traits of rice. The cluster analysis suggested that microbial community structure and activity in rhizosphere were associated with genetic background of the rice cultivar.

关键词： hybrid rice rhizosphere microorganism phospholipid fatty acid diversity

Seasonal freeze-thaw processes impact microbial communities of soil aggregates associated with soil pores on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 279-292页

作者： Rui-Zhe Wang Xia Hu State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University School of Natural Resources Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University

Background Seasonal freeze-thaw(FT) processes alter soil formation and cause changes in soil microbial communi-ties, which regulate the decomposition of organic matter in alpine ecosystems. Soil aggregates are basic structural units and play a critical role in microbial habitation. However, the impact of seasonal FT processes on the distribution of microbial communities associated with soil pores in different aggregate fractions under climate change has been overlooked. In this study, we sampled soil aggregates from two typical alpine ecosystems(alpine meadow and alpine shrubland) during the seasonal FT processes(UFP: unstable freezing period, SFP: stable frozen period, UTP: unstable thawing period and STP: stable thawed period). The phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA) method was used to determine the biomass of living microbes in different aggregate *** The microbial biomass of 0.25–2 mm and 0.053–0.25 mm aggregates did not change significantly dur-ing the seasonal FT process while the microbial biomass of > 2 mm aggregates presented a significant difference between the STP and UTP. Bacterial communities dominated the microbes in aggregates, accounting for over 80% of the total PLFAs. The microbial communities of soil aggregates in the surface layer were more sensitive to the sea-sonal FT process than those in other soil layers. In the thawing period, Gram positive bacteria(GP) was more dominant. In the freezing period, the ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacterial PLFAs(GP/GN) was low because the enrichment of plant litter facilitated the formation of organic matter. In the freezing process, pores of 30–80 μm(mesopores) favored the habitation of fungal and actinobacterial communities while total PLFAs and bacterial PLFAs were negatively correlated with mesopores in the thawing *** The freezing process caused a greater variability in microbial biomass of different aggregate fractions. The thawing process increased the differences in

关键词： phospholipid fatty acid Seasonal freeze-thaw process Soil aggregate Soil microbial biomass Soil pore

Variations in diversity,composition,and species interactions of soil microbial community in response to increased N deposition and precipitation intensity in a temperate grassland

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 495-506页

作者： Shuyan Cui Yushan Xiao Yu Zhou Pengfeng Wu Liqiang Cui Guo Zheng College of Life Science Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Yancheng Institute of TechnologyYancheng 224051China

Background Global climate change has resulted in precipitation regimes exhibiting an increasing trend in rainfall intensity but a reduction in *** addition,nitrogen(N)deposition occurs simultaneously in arid and semi-arid *** biomass,diversity,composition,and species interactions are key determinants of ecological *** examined the effects of changes in precipitation intensity and N addition on the soil bacterial and fungal communities in a semi-arid grassland in Inner Mongolia,*** The microbial biomass(bacterial PLFAs and fungal PLFAs)was determined through phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)analysis,and microbial diversity(Shannon index and evenness index)was determined with high-throughput sequencing(16S and ITS).Species interactions were determined using a molecular ecological network *** relationships between microbial community(bacterial community and fungal community)and environmental variables were examined by Mantel *** We found that N addition decreased fungal PLFA under moderate,high,and extreme precipitation intensity treatments and increased fungal community complexity under the high precipitation intensity ***,N addition increased bacterial diversity under moderate and high precipitation intensity treatments.N addition caused greater environmental stress to the fungal community,which was dominated by deterministic *** The effects of N deposition on soil bacterial and fungal communities were altered by precipitation *** changes in soil bacterial and fungal communities were different,implying that composition and functional traits adapt differently to projected global changes at a regional scale.

关键词： Microbial community composition phospholipid fatty acid High-throughput sequencing Precipitation intensity N deposition

同方期刊数据库

Biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in drip irrigation emitters distributing reclaimed wastewater

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期21卷 834-841页

作者： YAN Dazhuang BAI Zhihui Mike Rowan GU Likun Ren Shumei YANG Peiling College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering the Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Qingdao Institute of Biomass Energy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Using reclaimed wastewater for crop irrigation is a practical alternative to discharge wastewater treatment plant effluents into surface ***,biofouling has been identified as a major contributor to emitter clogging in drip irrigation systems distributing reclaimed *** is known about the biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in the drip emitter flow *** study was first to investigate the microbial characteristics of mature biofilms present in the emitters and the effect of flow path structures on the biofilm microbial *** analysis of biofilm matrix structure using a scanning electron microscopy（SEM） revealed that particles in the matrix of the biofilm coupled extracellular polysaccharides（EPS） and formed sediment in the emitter flow *** of biofilm mass including protein,polysaccharide,and phospholipid fatty acids（PLFAs） showed that emitter flow path style influenced biofilm community structure and *** correlations of biofilm biomass and discharge reduction after 360 h irrigation were computed and suggest that PFLAs provide the best correlation ***,the emitter with the unsymmetrical dentate structure and shorter flow path（Emitter C） had the best anti-clogging *** optimizing the dentate structure,the internal flow pattern within the flow path could be enhanced as an important method to control the biofilm within emitter flow *** study established electron microscope techniques and biochemical microbial analysis methods that may provide a framework for future emitter biofilm studies.

关键词： emitter clogging, drip irrigation biofilm microbial community phospholipid fatty acid reclaimed wastewater scanningelectron microscopy

Microbial Community Structure of Casing Soil During Mushroom Growth

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2009年第4期19卷 446-452页

作者： CAI Wei-Ming YAO Huai-Ying FENG Wei-Lin JIN Qun-Li LIU Yue-Yan LI Nan-Yi ZHENG Zhong Department of Plant Protection Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 (China) Horticulture Institute Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 (China) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 (China)

The culturable bacterial population and phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） profile of casing soil were investigated at different mushroom （Agaricus bisporus） cropping stages. The change in soil bacterial PLFAs was always accompanied by a change in the soil eulturable bacterial population in the first flush. Comparatively higher culturable bacterial population and bacterial PLFAs were found in the casing soil at the primordia formation stage of the first flush. There was a significant increase in the ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFAs during mushroom growth. Multivariate analysis of PLFA data demonstrated that the mushroom cropping stage could considerably affect the microbial community structure of the casing soil. The bacterial population increased significantly from casing soil application to the primordia formation stage of the first flush. Casing soil application resulted in an increase in the ratio of gram-negative bacterial PLFAs to gram-positive bacterial PLFAs, suggesting that some gram-negative bacteria might play an important role in mushroom sporophore initiation.

关键词： cropping stage culturable bacterial population phospholipid fatty acid

Effcts of Irrigation Patterns and Nitrogen Fertilization on Rice Yield and Microbial Community Structure in Paddy Soil

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2012年第5期22卷 661-672页

作者： LI Ya-Juan CHEN Xing I.H.SHAMSI FANG Ping LIN Xian-Yong Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058(China) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil Science and Plant Nutrition College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058(China)

Water and nitrogen （N） are considered the most important factors affecting rice production and play vital roles in regulating soil microbial biomass, activity, and community. The effects of irrigation patterns and N fertilizer levels on the soil microbial community structure and yield of paddy rice were investigated in a pot experiment. The experiment was designed with four N levels of 0 （NO）, 126 （N1）, 157.5 （N2）, and 210 kg N ha^（-1）（N3） under two irrigation patterns of continuous water-logging irrigation （WLI） and water- controlled irrigation （WCI）. phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） analysis was conducted to track the dynamics of soil microbial communities at tillering, grain-filling, and maturity stages. The results showed that the maximums of grain yield, above-ground biomass, and total N uptake were all obtained in the N2 treatment under WCI. Similar variations in total PLFAs, as well as bacterial and fungM PLFAs, were found, with an increase from the tillering to the grain-filling stage and a decrease at the maturity stage except for actinomycetic PLFAs, which decreased continuously from the tillering to the maturity stage. A shift in composition of the microbial community at different stages of the plant growth was indicated by principal component analysis （PCA）, in which the samples at the vegetative stage （tillering stage） were separated from those at the reproductive stage （grain-filling and maturity stages）. Soil microbial biomass, measured as total PLFAs, was significantly higher under WCI than that under WLI mainly at the grain-filling stage, whereas the fungal PLFAs detected under WCI were significantly higher than those under WLI at the tillering, grain-filling, and maturity stages. The application of N fertilizer also significantly increased soil microbial biomass and the main microbial groups both under WLI and WCI conditions. The proper combination of irrigation management and N fertilizer level in this study was the N2 （157.5 kg N ha^（-1）） treatmen

关键词： irrigation management nitrogen levels phospholipid fatty acid rice growth stage soil microorganism

Effect of lime application on microbial community in acidic tea orchard soils in comparison with those in wasteland and forest soils

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第8期22卷 1253-1260页

作者： Dong Xue Xiangdong Huang Huaiying Yao Changyong Huang Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropic Soil and Plant Nutrition College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University (Huajiachi Campus) Hangzhou 310029 China Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023 China

Lime application is a conventional technology to control acidification in tea orchard soils. We investigated the effect of lime application on soil microbial community diversity in the soils of three tea orchards, wasteland and forest. The BIOLOG data showed that both the average well color development of all carbon sources and the functional diversity index increased with the liming rate in the tea orchards and the forest, but decreased in the wasteland. The phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） analysis showed that the structural diversity index of soil microbial community increased with the liming rate in all the tea orchards, the wasteland and the forest. Lime application also increased the soil-bacterial PLFA content in all the soils. Soil fungal and actinomycete PLFAs in the tea orchards showed an increasing trend from 0 to 3.2 g CaCO 3 /kg application and then a decreasing trend from 3.2 to 6.4 g CaCO 3 /kg application. The principal component analysis of BIOLOG and PLFA data suggested that lime application had a significant effect on soil microbial community structure, and land use had a greater effect on soil microbial community structure compared to lime application.

关键词： microbial community diversity phospholipid fatty acid lime tea orchard soil

Soil microbial community structure and function responses to successive planting of Eucalyptus

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第10期25卷 2102-2111页

作者： Falin Chen Hua Zheng Kai Zhang Zhiyun Ouyang Huailin Li Bing Wu Qian Shi State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Guangxi State Dongmen Forest Farm

Many studies have shown soil degradation after the conversion of native forests to exotic Eucalyptus plantations. However, few studies have investigated the long-term impacts of short-rotation forestry practices on soil microorganisms. The impacts of Eucalyptus successive rotations on soil microbial communities were evaluated by comparing phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） abundances, compositions, and enzyme activities of native Pinus massoniana plantations and adjacent 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th generation Eucalyptus plantations. The conversion from P. massoniana to Eucalyptus plantations significantly decreased soil microbial community size and enzyme activities, and increased microbial physiological stress. However, the PLFA abundances formed ＂U＂ shaped quadratic functions with Eucalyptus plantation age. Alternatively, physiological stress biomarkers, the ratios of monounsaturated to saturated fatty acid and Gram＋ to Gram- bacteria, formed ＂∩＂ shaped quadratic functions, and the ratio of cy17：0 to 16： 1ω7c decreased with plantation age. The activities of phenol oxidase, peroxidase, and acid phosphatase increased with Eucalyptus plantation age, while the cellobiobydrolase activity formed ＂U＂ shaped quadratic functions. Soil N：P, alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen, soil organic carbon, and understory cover largely explained the variation in PLFA profiles while soil N：P, alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen, and understory cover explained most of the variability in enzyme activity. In conclusion, soil microbial structure and function under Eucalyptus plantations were strongly impacted by plantation age. Most of the changes could be explained by altered soil resource availability and understory cover associated with successive planting of Eucalyptus. Our results highlight the importance of plantation age for assessing the impacts of plantation conversion as well as the importance of reducing disturbance for plantation management.

关键词： phospholipid fatty acid microbial community structure soil enzyme activity Eucalyptus successive rotation

Effects of cotton straw amendment on soil fertility and microbial communities

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第3期6卷 336-349页

作者： Wuren HUANG Zhihui BAI Daniel HOEFEL Qing HU Xin LV Guoqiang ZHUANG Shengjun XU Hongyan QI Hongxun ZHANG Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute for Environment and Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture SciencesDanzhou 571737China Australian Water Quality Centre South Australian Water CorporationAdelaide SA 5000Australia School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaide SA 5000Australia

Maintaining soil fertility, while controlling pollution from excessive chemical fertilizer application is important for keeping soil productivity of sustainable agriculture. Variety of straws have been used and proven to be good soil amendments for increasing soil organic matter （OM） and a range of additional soil nutrients. However, little is known about the utilization of cotton straw for soil amendment. To better understand the mechanism behind cotton straw soil amendments, investigations were performed upon cucumber seedlings, where changes to soil nutrients and microbial communities were investigated. The results revealed that the cotton straw application promoted the cucumber seedling growth by significantly increasing the soil OM, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. The concentration of cotton straw was positively correlated to both the number of the culturable microorganisms and also the total microbial biomass within soil. Furthermore, assessment of cotton straw application using Biolog metabolic profiling and phospholipid fatty acid analysis revealed that such application increased the microbial community metabolic activity, and markedly changed the structure of microbial community. 16S rRNA gene clone library construction and phylogenetic analysis of soil bacteria revealed 7- Proteobacteria sequences dominated the cotton straw amendment soil, comprising 27.8% of the total number of analyzed sequences, while they were less represented in control soil （13.4%）. On the contrary, the Sphingobacteria （7.8%） and Verrucomicrobia （2.4%） in the cotton straw amendment soil decreased after application when compared to the control soil 15.2% and 15.2%.

关键词： cotton straw soil amendments microbialdiversity Biolog phospholipid fatty acid 16S rRNA geneclone library